长城英文导游词(精选5篇)

第1篇 北京长城英文导游词

尊敬的游客：

看起来大家十分精神，今天我们将要游览的是长城，请大家做好准备。长城是我国最长的建筑也是我国最有名的建筑它的长度达到一万三千多里，我们常常叫它万里长城

首先我们来到了长城脚上，你看这长城那么到高大坚固，是用巨大的条石和城砖的。城墙顶上铺着方砖，十分平整，像很宽的马路，五六匹马可以并行。

你们看见了一边像牙齿的洞、小正方形和一座堡垒了吗?让我来告诉你这三个东西有什么用?那个像牙齿的洞吧!它叫暸望口，我想你们一定相知道它为什么叫嘹望口?我来告诉你，打仗的时候，八路军叔叔来看情况的，那个小正方形叫射口它是用来射箭的。那个堡垒是用来城台之可以互相呼应。

大家都走累了，是不是也饿了?可以吃一下食物，我发给你们一个袋子来装垃圾，记住不要乱丢垃圾，我来给你们讲一个故事，是关于长城的故事：在很就以前秦始皇打仗很多，然后他想到了盖长城，于是他把秦国所有的男人都捉去盖长城，秦始皇怕男人们跑了，所以就把男人们的脚给绑在一起。多少劳动人民的血汗智慧，才疑结成这前不见头、后不见尾的万里长城。

第2篇 北京长城英文版导游词

the great wall, like the pyramids of egypt, the taj mahal(1) in india and the hanging garden of babylon(2), is one of the great wonders of the world. starting out in the east on the banks of the yalu river in liaoning province, the wall stretches westwards for 12,700 kilometers to jiayuguan in the gobi desert, thus known as the ten thousand li wall in china. the wall climbs up and down, twists and turns along the ridges of the yanshan and yinshan mountain chains through five provinces-liaoning, hebei, shanxi, shaanxi, and gansu--and two autonomous regions--ningxia and inner mongolia, binding the northern china together.

historical records trace the construction of the origin of the wall to defensive fortification back to the year 656 b.c. during the reign of king cheng of the states of chu. its construction continued throughout the warring states period in the fifth century b.c. when ducal states yan, zhao, wei, and qin were frequently plundered by the nomadic peoples living north of the yinshan and yanshan mountain ranges. walls, then, were built separately by these ducal states to ward off such harassments. later in 221 b.c., when qin conquered the other states and unified china, emperor qinshihuang ordered the connection of these individual walls and further extensions to form the basis of the present great wall. as a matter of fact, a separate outer wall was constructed north of the yinshan range in the han dynasty(206 bc--1644 bc.), which went to ruin through years of neglect. in the many intervening centuries, succeeding dynasties rebuilt parts of the wall. the most extensive reinforcements and renovations were carried out in the ming dynasty (1368--1644) when altogether 18 lengthy stretches were reinforced with bricks and rocks. it is mostly the ming dynasty wall that visitors see today. the great wall is divided into two sections, the east and west, with shanxi province as the dividing line. the west part is a rammed earth construction, about 5.3 meters high on average. in the eastern part, the core of the wall is rammed earth as well, but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks. the most imposing and best preserved sections of the great wall are at badaling and mutianyu, not far from beijing and both are open to visitors. the wall of those sections is 7.8 meters high and 6.5 meters wide at its base, narrowing to 5.8 meters on the ramparts, wide enough for five horses to gallop abreast. there are ramparts, embrasures, peep-holes and apertures for archers on the top, besides gutters with gargoyles to drain rain-water off the parapet walk. two-storied watch-towers are built at approximately 400-meters internals. the top stories of the watch-tower were designed for observing enemy movements, while the first was used for storing grain, fodder, military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison soldiers. the highest watch-tower at badaling standing on a hill-top, is reached only after a steep climb, like 'climbing a ladder to heaven'. the view from the top is rewarding, hoverer. the wall follows the contour of mountains that rise one behind the other until they finally fade and merge with distant haze. a signal system formerly existed that served to communicate military information to the dynastic capital. this consisted of beacon towers on the wall itself and on mountain tops within sight of the wall. at the approach of enemy troops, smoke signals gave the alarm from the beacon towers in the daytime and bonfire did this at night.

emergency signals could be relayed to the capital from distant places within a few hour long before the invention of anything like modern communications. there stand 14 major passes (guan, in chinese) at places of strategic importance along the great wall, the most important being shanghaiguan and jiayuguan. yet the most impressive one is juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of beijing. known as 'tian xia di yi guan' (the first pass under heaven), shanghaiguan pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north china with the northeast. it had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. it was the gate of shanghaiguan that the ming general wu sangui opened to the manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by li zicheng and so surrendered the whole ming empire to the manchus, leading to the foundation of the qing dynasty. (1644-1911) jiayuguan pass was not so much as the 'strategic pass under the heaven' as an important communication center in chinese history. cleft between the snow-capped qilian mountains and the rolling mazong mountains, it was on the ancient silk road. zhang qian, the first envoy of emperor wu di of the western han dynasty (206 b.c-24 a.d), crossed it on his journey to the western regions. later, silk flowed to the west through this pass too. the gate-tower of jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent workmanship. it has an inner city and an outer city, the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall 11.7 meters high and 730 meters in circumference. it has two gates, an eastern one and a western one. on each gate sits a tower facing each other. the four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers, one for each. juyongguan, a gateway to ancient beijing from inner mongolia, was built in a 15-kilometer long ravine flanked by mountains. the cavalrymen of genghis khan swept through it in the 13th century. at the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the cloud terrace, which was called the crossing-street dagoba, since its narrow arch spanned the main street of the pass and on the top of the terrace there used to be three stone dagobas, built in the yuan daynasty(1206-1368). at the bottom of the terrace is a half-octagonal arch gateway, interesting for its wealth of detail: it is decorated with splendid images of buddha and four celestial guardians carved on the walls. the vividness of their expressions is matched by the exquisite workmanship. such grandiose relics works, with several stones pieced together, are rarely seen in ancient chinese carving. the gate jambs bear a multi-lingual buddhist sutra, carved some 600 years ago in sanskrit(3), tibetan, mongolian, uigur(4), han chinese and the language of western xia. undoubtedly, they are valuable to the study of buddhism and ancient languages. as a cultural heritage, the wall belongs not only to china but to the world. the venice charter says: 'historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events.' the great wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. in 1987, the wall was listed by unesco as a world cultural heritage site.

第3篇 长城英文导游词范文

长城英文导游词范文

the great wall, like the pyramids of egypt, the taj mahal(1) in india and the hanging garden of babylon(2), is one of the great wonders of the world. starting out in the east on the banks of the yalu river in liaoning province, the wall stretches westwards for 12,700 kilometers to jiayuguan in the gobi desert, thus known as the ten thousand li wall in china. the wall climbs up and down, twists and turns along the ridges of the yanshan and yinshan mountain chains through five provinces-liaoning, hebei, shanxi, shaanxi, and gansu--and two autonomous regions--ningxia and inner mongolia, binding the northern china together.

historical records trace the construction of the origin of the wall to defensive fortification back to the year 656 b.c. during the reign of king cheng of the states of chu. its construction continued throughout the warring states period in the fifth century b.c. when ducal states yan, zhao, wei, and qin were frequently plundered by the nomadic peoples living north of the yinshan and yanshan mountain ranges. walls, then, were built separately by these ducal states to ward off such harassments. later in 221 b.c., when qin conquered the other states and unified china, emperor qinshihuang ordered the connection of these individual walls and further extensions to form the basis of the present great wall. as a matter of fact, a separate outer wall was constructed north of the yinshan range in the han dynasty(206 bc--1644 bc.), which went to ruin through years of neglect. in the many intervening centuries, succeeding dynasties rebuilt parts of the wall. the most extensive reinforcements and renovations were carried out in the ming dynasty (1368--1644) when altogether 18 lengthy stretches were reinforced with bricks and rocks. it is mostly the ming dynasty wall that visitors see today. the great wall is divided into two sections, the east and west, with shanxi province as the dividing line. the west part is a rammed earth construction, about 5.3 meters high on average. in the eastern part, the core of the wall is rammed earth as well, but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks. the most imposing and best preserved sections of the great wall are at badaling and mutianyu, not far from beijing and both are open to visitors. the wall of those sections is 7.8 meters high and 6.5 meters wide at its base, narrowing to 5.8 meters on the ramparts, wide enough for five horses to gallop abreast. there are ramparts, embrasures, peep-holes and apertures for archers on the top, besides gutters with gargoyles to drain rain-water off the parapet walk. two-storied watch-towers are built at approximately 400-meters internals. the top stories of the watch-tower were designed for observing enemy movements, while the first was used for storing grain, fodder, military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison soldiers. the highest watch-tower at badaling standing on a hill-top, is reached only after a steep climb, like 'climbing a ladder to heaven'. the view from the top is rewarding, hoverer. the wall follows the contour of mountains that rise one behind the other until they finally fade and merge with distant haze. a signal system formerly existed that served to communicate military information to the dynastic capital. this consisted of beacon towers on the wall itself and on mountain tops within sight of the wall. at the approach of enemy troops, smoke signals gave the alarm from the beacon towers in the daytime and bonfire did this at night.

emergency signals could be relayed to the capital from distant places within a few hour long before the invention of anything like modern communications. there stand 14 major passes (guan, in chinese) at places of strategic importance along the great wall, the most important being shanghaiguan and jiayuguan. yet the most impressive one is juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of beijing. known as 'tian xia di yi guan' (the first pass under heaven), shanghaiguan pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north china with the northeast. it had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. it was the gate of shanghaiguan that the ming general wu sangui opened to the manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by li zicheng and so surrendered the whole ming empire to the manchus, leading to the foundation of the qing dynasty. (1644-1911) jiayuguan pass was not so much as the 'strategic pass under the heaven' as an important communication center in chinese history. cleft between the snow-capped qilian mountains and the rolling mazong mountains, it was on the ancient silk road. zhang qian, the first envoy of emperor wu di of the western han dynasty (206 b.c-24 a.d), crossed it on his journey to the western regions. later, silk flowed to the west through this pass too. the gate-tower of jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent workmanship. it has an inner city and an outer city, the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall 11.7 meters high and 730 meters in circumference. it has two gates, an eastern one and a western one. on each gate sits a tower facing each other. the four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers, one for each. juyongguan, a gateway to ancient beijing from inner mongolia, was built in a 15-kilometer long ravine flanked by mountains. the cavalrymen of genghis khan swept through it in the 13th century. at the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the cloud terrace, which was called the crossing-street dagoba, since its narrow arch spanned the main street of the pass and on the top of the terrace there used to be three stone dagobas, built in the yuan daynasty(1206-1368). at the bottom of the terrace is a half-octagonal arch gateway, interesting for its wealth of detail: it is decorated with splendid images of buddha and four celestial guardians carved on the walls. the vividness of their expressions is matched by the exquisite workmanship. such grandiose relics works, with several stones pieced together, are rarely seen in ancient chinese carving. the gate jambs bear a multi-lingual buddhist sutra, carved some 600 years ago in sanskrit(3), tibetan, mongolian, uigur(4), han chinese and the language of western xia. undoubtedly, they are valuable to the study of buddhism and ancient languages. as a cultural heritage, the wall belongs not only to china but to the world. the venice charter says: 'historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events.' the great wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. in 1987, the wall was listed by unesco as a world cultural heritage site.

notes:1. the taj mahal in india 印度的泰姬陵2. the hanging garden of babylon 巴比伦的空中花园3. sanskrit 梵语4. uigur 维吾尔语

there stand 14 major passes (guan, in chinese) at places of strategic importance along the great wall, the most important being shanghaiguan and jiayuguan. yet the most impressive one is juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of beijing.

known as 'tian xia di yi guan' (the first pass under heaven), shanghaiguan pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north china with the northeast. it had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. it was the gate of shanghaiguan that the ming general wu sangui opened to the manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by li zicheng and so surrendered the whole ming empire to themanchus, leading to the foundation of the qing dynasty. (1644-1911)

jiayuguan pass was not so much as the 'strategic pass under the heaven' as an important communication center in chinese history. cleft between the snow-capped qilian mountains and the rolling mazong mountains, it was on the ancient silk road. zhang qian, the first envoy of emperor wu di of the western han dynasty (206 b.c-24 a.d), crossed it on his journey to the western regions. later, silk flowed to the west through this pass too. the gate-tower of jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent workmanship. it has an inner city and an outer city, the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall 11.7 meters high and 730 meters in circumference. it has two gates, an eastern one and a western one. on each gate sits a tower facing each other. the four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers, one for each.

juyongguan, a gateway to ancient beijing from inner mongolia, was built in a 15-kilometer long ravine flanked by mountains. the cavalrymen of genghis khan swept through it in the 13th century. at the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the cloud terrace, which was called the crossing-street dagoba, since its narrow arch spanned the main street of the pass and on the top of the terrace there used to be three stone dagobas, built in the yuan daynasty(1206-1368). at the bottom of the terrace is a half-octagonal arch gateway, interesting for its wealth of detail: it is decorated with splendid images of buddha and four celestial guardians carved on the walls. the vividness of their expressions is matched by the exquisite workmanship. such grandiose relics works, with several stones pieced together, are rarely seen in ancient chinese carving. the gate jambs bear a multi-lingual buddhist sutra, carved some 600 years ago in sanskrit(3), tibetan, mongolian, uigur(4), han chinese and the language of western xia. undoubtedly, they are valuable to the study of buddhism and ancient languages.

as a cultural heritage, the wall belongs not only to china but to the world. the venice charter says: 'historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events.' the great wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. in 1987, the wall was listed by unesco as a world cultural heritage site.

万里长城导游词400字

尊敬的先生们，女士们，小朋友们，你们好!我们将要游览的是壮丽的万里长城。我是你们的导游。万里长城是我国重点文物保护单位，在1987年12月被列入世界遗产名录,这是中国人的骄傲和自豪.

毛主席说过:'不到长城非好汉.'是啊!长城是中国民族的象征,身为中华儿女怎么能不来游览一番呢?

古时候有孟姜女哭倒长城的动人传说:勤劳聪明的孟姜女为了寻找被官兵捉去修长城的丈夫,千里迢迢来到长城下,经过打听,却知丈夫已被活活累死!听到这晴天霹雳,孟姜女伤心地在长城下一连哭了三天三夜.只听'轰隆'一声,8百里长城倒下了.游客们,这是一个多么动人的故事啊!

万里长城凝结了千千万万劳动人民的血汗.是中华民族智慧的结晶.长城像巨龙盘旋在群山中,那磅礴的气势,闻名世界.

我们此时正站在八达岭长城上,踏着脚下的方砖,扶着墙上的条石.单看着数不清的条石,一块有两三千斤重,那时没有火车,汽车,没有起重机,就靠着无数的肩膀无数的手,一步一步地抬上着陡峭的山岭.游客们,看着这些,我们没有理由不想起古代修筑长城的劳动人民来.他们的智慧不得不让我们敬佩!

万里长城到处都是雄伟壮丽的景象,说也说不尽,下面就请大家慢慢游览吧!

长城导游词

大家好，我是今天的导游，我姓薛，大家可以叫我薛导游，今天大家游览的地方是长城，俗话说得好：“不到长城非好汉。”今天，就让我们登上长城做好汉吧!

北京长城如同一条条沉睡的金色的巨龙，静卧在崇山峻岭之间，保卫着祖国伟大的毛主席，这天安门广场，就像龙身上的一片片鳞甲;这一个一个巨大的堡垒，好像龙身上的麟，秦统一六国以后，秦始皇发动一百八十万民工，将各个长城连接成了万里长城。

中间还有一个故事：古时候是用泥和热水来粘成的，现在我们面前的就是好汉坡了，登上了它们就是好汉了!我们扶好鉄扶手，我们向前吧!

从北京出发，不过一百里就来到了万里长城的脚下，这一段长城修筑在八达岭上，高大坚固，是用巨大的条石和城砖筑成的，城墙顶上铺着方砖，十分平整，像一条条很宽的马路，五六匹马可以并行。这气魄雄伟的工程，在世界历史上是一个伟大的奇迹!

今天的旅游就到这里结束了，希望大家下次再来观看这万里长城，看看我们中国这样气魄雄伟的奇迹呀!

第4篇 长城英文导游词

长城是我国著名的古建筑，下面是由小编为大家带来的关于长城英文导游词，希望能够帮到您!

长城英文导游词

the great wall

the great wall, like the pyramids of egypt, the taj mahal(1) in india and the hanging garden of babylon(2), is one of the great wonders of the world. starting out in the east on the banks of the yalu river in liaoning province, the wall stretches westwards for 12,700 kilometers to jiayuguan in the gobi desert, thus known as the ten thousand li wall in china. the wall climbs up and down, twists and turns along the ridges of the yanshan and yinshan mountain chains through five provinces-liaoning, hebei, shanxi, shaanxi, and gansu--and two autonomous regions--ningxia and inner mongolia, binding the northern china together.

historical records trace the construction of the origin of the wall to defensive fortification back to the year 656 b.c. during the reign of king cheng of the states of chu. its construction continued throughout the warring states period in the fifth century b.c. when ducal states yan, zhao, wei, and qin were frequently plundered by the nomadic peoples living north of the yinshan and yanshan mountain ranges. walls, then, were built separately by these ducal states to ward off such harassments. later in 221 b.c., when qin conquered the other states and unified china, emperor qinshihuang ordered the connection of these individual walls and further extensions to form the basis of the present great wall. as a matter of fact, a separate outer wall was constructed north of the yinshan range in the han dynasty(206 bc--1644 bc.), which went to ruin through years of neglect. in the many intervening centuries, succeeding dynasties rebuilt parts of the wall. the most extensive reinforcements and renovations were carried out in the ming dynasty (1368--1644) when altogether 18 lengthy stretches were reinforced with bricks and rocks. it is mostly the ming dynasty wall that visitors see today. the great wall is divided into two sections, the east and west, with shanxi province as the dividing line. the west part is a rammed earth construction, about 5.3 meters high on average. in the eastern part, the core of the wall is rammed earth as well, but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks. the most imposing and best preserved sections of the great wall are at badaling and mutianyu, not far from beijing and both are open to visitors. the wall of those sections is 7.8 meters high and 6.5 meters wide at its base, narrowing to 5.8 meters on the ramparts, wide enough for five horses to gallop abreast. there are ramparts, embrasures, peep-holes and apertures for archers on the top, besides gutters with gargoyles to drain rain-water off the parapet walk. two-storied watch-towers are built at approximately 400-meters internals. the top stories of the watch-tower were designed for observing enemy movements, while the first was used for storing grain, fodder, military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison soldiers. the highest watch-tower at badaling standing on a hill-top, is reached only after a steep climb, like climbing a ladder to heaven. the view from the top is rewarding, hoverer. the wall follows the contour of mountains that rise one behind the other until they finally fade and merge with distant haze. a signal system formerly existed that served to communicate military information to the dynastic capital. this consisted of beacon towers on the wall itself and on mountain tops within sight of the wall. at the approach of enemy troops, smoke signals gave the alarm from the beacon towers in the daytime and bonfire did this at night.

emergency signals could be relayed to the capital from distant places within a few hour long before the invention of anything like modern communications. there stand 14 major passes (guan, in chinese) at places of strategic importance along the great wall, the most important being shanghaiguan and jiayuguan. yet the most impressive one is juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of beijing. known as tian xia di yi guan (the first pass under heaven), shanghaiguan pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north china with the northeast. it had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. it was the gate of shanghaiguan that the ming general wu sangui opened to the manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by li zicheng and so surrendered the whole ming empire to the manchus, leading to the foundation of the qing dynasty. (1644-1911) jiayuguan pass was not so much as the strategic pass under the heaven as an important communication center in chinese history. cleft between the snow-capped qilian mountains and the rolling mazong mountains, it was on the ancient silk road. zhang qian, the first envoy of emperor wu di of the western han dynasty (206 b.c-24 a.d), crossed it on his journey to the western regions. later, silk flowed to the west through this pass too. the gate-tower of jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent workmanship. it has an inner city and an outer city, the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall 11.7 meters high and 730 meters in circumference. it has two gates, an eastern one and a western one. on each gate sits a tower facing each other. the four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers, one for each. juyongguan, a gateway to ancient beijing from inner mongolia, was built in a 15-kilometer long ravine flanked by mountains. the cavalrymen of genghis khan swept through it in the 13th century. at the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the cloud terrace, which was called the crossing-street dagoba, since its narrow arch spanned the main street of the pass and on the top of the terrace there used to be three stone dagobas, built in the yuan daynasty(1206-1368). at the bottom of the terrace is a half-octagonal arch gateway, interesting for its wealth of detail: it is decorated with splendid images of buddha and four celestial guardians carved on the walls. the vividness of their expressions is matched by the exquisite workmanship. such grandiose relics works, with several stones pieced together, are rarely seen in ancient chinese carving. the gate jambs bear a multi-lingual buddhist sutra, carved some 600 years ago in sanskrit(3), tibetan, mongolian, uigur(4), han chinese and the language of western xia. undoubtedly, they are valuable to the study of buddhism and ancient languages. as a cultural heritage, the wall belongs not only to china but to the world. the venice charter says: historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events. the great wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. in 1987, the wall was listed by unesco as a world cultural heritage site.

notes:1. the taj mahal in india 印度的泰姬陵2. the hanging garden of babylon 巴比伦的空中花园3. sanskrit 梵语4. uigur 维吾尔语

there stand 14 major passes (guan, in chinese) at places of strategic importance along the great wall, the most important being shanghaiguan and jiayuguan. yet the most impressive one is juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of beijing.

known as tian xia di yi guan (the first pass under heaven), shanghaiguan pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north china with the northeast. it had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. it was the gate of shanghaiguan that the ming general wu sangui opened to the manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by li zicheng and so surrendered the whole ming empire to themanchus, leading to the foundation of the qing dynasty. (1644-1911)

jiayuguan pass was not so much as the strategic pass under the heaven as an important communication center in chinese history. cleft between the snow-capped qilian mountains and the rolling mazong mountains, it was on the ancient silk road. zhang qian, the first envoy of emperor wu di of the western han dynasty (206 b.c-24 a.d), crossed it on his journey to the western regions. later, silk flowed to the west through this pass too. the gate-tower of jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent workmanship. it has an inner city and an outer city, the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall 11.7 meters high and 730 meters in circumference. it has two gates, an eastern one and a western one. on each gate sits a tower facing each other. the four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers, one for each.

juyongguan, a gateway to ancient beijing from inner mongolia, was built in a 15-kilometer long ravine flanked by mountains. the cavalrymen of genghis khan swept through it in the 13th century. at the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the cloud terrace, which was called the crossing-street dagoba, since its narrow arch spanned the main street of the pass and on the top of the terrace there used to be three stone dagobas, built in the yuan daynasty(1206-1368). at the bottom of the terrace is a half-octagonal arch gateway, interesting for its wealth of detail: it is decorated with splendid images of buddha and four celestial guardians carved on the walls. the vividness of their expressions is matched by the exquisite workmanship. such grandiose relics works, with several stones pieced together, are rarely seen in ancient chinese carving. the gate jambs bear a multi-lingual buddhist sutra, carved some 600 years ago in sanskrit(3), tibetan, mongolian, uigur(4), han chinese and the language of western xia. undoubtedly, they are valuable to the study of buddhism and ancient languages.

as a cultural heritage, the wall belongs not only to china but to the world. the venice charter says: historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events. the great wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. in 1987, the wall was listed by unesco as a world cultural heritage site.

第5篇 长城英文导游词【最新】

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长城英文导游词

the great wall

the great wall, like the pyramids of egypt, the taj mahal(1) in india and the hanging garden of babylon(2), is one of the great wonders of the world. starting out in the east on the banks of the yalu river in liaoning province, the wall stretches westwards for 12,700 kilometers to jiayuguan in the gobi desert, thus known as the ten thousand li wall in china. the wall climbs up and down, twists and turns along the ridges of the yanshan and yinshan mountain chains through five provinces-liaoning, hebei, shanxi, shaanxi, and gansu--and two autonomous regions--ningxia and inner mongolia, binding the northern china together.

historical records trace the construction of the origin of the wall to defensive fortification back to the year 656 b.c. during the reign of king cheng of the states of chu. its construction continued throughout the warring states period in the fifth century b.c. when ducal states yan, zhao, wei, and qin were frequently plundered by the nomadic peoples living north of the yinshan and yanshan mountain ranges. walls, then, were built separately by these ducal states to ward off such harassments. later in 221 b.c., when qin conquered the other states and unified china, emperor qinshihuang ordered the connection of these individual walls and further extensions to form the basis of the present great wall. as a matter of fact, a separate outer wall was constructed north of the yinshan range in the han dynasty(206 bc--1644 bc.), which went to ruin through years of neglect. in the many intervening centuries, succeeding dynasties rebuilt parts of the wall. the most extensive reinforcements and renovations were carried out in the ming dynasty (1368--1644) when altogether 18 lengthy stretches were reinforced with bricks and rocks. it is mostly the ming dynasty wall that visitors see today. the great wall is divided into two sections, the east and west, with shanxi province as the dividing line. the west part is a rammed earth construction, about 5.3 meters high on average. in the eastern part, the core of the wall is rammed earth as well, but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks. the most imposing and best preserved sections of the great wall are at badaling and mutianyu, not far from beijing and both are open to visitors. the wall of those sections is 7.8 meters high and 6.5 meters wide at its base, narrowing to 5.8 meters on the ramparts, wide enough for five horses to gallop abreast. there are ramparts, embrasures, peep-holes and apertures for archers on the top, besides gutters with gargoyles to drain rain-water off the parapet walk. two-storied watch-towers are built at approximately 400-meters internals. the top stories of the watch-tower were designed for observing enemy movements, while the first was used for storing grain, fodder, military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison soldiers. the highest watch-tower at badaling standing on a hill-top, is reached only after a steep climb, like climbing a ladder to heaven. the view from the top is rewarding, hoverer. the wall follows the contour of mountains that rise one behind the other until they finally fade and merge with distant haze. a signal system formerly existed that served to communicate military information to the dynastic capital. this consisted of beacon towers on the wall itself and on mountain tops within sight of the wall. at the approach of enemy troops, smoke signals gave the alarm from the beacon towers in the daytime and bonfire did this at night.

emergency signals could be relayed to the capital from distant places within a few hour long before the invention of anything like modern communications. there stand 14 major passes (guan, in chinese) at places of strategic importance along the great wall, the most important being shanghaiguan and jiayuguan. yet the most impressive one is juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of beijing. known as tian xia di yi guan (the first pass under heaven), shanghaiguan pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north china with the northeast. it had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. it was the gate of shanghaiguan that the ming general wu sangui opened to the manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by li zicheng and so surrendered the whole ming empire to the manchus, leading to the foundation of the qing dynasty. (1644-1911) jiayuguan pass was not so much as the strategic pass under the heaven as an important communication center in chinese history. cleft between the snow-capped qilian mountains and the rolling mazong mountains, it was on the ancient silk road. zhang qian, the first envoy of emperor wu di of the western han dynasty (206 b.c-24 a.d), crossed it on his journey to the western regions. later, silk flowed to the west through this pass too. the gate-tower of jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent workmanship. it has an inner city and an outer city, the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall 11.7 meters high and 730 meters in circumference. it has two gates, an eastern one and a western one. on each gate sits a tower facing each other. the four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers, one for each. juyongguan, a gateway to ancient beijing from inner mongolia, was built in a 15-kilometer long ravine flanked by mountains. the cavalrymen of genghis khan swept through it in the 13th century. at the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the cloud terrace, which was called the crossing-street dagoba, since its narrow arch spanned the main street of the pass and on the top of the terrace there used to be three stone dagobas, built in the yuan daynasty(1206-1368). at the bottom of the terrace is a half-octagonal arch gateway, interesting for its wealth of detail: it is decorated with splendid images of buddha and four celestial guardians carved on the walls. the vividness of their expressions is matched by the exquisite workmanship. such grandiose relics works, with several stones pieced together, are rarely seen in ancient chinese carving. the gate jambs bear a multi-lingual buddhist sutra, carved some 600 years ago in sanskrit(3), tibetan, mongolian, uigur(4), han chinese and the language of western xia. undoubtedly, they are valuable to the study of buddhism and ancient languages. as a cultural heritage, the wall belongs not only to china but to the world. the venice charter says: historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events. the great wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. in 1987, the wall was listed by unesco as a world cultural heritage site.

notes:1. the taj mahal in india 印度的泰姬陵2. the hanging garden of babylon 巴比伦的空中花园3. sanskrit 梵语4. uigur 维吾尔语

there stand 14 major passes (guan, in chinese) at places of strategic importance along the great wall, the most important being shanghaiguan and jiayuguan. yet the most impressive one is juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of beijing.

known as tian xia di yi guan (the first pass under heaven), shanghaiguan pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north china with the northeast. it had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. it was the gate of shanghaiguan that the ming general wu sangui opened to the manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by li zicheng and so surrendered the whole ming empire to themanchus, leading to the foundation of the qing dynasty. (1644-1911)

jiayuguan pass was not so much as the strategic pass under the heaven as an important communication center in chinese history. cleft between the snow-capped qilian mountains and the rolling mazong mountains, it was on the ancient silk road. zhang qian, the first envoy of emperor wu di of the western han dynasty (206 b.c-24 a.d), crossed it on his journey to the western regions. later, silk flowed to the west through this pass too. the gate-tower of jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent workmanship. it has an inner city and an outer city, the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall 11.7 meters high and 730 meters in circumference. it has two gates, an eastern one and a western one. on each gate sits a tower facing each other. the four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers, one for each.

juyongguan, a gateway to ancient beijing from inner mongolia, was built in a 15-kilometer long ravine flanked by mountains. the cavalrymen of genghis khan swept through it in the 13th century. at the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the cloud terrace, which was called the crossing-street dagoba, since its narrow arch spanned the main street of the pass and on the top of the terrace there used to be three stone dagobas, built in the yuan daynasty(1206-1368). at the bottom of the terrace is a half-octagonal arch gateway, interesting for its wealth of detail: it is decorated with splendid images of buddha and four celestial guardians carved on the walls. the vividness of their expressions is matched by the exquisite workmanship. such grandiose relics works, with several stones pieced together, are rarely seen in ancient chinese carving. the gate jambs bear a multi-lingual buddhist sutra, carved some 600 years ago in sanskrit(3), tibetan, mongolian, uigur(4), han chinese and the language of western xia. undoubtedly, they are valuable to the study of buddhism and ancient languages.

as a cultural heritage, the wall belongs not only to china but to the world. the venice charter says: historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events. the great wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. in 1987, the wall was listed by unesco as a world cultural heritage site.