国际货物销售合同（9份范本）
第1篇 联合国国际货物销售合同公约
题 目联合国国际货物销售合同公约(附英文)
颁布单位
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本公约各缔约国，
铭记联合国大会第六届特别会议通过的关于建立新的国际经济秩序的各项决议的广泛目标，
考虑到在平等互利基础上发展国际贸易是促进各国间友好关系的一个重要因素，认为采用照顾到不同的社会、经济和法律制度的国际货物销售合同统一规则，将有助于减少国际贸易的法律障碍，促进国际贸易的发展，
兹协议如下：
第2篇 国际货物销售合同范本
甲方(买方)：________________
住所：_____________________
联系电话：________________
乙方(卖方)：________________
住所：_____________________
联系电话：________________
甲乙双方本着自愿、平等、互惠互利、诚实信用的原则，经充分友好协商，订立如下合同条款，以资共同恪守履行。
第一条、买卖标的
1、名称：________________
2、品种：________________
3、规格：________________
4、价格：________________
第二条、质量要求
乙方在甲方用货前提供货物样品，由乙方提供产品合格证，并提供检测报告给甲方存档，乙方供给甲方同样质量的产品。乙方必须保证原材料为合格产品。
第三条、包装
1、须用坚固的木箱或纸箱包装，适合长途海运、邮寄、空运和多次搬运、装卸及适应气候的变化。并具备良好的防潮、防霉、防锈、防腐蚀及抗震能力，不能造成运输过程中箱件破损，货物散失。以商品的存放和运输安全为前提，保证货物在没有任何损坏和腐蚀的情况下安全运抵目的地。
2、包装箱内的商品均应系加标签，注明合同号、商品名称、质量、规格、数量等并附有完整的维护保养、操作使用说明书、出厂合格证等。
3、卖方应在每件包装箱的邻接侧面上，用不褪色的油漆以明显易见的中文或英文字样印刷以下标记：合同号、目的站、码头、机场、收货人、货物名称、规格、箱号、件号、毛重、净重(公斤)、体积(长__宽__高，以毫米表示)。
4、在运输包装内装有爆炸品、易燃物品、有毒物品、腐蚀物品、氧化剂和放射性物资等危险货物时，都必须在运输包装上标明用于各种危险品的标志，以示警告，使装卸、运输和保管人员按货物特性采取相应的防护措施，以保护物资和人身的安全。
5、每一包装的尺寸、毛重、净重以及其它必要的注意出项，例如：“不要倒”、“防潮”、“小心轻放”、“固定”等，无论何时如有必要应以不褪色的颜料印刷在每件包装的表面。
6、凡由于卖方包装或保管不善致使货物遭到损坏或丢失时，不论在何时何地发现，一经证实，卖方应负责及时补齐、更换或赔偿。在运输中如非卖方包装原因发生货物损坏和丢失时，买方应立即向承运部门提出异议，索取商务证明，并通知卖方_________天内到达现场调查。卖方负责与承运部门及保险公司交涉，买方协助卖方尽快处理，同时卖方应尽快向买方补供货物以满足合同需要。
7、包装费用由_________方承担。
第四条、运输
1、运输方式按下列第_________项执行：
(1)海洋运输：________________
(2)铁路运输：________________
(3)航空运输：________________
(4)邮政运输：________________
2、运输单据：________________
(1)海运提单：全套洁净已装船提单，做成空白抬头，由发货人空白背书注明“运费到付”、“运费付讫”并通知目的港的买方。
(2)航空运单：提供一份空运单，注明“运费到付”、“运费已付”，交付买方。
(3)航空邮包：寄一份航空邮包收据给买方。
3、运输线路及费用负担：卖方应按双方商定的合理运输路线、工具、到达站(港、机场)，委托承运单位发运货物，力求装足容量或吨位，从而节约费用。
4、接货单位(或接货人)：_________________________。
第五条、装运
1、装运时间：从卖方收到买方信用证日期算起，_________天内予以装船。
2、装运港(地)：_________________________。由卖方提出，经买方同意后确定。
3、目的港(地)：_________________________。由卖方提出，经买方同意后确定。
4、分批装运和转运：________________由买卖双方协商确定是否订立此条款。
第六条、保险
1、如果在fob、cfr、fca、或cpt条件下发运货物，应由买方负责投保。
2、如果在cip或cip条件下运送货物，卖方应按发票金额的_________%投保_________平安险，或_________水渍险，或_________一切险。另投附加险应包括：_________________________。
第七条、价格与货款支付
1、计价货币：_________________________元。
2、以_________方式支付。
第八条、检验
检验标准和方法
1、根据《商检法》规定，凡列入目录的进出口商品，按照国家技术规范的强制性要求进行检验。没在国家技术规范的强制性要求的，可以参照国家商检部门指定的国外有关标准进行检验。法律、行政法规规定由其他检验机构实施检验的进出口商品或者检验项目，依照有关法律、行政法规的规定办理。此外，合同双方当事人还可以将买卖合同中规定的质量、数量和包装条款作为检验的重要依据。
2、商品检验的方法主要有感官检验、化学检验、物理检验、微生物检验等。
第九条、索赔
1、索赔依据：买方有权在货物到达_________最终目的地_________卸货港后向检验机关申请检验货物的权利。如果货物的品质、规格、数量、重量、包装及对安全、卫生或健康的要求不符合合同的规定则买方应向卖方发出索赔通知，并有权以上述条款规定的检验机构签发的检验证明作为依据向卖方索赔，并在_________列出索赔理由。
2、索赔期限：
(1)货物到达最终目的地之日后_________日内只要该日不超过货物到达卸货港之日后_________日。
(2)在保证期内发现故障或缺陷的情况下，最迟应在发现故障后_________周内。
3、卖方在收到本合同规定的检验机构出具的检验证明后不迟于_________日对买方的索赔要来作出答复。如果卖方未在上述期限内作出答复，则买方的索赔要求被视为接受。
第十条、税收
与本合同有关及在执行本合同中由中国政府根据生效的税收法律征收的所有税收由_________支付。与本合同有关及在执行本合同中在中华人民共和国领土以外征收的所有税收应由_________支付。
第十一条、不可抗力
1、如果本合同任何一方因受不可抗力事件影响而未能履行其在本合同下的全部或部分义务，该义务的履行在不可抗力事件妨碍其履行期间应予中止。
2、声称受到不可抗力事件影响的一方应尽可能在最短的时间内通过书面形式将不可抗力事件的发生通知另一方，并在该不可抗力事件发生后______日内向另一方提供关于此种不可抗力事件及其持续时间的适当证据及合同不能履行或者需要延期履行的书面资料。声称不可抗力事件导致其对本合同的履行在客观上成为不可能或不实际的一方，有责任尽一切合理的努力消除或减轻此等不可抗力事件的影响。
3、不可抗力事件发生时，双方应立即通过友好协商决定如何执行本合同。不可抗力事件或其影响终止或消除后，双方须立即恢复履行各自在本合同项下的各项义务。如不可抗力及其影响无法终止或消除而致使合同任何一方丧失继续履行合同的能力，则双方可协商解除合同或暂时延迟合同的履行，且遭遇不可抗力一方无须为此承担责任。当事人迟延履行后发生不可抗力的，不能免除责任。
4、本合同所称'不可抗力'是指受影响一方不能合理控制的，无法预料或即使可预料到也不可避免且无法克服，并于本合同签订日之后出现的，使该方对本合同全部或部分的履行在客观上成为不可能或不实际的任何事件。此等事件包括但不限于自然灾害如水灾、火灾、旱灾、台风、地震，以及社会事件如战争(不论曾否宣战)、动乱、罢工，政府行为或法律规定等。
第十二条、终止合同
本合同在下列任一情形下终止：
(1)一方进入解体或倒闭阶段。
(2)一方被判为破产或其它原因致使资不抵债。
(3)本合同已有效、全部得到履行。
(4)双方共同同意提前解除合同。
(5)按仲裁机构的裁决，合同解除或终止。
(6)因不可抗力致使合同目的不能实现的。
(7)在合同期限届满之前，当事人一方明确表示或以自己的行为表明不履行合同主要义务的。
(8)当事人一方迟延履行合同主要义务，经催告后在合理期限内仍未履行。
(9)当事人有其他违约或违法行为致使合同目的不能实现的。
第十三条、争议解决
本合同在履行过程中发生的争议，由双方当事人协商解决，也可由有关部门调解。协商或调解不成的，依法向人民法院起诉。在进行法院审理期间，除提交法院审理的事项外，合同其他部分仍应继续履行。
第十四条、本合同正本一式_________份，双方各执_________份，具有同等法律效力。
甲方(签字)：________________
签订地点：________________
_________年________月______日
乙方(签字)：________________
签订地点：________________
_________年________月______日
第3篇 联合国国际货物销售合同公约(附英文)
1980年4月11日订于维也纳
本公约各缔约国，铭记联合国大会第六届特别会议通过的关于建立新的国际经济秩序的各项决议的广泛目标，考虑到在平等互利基础上发展国际贸易是促进各国间友好关系的一个重要因素，认为采用照顾到不同的社会、经济和法律制度的国际货物销售合同统一规则，将有助于减少国际贸易的法律障碍，促进国际贸易的发展，兹协议如下：
the states parties to this convention,
bearing in mind the broad objectives in the resolutions adopted by the sixth special session of the general assembly of the united nations on the establishment of a new international economic order, considering that the development of international trade on the basis of equality and mutual benefit is an important element in promoting friendly relations among states, being of the opinion that the adoption of uniform rules which govern contracts for the international sale of goods and take into account the different social, economic and legal systems would contribute to the removal of legal barriers in international trade and promote the development of international trade,
have decreed as follows:
第一部分 适用范围和总则
part i-sphere of application and general provisions
第一章 适用范围
chapter i-sphere of application
第一条
(1)本公约适用于营业地在不同国家的当事人之间所订立的货物销售合同：
(a)如果这些国家是缔约国;或
(b)如果国际私法规则导致适用某一缔约国的法律。
(2)当事人营业地在不同国家的事实，如果从合同或从订立合同前任何时候或订立合同时，当事人之间的任何交易或当事人透露的情报均看不出，应不予考虑。
(3)在确定本公约的适用时，当事人的国籍和当事人或合同的民事或商业性质，应不予考虑。
article 1
(1) this convention applies to contracts of sale of goods between parties whose places of business are in different states:
(a) when the states are contracting states; or
(b) when the rules of private international law lead to the application of the law of a contracting state.
(2) the fact that the parties have their places of business in different states is to be disregarded whenever this fact does not appear either from the contract or from any dealings between, or from information disclosed by, the parties at any time before or at the conclusion of the contract.
(3) neither the nationality of the parties nor the civil or commercial character of the parties or of the contract is to be taken into consideration in determining the application of this convention.
第二条
本公约不适用于以下的销售：
(a)购供私人、家人或家庭使用的货物的销售，除非卖方在订立合同前任何时候或订立合同时不知道而且没有理由知道这些货物是购供任何这种使用;
(b)经由拍卖的销售;
(c)根据法律执行令状或其它令状的销售;
(d)公债、股票、投资证券、流通票据或货币的销售;
(e)船舶、船只、气垫船或飞机的销售;
(f)电力的销售。
article 2
this convention does not apply to sales:
(a) of goods bought for personal, family or household use, unless the seller, at any time before or at the conclusion of the contract, neither knew nor ought to have known that the goods were bought for any such use;
(b) by auction;
(c) on execution or otherwise by authority of law;
(d) of stocks, shares, investment securities, negotiable instruments or money;
(e) of ships, vessels, hovercraft or aircraft;
(f) of electricity.
第三条
(1)供应尚待制造或生产的货物的合同应视为销售合同，除非订购货物的当事人保证供应这种制造或生产所需的大部分重要材料。
(2)本公约不适用于供应货物一方的绝大部分义务在于供应劳力或其它服务的合同。
article 3
(1) contracts for the supply of goods to be manufactured or produced are to be considered sales unless the party who orders the goods undertakes to supply a substantial part of the materials necessary for such manufacture or production.
(2) this convention does not apply to contracts in which the preponderant part of the obligations of the party who furnishes the goods consists in the supply of labour or other services.
第四条
本公约只适用于销售合同的订立和卖方和买方因此种合同而产生的权利和义务。特别是，本公约除非另有明文规定，与以下事项无关：
(a)合同的效力，或其任何条款的效力，或任何惯例的效力;
(b)合同对所售货物所有权可能产生的影响。
article 4
this convention governs only the formation of the contract of sale and the rights and obligations of the seller and the buyer arising from such a contract. in particular, except as otherwise expressly provided in this convention, it is not concerned with:
(a) the validity of the contract or of any of its provisions or of any usage;
(b) the effect which the contract may have on the property in the goods sold.
第五条
本公约不适用于卖方对于货物对任何人所造成的死亡或伤害的责任。
article 5
this convention does not apply to the liability of the seller for death or personal injury caused by the goods to any person.
第六条
双方当事人可以不适用本公约，或在第十二条的条件下，减损本公约的任何规定或改变其效力。
article 6
the parties may exclude the application of this convention or, subject to article 12, derogate from or vary the effect of any of its provisions.
第二章 总则
chapter ii-general provisions
第七条
(1)在解释本公约时，应考虑到本公约的国际性质和促进其适用的统一以及在国际贸易上遵守诚信的需要。
(2)凡本公约未明确解决的属于本公约范围的问题，应按照本公约所依据的一般原则来解决，在没有一般原则的情况下，则应按照国际私法规定适用的法律来解决。
article 7
(1) in the interpretation of this convention, regard is to be had to its international character and to the need to promote uniformity in its application and the observance of good faith in international trade.
(2) questions concerning matters governed by this convention which are not expressly settled in it are to be settled in conformity with the general principles on which it is based or, in the absence of such principles, in conformity with the law applicable by virtue of the rules of private international law.
第八条
(1)为本公约的目的，一方当事人所作的声明和其它行为，应依照他的意旨解释，如果另一方当事人已知道或者不可能不知道此一意旨。
(2)如果上一款的规定不适用，当事人所作的声明和其它行为，应按照一个与另一方当事人同等资格、通情达理的人处于相同情况中，应有的理解来解释。
(3)在确定一方当事人的意旨或一个通情达理的人应有的理解时，应适当地考虑到与事实有关的一切情况，包括谈判情形、当事人之间确立的任何习惯作法、惯例和当事人其后的任何行为。
article 8
(1) for the purposes of this convention statements made by and other conduct of a party are to be interpreted according to his intent where the other party knew or could not have been unaware what that intent was.
(2) if the preceding paragraph is not applicable, statements made by and other conduct of a party are to be interpreted according to the understanding that a reasonable person of the same kind as the other party would have had in the same circumstances.
(3) in determining the intent of a party or the understanding a reasonable person would have had, due consideration is to be given to all relevant circumstances of the case including the negotiations, any practices which the parties have established between themselves, usages and any subsequent conduct of the parties.
第九条
(1)双方当事人业已同意的任何惯例和他们之间确立的任何习惯做法，对双方当事人均有约束力。
(2)除非另有协议，双方当事人应视为已默示地同意对他们的合同或合同的订立适用双方当事人已知道或理应知道的惯例，而这种惯例，在国际贸易上，已为有关特定贸易所涉同类合同的当事人所广泛知道并为他们所经常遵守。
article 9
(1) the parties are bound by any usage to which they have agreed and by any practices which they have established between themselves.
(2) the parties are considered, unless otherwise agreed, to have impliedly made applicable to their contract or its formation a usage of which the parties knew or ought to have known and which in international trade is widely known to, and regularly observed by, parties to contracts of the type involved in the particular trade concerned.
第十条
为本公约的目的：
(a)如果当事人有一个以上的营业地，则以与合同及合同的履行关系最密切的营业地为其营业地，但要考虑到双方当事人在订立合同前任何时候或订立合同时所知道或所设想的情况;
(b)如果当事人没有营业地，则以其惯常居住地为准。
article 10
for the purposes of this convention:
(a) if a party has more than one place of business, the place of business is that which has the closest relationship to the contract and its performance, having regard to the circumstances known to or contemplated by the parties at any time before or at the conclusion of the contract;
(b) if a party does not have a place of business, reference is to be made to his habitual residence.
第十一条
销售合同无须以书面订立或书面证明，在形式方面也不受任何其它条件的限制。销售合同可以用包括人证在内的任何方法证明。
article 11
a contract of sale need not be concluded in or evidenced by writing and is not subject to any other requirement as to form. it may be proved by any means, including witnesses.
第十二条
本公约第十一条、第二十九条或第二部分准许销售合同或其更改或根据协议终止，或者任何发价、接受或其它意旨表示得以书面以外任何形式做出的任何规定不适用，如果任何一方当事人的营业地是在已按照本公约第九十六条做出了声明的一个缔约国内，各当事人不得减损本条或改变其效力。
article 12
any provision of article 11, article 29 or part ii of this convention that allows a contract of sale or its modification or termination by agreement or any offer, acceptance or other indication of intention to be made in any form other than in writing does not apply where any party has his place of business in a contracting state which has made a declaration under article 96 of this convention. the parties may not derogate from or vary the effect or this article.
第十三条
为本公约的目的，“书面”包括电报和电传。
article 13
for the purposes of this convention 'writing' includes telegram and telex.
第二部分 合同的订立
part ii-formation of the contract
第十四条
(1)向一个或一个以上特定的人提出的订立合同的建议，如果十分确定并且表明发价人在得到接受时承受约束的意旨，即构成发价。一个建议如果写明货物并且明示或暗示地规定数量和价格或规定如何确定数量和价格，即为十分确定。
(2)非向一个或一个以上特定的人提出的建议，仅应视为邀请做出发价，除非提出建议的人明确地表示相反的意向。
article 14
(1) a proposal for concluding a contract addressed to one or more specific persons constitutes an offer if it is sufficiently definite and indicates the intention of the offeror to be bound in case of acceptance. a proposal is sufficiently definite if it indicates the goods and expressly or implicitly fixes or makes provision for determining the quantity and the price.
(2) a proposal other than one addressed to one or more specific persons is to be considered merely as an invitation to make offers, unless the contrary is clearly indicated by the person making the proposal.
第十五条
(1)发价于送达被发价人时生效。
(2)一项发价，即使是不可撤销的，得予撤回，如果撤回通知于发价送达被发价人之前或同时，送达被发价人。
article 15
(1) an offer becomes effective when it reaches the offeree.
(2) an offer, even if it is irrevocable, may be withdrawn if the withdrawal reaches the offeree before or at the same time as the offer.
第十六条
(1)在未订立合同之前，发价得予撤销，如果撤销通知于被发价人发出接受通知之前送达被发价人。
(2)但在下列情况下，发价不得撤销：
(a)发价写明接受发价的期限或以其它方式表示发价是不可撤销的;或
(b)被发价人有理由信赖该项发价是不可撤销的，而且被发价人已本着对该项发价的信赖行事。
article 16
(1) until a contract is concluded an offer may be revoked if the revocation reaches the offeree before he has dispatched an acceptance.
(2) however, an offer cannot be revoked:
(a) if it indicates, whether by stating a fixed time for acceptance or otherwise, that it is irrevocable; or
(b) if it was reasonable for the offeree to rely on the offer as being irrevocable and the offeree has acted in reliance on the offer.
第十七条
一项发价，即使是不可撤销的，于拒绝通知送达发价人时终止。
article 17
an offer, even if it is irrevocable, is terminated when a rejection reaches the offeror.
第十八条
(1)被发价人声明或做出其它行为表示同意一项发价，即是接受，缄默或不行动本身不等于接受。
(2)接受发价于表示同意的通知送达发价人时生效。如果表示同意的通知在发价人所规定的时间内，如未规定时间，在一段合理的时间内，未曾送达发价人，接受就成为无效，但须适当地考虑到交易的情况，包括发价人所使用的通讯方法的迅速程序。对口头发价必须立即接受，但情况有别者不在此限。
(3)但若根据该项发价或依当事人之间确立的习惯作法和惯例，被发价人可以做出某种行为，例如与发运货物或支付价款有关的行为，来表示同意，而无须向发价人发出通知，则接受于该项行为做出时生效，但该项行为必须在上一款所规定的期间内做出。
article 18
(1) a statement made by or other conduct of the offeree indicating assent to an offer is an acceptance. silence or inactivity does not in itself amount to acceptance.
(2) an acceptance of an offer becomes effective at the moment the indication of assent reaches the offeror. an acceptance is not effective if the indication of assent does not reach the offeror within the time he has fixed or, if no time is fixed, within a reasonable time, due account being taken of the circumstances of the transaction, including the rapidity of the means of communication employed by the offeror. an oral offer must be accepted immediately unless the circumstances indicate otherwise.
(3) however, if, by virtue of the offer or as a result of practices which the parties have established between themselves or of usage, the offeree may indicate assent by performing an act, such as one relating to the dispatch of the goods or payment of the price, without notice to the offeror, the acceptance is effective at the moment the act is performed, provided that the act is performed within the period of time laid down in the preceding paragraph.
第十九条
(1)对发价表示接受但载有添加、限制或其它更改的答复，即为拒绝该项发价，并构成还价。
(2)但是，对发价表示接受但载有添加或不同条件的答复，如所载的添加或不同条件在实质上并不变更该项发价的条件，除发价人在不过分迟延的期间内以口头或书面通知反对其间的差异外，仍构成接受。如果发价人不做出这种反对，合同的条件就以该项发价的条件以及接受通知内所载的更改为准。
(3)有关货物价格、付款、货物质量和数量、交货地点和时间、一方当事人对另一方当事人的赔偿责任范围或解决争端等等的添加或不同条件，均视为在实质上变更发价的条件。
article 19
(1) a reply to an offer which purports to be an acceptance but contains additions, limitations or other modifications is a rejection of the offer and constitutes a counter-offer.
(2) however, a reply to an offer which purports to be an acceptance but contains additional or different terms which do not materially alter the terms of the offer constitutes an acceptance, unless the offeror, without undue delay, objects orally to the discrepancy or dispatches a notice to that effect. if he does not so object, the terms of the contract are the terms of the offer with the modifications contained in the acceptance.
(3) additional or different terms relating, among other things, to the price, payment, quality and quantity of the goods, place and time of delivery, extent of one party's liability to the other or the settlement of disputes are considered to alter the terms of the offer materially.
第二十条
(1)发价人在电报或信件内规定的接受期间，从电报交发时刻或信上载明的发信日期起算，如信上未载明发信日期，则从信封上所载日期起算。发价人以电话、电传或其它快速通讯方法规定的接受期间，从发价送达被发价人时起算。
(2)在计算接受期间时，接受期间内的正式假日或非营业日应计算在内。但是，如果接受通知在接受期间的最后1天未能送到发价人地址，因为那天在发价人营业地是正式假日或非营业日，则接受期间应顺延至下一个营业日。
article 20
(1) a period of time for acceptance fixed by the offeror in a telegram or a letter begins to run from the moment the telegram is handed in for dispatch or from the date shown on the letter or, if no such date is shown, from the date shown on the envelope. a period of time for acceptance fixed by the offeror by telephone, telex or other means of instantaneous communication, begins to run from the moment that the offer reaches the offeree.
(2) official holidays or non-business days occurring during the period for acceptance are included in calculating the period. however, if a notice of acceptance cannot be delivered at the address of the offeror on the last day of the period because that day falls on an official holiday or a non-business day at the place of business of the offeror, the period is extended until the first business day which follows.
第二十一条
(1)逾期接受仍有接受的效力，如果发价人毫不迟延地用口头或书面将此种意见通知被发价人。
(2)如果载有逾期接受的信件或其它书面文件表明，它是在传递正常、能及时送达发价人的情况下寄发的，则该项逾期接受具有接受的效力，除非发价人毫不迟延地用口头或书面通知被发价人：他认为他的发价已经失效。
article 21
(1) a late acceptance is nevertheless effective as an acceptance if without delay the offeror orally so informs the offeree or dispatches a notice to that effect.
(2) if a letter or other writing containing a late acceptance shows that it has been sent in such circumstances that if its transmission had been normal it would have reached the offeror in due time, the late acceptance is effective as an acceptance unless, without delay, the offeror orally informs the offeree that he considers his offer as having lapsed or dispatches a notice to that effect.
第二十二条
接受得予撤回，如果撤回通知于接受原应生效之前或同时，送达发价人。
article 22
an acceptance may be withdrawn if the withdrawal reaches the offeror before or at the same time as the acceptance would have become effective.
第二十三条
合同于按照本公约规定对发价的接受生效时订立。
article 23
a contract is concluded at the moment when an acceptance of an offer becomes effective in accordance with the provisions of this convention.
第二十四条
为公约本部分的目的，发价、接受声明或任何其它意旨表示“送达”对方，系指用口头通知对方或通过任何其它方法送交对方本人，或其营业地或通讯地址，如无营业地或通讯地址，则送交对方惯常居住地。
article 24
for the purposes of this part of the convention, an offer, declaration of acceptance or any other indication of intention 'reaches' the addressee when it is made orally to him or delivered by any other means to him personally, to his place of business or mailing address or, if he does not have a place of business or mailing address, to his habitual residence.
第三部分 货物销售
part iii-sale of goods
第一章 总则
chapter i-general provisions
第二十五条
一方当事人违反合同的结果，如使另一方当事人蒙受损害，以致于实际上剥夺了他根据合同规定有权期待得到的东西，即为根本违反合同，除非违反合同一方并不预知而且一个同等资格、通情达理的人处于相同情况中也没有理由预知会发生这种结果。
article 25
a breach of contract committed by one of the parties is fundamental if it results in such detriment to the other party as substantially to deprive him of what he is entitled to expect under the contract, unless the party in breach did not foresee and a reasonable person of the same kind in the same circumstances would not have foreseen such a result.
第二十六条
宣告合同无效的声明，必须向另一方当事人发出通知，方始有效。
article 26
a declaration of avoidance of the contract is effective only if made by notice to the other party.
第二十七条
除非公约本部分另有明文规定，当事人按照本部分的规定，以适合情况的方法发出任何通知、要求或其它通知后，这种通知如在传递上发生耽搁或错误，或者未能到达，并不使该当事人丧失依靠该项通知的权利。
article 27
unless otherwise expressly provided in this part of the convention, if any notice, request or other communication is given or made by a party in accordance with this part and by means appropriate in the circumstances, a delay or error in the transmission of the communication or its failure to arrive does not deprive that party of the right to rely on the communication.
第二十八条
若按照本公约的规定，一方当事人有权要求另一方当事人履行某一义务，法院没有义务做出判决，要求具体履行此一义务，除非法院依照其本身的法律对不属本公约范围的类似销售合同愿意这样做。
article 28
if, in accordance with the provisions of this convention, one party is entitled to require performance of any obligation by the other party, a court is not bound to enter a judgement for specific performance unless the court would do so under its own law in respect of similar contracts of sale not governed by this convention.
第二十九条
(1)合同只需双方当事人协议，就可更改或终止。
(2)规定任何更改或根据协议终止必须以书面做出的书面合同，不得以任何其它方式更改或根据协议终止。但是，一方当事人的行为，如经另一方当事人寄以信赖，就不得坚持此项规定。
article 29
(1) a contract may be modified or terminated by the mere agreement of the parties.
(2) a contract in writing which contains a provision requiring any modification or termination by agreement to be in writing may not be otherwise modified or terminated by agreement. however, a party may be precluded by his conduct from asserting such a provision to the extent that the other party has relied on that conduct.
第二章 卖方的义务
chapter ii-obligations of the seller
第三十条
卖方必须按照合同和本公约的规定，交付货物，移交一切与货物有关的单据并转移货物所有权。
article 30
the seller must deliver the goods, hand over any documents relating to them and transfer the property in the goods, as required by the contract and this convention.
第一节 交付货物和移交单据
section i-delivery of the goods and handing over of documents
第三十一条
如果卖方没有义务要在任何其它特定地点交付货物，他的交货义务如下：
(a)如果销售合同涉及到货物的运输，卖方应把货物移交给第一承运人，以运交给买方;
(b)在不属于上款规定的情况下，如果合同指的是特定货物或从特定存货中提取的或尚待制造或生产的未经特定化的货物，而双方当事人在订立合同时已知道这些货物是在某一特定地点，或将在某一特定地点制造或生产，卖方应在该地点把货物交给买方处置;
(c)在其它情况下，卖方应在他于订立合同时的营业地把货物交给买方处置。
article 31
if the seller is not bound to deliver the goods at any other particular place, his obligation to deliver consists:
(a) if the contract of sale involves carriage of the goods - in handing the goods over to the first carrier for transmission to the buyer;
(b) if, in cases not within the preceding subparagraph, the contract related to specific goods, or unidentified goods to be drawn from a specific stock or to be manufactured or produced, and at the time of the conclusion of the contract the parties knew that the goods were at, or were to be manufactured or produced at, a particular place - in placing the goods at the buyer's disposal at that place;
(c) in other cases - in placing the goods at the buyer's disposal at the place where the seller had his place of business at the time of the conclusion of the contract.
第三十二条
(1)若卖方按合同或本公约的规定将货物交付给承运人，但货物没有以货物上加标记、或以装运单据或其它方式清楚地注明有关合同，卖方必须向买方发出列明货物的发货通知。
(2)若卖方有义务安排货物的运输，他必须订立必要的合同，以按通常运输条件，用适合情况的运输工具，把货物运到指定地点。
(3)若卖方无义务对货物的运输办理保险，他必须在买方提出要求时，向买方提供一切现有的必要资料，使他能够办理这种保险。
article 32
(1) if the seller, in accordance with the contract or this convention, hands the goods over to a carrier and if the goods are not clearly identified to the contract by markings on the goods, by shipping documents or otherwise, the seller must give the buyer notice of the consignment specifying the goods.
(2) if the seller is bound to arrange for carriage of the goods, he must make such contracts as are necessary for carriage to the place fixed by means of transportation appropriate in the circumstances and according to the usual terms for such transportation.
(3) if the seller is not bound to effect insurance in respect of the carriage of the goods, he must, at the buyer's request, provide him with all available information necessary to enable him to effect such insurance.
第三十三条
卖方必须按以下规定的日期交付货物：
(a)如果合同规定有日期，或从合同可以确定日期，应在该日期交货;
(b)如果合同规定有一段时间，或从合同可以确定一段时间，除非情况表明应由买方选定一个日期外，应在该段时间内任何时候交货;或者
(c)在其它情况下，应在订立合同后一段合理时间内交货。
article 33
the seller must deliver the goods:
(a) if a date is fixed by or determinable from the contract, on that date;
(b) if a period of time is fixed by or determinable from the contract, at any time within that period unless circumstances indicate that the buyer is to choose a date; or
(c) in any other case, within a reasonable time after the conclusion of the contract.
第三十四条
如果卖方有义务移交与货物有关的单据，他必须按照合同所规定的时间、地点和方式移交这些单据。如果卖方在那个时间以前已移交这些单据，他可以在那个时间到达前纠正单据中任何不符合同规定的情形，但是，此一权利的行使不得使买方遭受不合理的不便或承担不合理的开支。但是，买方保留本公约所规定的要求损害赔偿的任何权利。
article 34
if the seller is bound to hand over documents relating to the goods, he must hand them over at the time and place and in the form required by the contract. if the seller has handed over documents before that time, he may, up to that time, cure any lack of conformity in the documents, if the exercise of this right does not cause the buyer unreasonable inconvenience or unreasonable expense. however, the buyer retains any right to claim damages as provided for in this convention.
第二节 货物相符与第三方要求
section ii-conformity of the goods and third party claims
第三十五条
(1)卖方交付的货物必须与合同所规定的数量、质量和规格相符，并须按照合同所规定的方式装箱或包装。
(2)除双方当事人业已另有协议外，货物除非符合以下规定，否则即为与合同不符：
(a)货物适用于同一规格货物通常使用的目的;
(b)货物适用于订立合同时曾明示或默示地通知卖方的任何特定目的，除非情况表明买方并不依赖卖方的技能和判断力，或者这种依赖对他是不合理的;
(c)货物的质量与卖方向买方提供的货物样品或样式相同;
(d)货物按照同类货物通用的方式装箱或包装，如果没有此种通用方式，则按足以保全和保护货物的方式装箱或包装。
(3)如果买方在订立合同时知道或不可能不知道货物不符合同，卖方就无须按上一款(a)项至(d)项负有此种不符合同的责任。
article 35
(1) the seller must deliver goods which are of the quantity, quality and description required by the contract and which are contained or packaged in the manner required by the contract.
(2) except where the parties have agreed otherwise, the goods do not conform with the contract unless they:
(a) are fit for the purposes for which goods of the same description would ordinarily be used;
(b) are fit for any particular purpose expressly or impliedly made known to the seller at the time of the conclusion of the contract, except where the circumstances show that the buyer did not rely, or that it was unreasonable for him to rely, on the seller's skill and judgement;
(c) possess the qualities of goods which the seller has held out to the buyer as a sample or model;
(d) are contained or packaged in the manner usual for such goods or, where there is no such manner, in a manner adequate to preserve and protect the goods.
(3) the seller is not liable under subparagraphs (a) to (d) of the preceding paragraph for any lack of conformity of the goods if at the time of the conclusion of the contract the buyer knew or could not have been unaware of such lack of conformity.
第三十六条
(1)卖方应按照合同和本公约的规定，对风险移转到买方时所存在的任何不符合同情形，负有责任，即使这种不符合同情形在该时间后方始明显。
(2)卖方对在上一款所述时间后发生的任何不符合同情形，也应负有责任，如果这种不符合同情形是由于卖方违反他的某项义务所致，包括违反关于在一段时间内货物将继续适用于其通常使用的目的或某种特定目的，或将保持某种特定质量或性质的任何保证。
article 36
(1) the seller is liable in accordance with the contract and this convention for any lack of conformity which exists at the time when the risk passes to the buyer, even though the lack of conformity becomes apparent only after that time.
(2) the seller is also liable for any lack of conformity which occurs after the time indicated in the preceding paragraph and which is due to a breach of any of his obligations, including a breach of any guarantee that for a period of time the goods will remain fit for their ordinary purpose or for some particular purpose or will retain specified qualities or characteristics.
第三十七条
如果卖方在交货日期前交付货物，他可以在那个日期到达前，交付任何缺漏部分或补足所交付货物的不足数量，或交付用以替换所交付不符合同规定的货物，或对所交付货物中任何不符合同规定的情形做出补救，但是，此一权利的行使不得使买方遭受不合理的不便或承担不合理的开支。但是，买方保留本公约所规定的要求损害赔偿的任何权利。
article 37
if the seller has delivered goods before the date for delivery, he may, up to that date, deliver any missing part or make up any deficiency in the quantity of the goods delivered, or deliver goods in replacement of any non-conforming goods delivered or remedy any lack of conformity in the goods delivered, provided that the exercise of this right does not cause the buyer unreasonable inconvenience or unreasonable expense. however, the buyer retains any right to claim damages as provided for in this convention.
第三十八条
(1)买方必须在按情况实际可行的最短时间内检验货物或由他人检验货物。
(2)如果合同涉及到货物的运输，检验可推迟到货物到达目的地后进行。
(3)如果货物在运输途中改运或买方须再发运货物，没有合理机会加以检验，而卖方在订立合同时已知道或理应知道这种改运或再发运的可能性，检验可推迟到货物到达新目的地后进行。
article 38
(1) the buyer must examine the goods, or cause them to be examined, within as short a period as is practicable in the circumstances.
(2) if the contract involves carriage of the goods, examination may be deferred until after the goods have arrived at their destination.
(3) if the goods are redirected in transit or redispatched by the buyer without a reasonable opportunity for examination by him and at the time of the conclusion of the contract the seller knew or ought to have known of the possibility of such redirection or redispatch, examination may be deferred until after the goods have arrived at the new destination.
第三十九条
(1)买方对货物不符合同，必须在发现或理应发现不符情形后一段合理时间内通知卖方，说明不符合同情形的性质，否则就丧失声称货物不符合同的权利。
(2)无论如何，如果买方不在实际收到货物之日起两年内将货物不符合同情形通知卖方，他就丧失声称货物不符合同的权利，除非这一时限与合同规定的保证期限不符。
article 39
(1) the buyer loses the right to rely on a lack of conformity of the goods if he does not give notice to the seller specifying the nature of the lack of conformity within a reasonable time after he has discovered it or ought to have discovered it.
(2) in any event, the buyer loses the right to rely on a lack of conformity of the goods if he does not give the seller notice thereof at the latest within a period of two years from the date on which the goods were actually handed over to the buyer, unless this time-limit is inconsistent with a contractual period of guarantee.
第四十条
如果货物不符合同规定指的是卖方已知道或不可能不知道而又没有告知买方的一些事实，则卖方无权援引第三十八条和第三十九条的规定。
article 40
the seller is not entitled to rely on the provisions of articles 38 and 39 if the lack of conformity relates to facts of which he knew or could not have been unaware and which he did not disclose to the buyer.
第四十一条
卖方所交付的货物，必须是第三方不能提出任何权利或要求的货物，除非买方同意在这种权利或要求的条件下，收取货物。但是，如果这种权利或要求是以工业产权或其它知识产权为基础的，卖方的义务应依照第四十二条的规定。
article 41
the seller must deliver goods which are free from any right or claim of a third party, unless the buyer agreed to take the goods subject to that right or claim. however, if such right or claim is based on industrial property or other intellectual property, the seller's obligation is governed by article 42.
第四十二条
(1)卖方所交付的货物，必须是第三方不能根据工业产权或其它知识产权主张任何权利或要求的货物，但以卖方在订立合同时已知道或不可能不知道的权利或要求为限，而且这种权利或要求根据以下国家的法律规定是以工业产权或其它知识产权为基础的：
(a)如果双方当事人在订立合同时预期货物将在某一国境内转售或做其它使用，则根据货物将在其境内转售或做其它使用的国家的法律;或者
(b)在任何其它情况下，根据买方营业地所在国家的法律。
(2)卖方在上一款中的义务不适用于以下情况：
(a)买方在订立合同时已知道或不可能不知道此项权利或要求;或者
(b)此项权利或要求的发生，是由于卖方要遵照买方所提供的技术图样、图案、程式或其它规格。
article 42
(1) the seller must deliver goods which are free from any right or claim of a third party based on industrial property or other intellectual property, of which at the time of the conclusion of the contract the seller knew or could not have been unaware, provided that the right or claim is based on industrial property or other intellectual property:
(a) under the law of the state where the goods will be resold or otherwise used, if it was contemplated by the parties at the time of the conclusion of the contract that the goods would be resold or otherwise used in that state; or
(b) in any other case, under the law of the state where the buyer has his place of business.
(2) the obligation of the seller under the preceding paragraph does not extend to cases where:
(a) at the time of the conclusion of the contract the buyer knew or could not have been unaware of the right or claim; or
(b) the right or claim results from the seller's compliance with technical drawings, designs, formulae or other such specifications furnished by the buyer.
第四十三条
(1)买方如果不在已知道或理应知道第三方的权利或要求后一段合理时间内，将此一权利或要求的性质通知卖方，就丧失援引第四十一条或第四十二条规定的权利。
(2)卖方如果知道第三方的权利或要求以及此一权利或要求的性质，就无权援引上一款的规定。
article 43
(1) the buyer loses the right to rely on the provisions of article 41 or article 42 if he does not give notice to the seller specifying the nature of the right or claim of the third party within a reasonable time after he has become aware or ought to have become aware of the right or claim.
(2) the seller is not entitled to rely on the provisions of the preceding paragraph if he knew of the right or claim of the third party and the nature of it.
第四十四条
尽管有第三十九条第(1)款和第四十三条第(1)款的规定，买方如果对他未发出所需的通知具备合理的理由，仍可按照第五十条规定减低价格，或要求利润损失以外的损害赔偿。
article 44
notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (1) of article 39 and paragraph (1) of article 43, the buyer may reduce the price in accordance with article 50 or claim damages, except for loss of profit, if he has a reasonable excuse for his failure to give the required notice.
第三节 卖方违反合同的补救办法
section iii-remedies for breach of contract by the seller
第四十五条
(1)如果卖方不履行他在合同和本公约中的任何义务，买方可以：
(a)行使第四十六条至第五十二条所规定的权利;
(b)按照第七十四条至第七十七条的规定，要求损害赔偿。
(2)买方可能享有的要求损害赔偿的任何权利，不因他行使采取其它补救办法的权利而丧失。
(3)如果买方对违反合同采取某种补救办法，法院或仲裁庭不得给予卖方宽限期。
article 45
(1) if the seller fails to perform any of his obligations under the contract or this convention, the buyer may:
(a) exercise the rights provided in articles 46 to 52;
(b) claim damages as provided in articles 74 to 77.
(2) the buyer is not deprived of any right he may have to claim damages by exercising his right to other remedies.
(3) no period of grace may be granted to the seller by a court or arbitral tribunal when the buyer resorts to a remedy for breach of contract.
第四十六条
(1)买方可以要求卖方履行义务，除非买方已采取与此一要求相抵触的某种补救办法。
(2)如果货物不符合同，买方只有在此种不符合同情形构成根本违反合同时，才可以要求交付替代货物，而且关于替代货物的要求，必须与依照第三十九条发出的通知同时提出，或者在该项通知发出后一段合理时间内提出。
(3)如果货物不符合同，买方可以要求卖方通过修理对不符合同之处做出补救，除非他考虑了所有情况之后，认为这样做是不合理的。修理的要求必须与依照第三十九条发出的通知同时提出，或者在该项通知发出后一段合理时间内提出。
article 46
(1) the buyer may require performance by the seller of his obligations unless the buyer has resorted to a remedy which is inconsistent with this requirement.
(2) if the goods do not conform with the contract, the buyer may require delivery of substitute goods only if the lack of conformity constitutes a fundamental breach of contract and a request for substitute goods is made either in conjunction with notice given under article 39 or within a reasonable time thereafter.
(3) if the goods do not conform with the contract, the buyer may require the seller to remedy the lack of conformity by repair, unless this is unreasonable having regard to all the circumstances. a request for repair must be made either in conjunction with notice given under article 39 or within a reasonable time thereafter.
第四十七条
(1)买方可以规定一段合理时限的额外时间，让卖方履行其义务。
(2)除非买方收到卖方的通知，声称他将不在所规定的时间内履行义务，买方在这段时间内不得对违反合同采取任何补救办法。但是，买方并不因此丧失他对迟延履行义务可能享有的要求损害赔偿的任何权利。
article 47
(1) the buyer may fix an additional period of time of reasonable length for performance by the seller of his obligations.
(2) unless the buyer has received notice from the seller that he will not perform within the period so fixed, the buyer may not, during that period, resort to any remedy for breach of contract. however, the buyer is not deprived thereby of any right he may have to claim damages for delay in performance.
第四十八条
(1)在第四十九条的条件下，卖方即使在交货日期之后，仍可自付费用，对任何不履行义务做出补救，但这种补救不得造成不合理的迟延，也不得使买方遭受不合理的不便，或无法确定卖方是否将偿付买方预付的费用。但是，买方保留本公约所规定的要求损害赔偿的任何权利。
(2)如果卖方要求买方表明他是否接受卖方履行义务，而买方不在一段合理时间内对此一要求做出答复，则卖方可以按其要求中所指明的时间履行义务。买方不得在该段时间内采取与卖方履行义务相抵触的任何补救办法。
(3)卖方表明他将在某一特定时间内履行义务的通知，应视为包括根据上一款规定要买方表明决定的要求在内。
(4)卖方按照本条第(2)和第(3)款做出的要求或通知，必须在买方收到后，始生效力。
article 48
(1) subject to article 49, the seller may, even after the date for delivery, remedy at his own expense any failure to perform his obligations, if he can do so without unreasonable delay and without causing the buyer unreasonable inconvenience or uncertainty of reimbursement by the seller of expenses advanced by the buyer. however, the buyer retains any right to claim damages as provided for in this convention.
(2) if the seller requests the buyer to make known whether he will accept performance and the buyer does not comply with the request within a reasonable time, the seller may perform within the time indicated in his request. the buyer may not, during that period of time, resort to any remedy which is inconsistent with performance by the seller.
(3) a notice by the seller that he will perform within a specified period of time is assumed to include a request, under the preceding paragraph, that the buyer make known his decision.
(4) a request or notice by the seller under paragraph (2) or (3) of this article is not effective unless received by the buyer.
第四十九条
(1)买方在以下情况下可以宣告合同无效：
(a)卖方不履行其在合同或本公约中的任何义务，等于根本违反合同;或
(b)如果发生不交货的情况，卖方不在买方按照第四十七条第(1)款规定的额外时间内交付货物，或卖方声明他将不在所规定的时间内交付货物。
(2)但是，如果卖方已交付货物，买方就丧失宣告合同无效的权利，除非：
(a)对于迟延交货，他在知道交货后一段合理时间内这样做;
(b)对于迟延交货以外的任何违反合同事情：
(一)他在已知道或理应知道这种违反合同后一段合理时间内这样做;或
(二)他在买方按照第四十七条第(1)款规定的任何额外时间满期后，或在卖方声明他将不在这一额外时间履行义务后一段合理时间内这样做;或
(三)他在卖方按照第四十八条第(2)款指明的任何额外时间满期后，或在买方声明他将不接受卖方履行义务后一段合理时间内这样做。
article 49
(1) the buyer may declare the contract avoided:
(a) if the failure by the seller to perform any of his obligations under the contract or this convention amounts to a fundamental breach of contract; or
(b) in case of non-delivery, if the seller does not deliver the goods within the additional period of time fixed by the buyer in accordance with paragraph (1) of article 47 or declares that he will not deliver within the period so fixed.
(2) however, in cases where the seller has delivered the goods, the buyer loses the right to declare the contract avoided unless he does so:
(a) in respect of late delivery, within a reasonable time after he has become aware that delivery has been made;
(b) in respect of any breach other than late delivery, within a reasonable time:
(i) after he knew or ought to have known of the breach;
(ii) after the expiration of any additional period of time fixed by the buyer in accordance with paragraph (1) of article 47, or after the seller has declared that he will not perform his obligations within such an additional period; or
(iii) after the expiration of any additional period of time indicated by the seller in accordance with paragraph (2) of article 48, or after the buyer has declared that he will not accept performance.
第五十条
如果货物不符合同，不论价款是否已付，买方都可以减低价格，减价按实际交付的货物在交货时的价值与符合合同的货物在当时的价值两者之间的比例计算。但是，如果卖方按照第三十七条或第四十八条的规定对任何不履行义务做出补救，或者买方拒绝接受卖方按照该两条规定履行义务，则买方不得减低价格。
article 50
if the goods do not conform with the contract and whether or not the price has already been paid, the buyer may reduce the price in the same proportion as the value that the goods actually delivered had at the time of the delivery bears to the value that conforming goods would have had at that time. however, if the seller remedies any failure to perform his obligations in accordance with article 37 or article 48 or if the buyer refuses to accept performance by the seller in accordance with those articles, the buyer may not reduce the price.
第五十一条
(1)如果卖方只交付一部分货物，或者交付的货物中只有一部分符合合同规定，第四十六条至第五十条的规定适用于缺漏部分及不符合同规定部分的货物。
(2)买方只有在完全不交付货物或不按照合同规定交付货物等于根本违反合同时，才可以宣告整个合同无效。
article 51
(1) if the seller delivers only a part of the goods or if only a part of the goods delivered is in conformity with the contract, articles 46 to 50 apply in respect of the part which is missing or which does not conform.
(2) the buyer may declare the contract avoided in its entirety only if the failure to make delivery completely or in conformity with the contract amounts to a fundamental breach of the contract.
第五十二条
(1)如果卖方在规定的日期前交付货物，买方可以收取货物，也可以拒绝收取货物。
(2)如果卖方交付的货物数量大于合同规定的数量，买方可以收取也可以拒绝收取多交部分的货物。如果买方收取多交部分货物的全部或一部分，他必须按合同价格付款。
article 52
(1) if the seller delivers the goods before the date fixed, the buyer may take delivery or refuse to take delivery.
(2) if the seller delivers a quantity of goods greater than that provided for in the contract, the buyer may take delivery or refuse to take delivery of the excess quantity. if the buyer takes delivery of all or part of the excess quantity, he must pay for it at the contract rate.
第三章 买方的义务
chapter iii-obligations of the buyer
第五十三条
买方必须按照合同和本公约规定支付货物价款和收取货物。
article 53
the buyer must pay the price for the goods and take delivery of them as required by the contract and this convention.
第一节 支付价款
section i-payment of the price
第五十四条
买方支付价款的义务包括根据合同或任何有关法律和规章规定的步骤和手续，以便支付价款。
article 54
the buyer's obligation to pay the price includes taking such steps and complying with such formalities as may be required under the contract or any laws and regulations to enable payment to be made.
第五十五条
如果合同已有效的订立，但没有明示或暗示地规定价格或规定如何确定价格，在没有任何相反表示的情况下，双方当事人应视为已默示地引用订立合同时此种货物在有关贸易的类似情况下销售的通常价格。
article 55
where a contract has been validly concluded but does not expressly or implicitly fix or make provision for determining the price, the parties are considered, in the absence of any indication to the contrary, to have impliedly made reference to the price generally charged at the time of the conclusion of the contract for such goods sold under comparable circumstances in the trade concerned.
第五十六条
如果价格是按货物的重量规定的，如有疑问，应按净重确定。
article 56
if the price is fixed according to the weight of the goods, in case of doubt it is to be determined by the net weight.
第五十七条
(1)如果买方没有义务在任何其它特定地点支付价款，他必须在以下地点向卖方支付价款：
(a)卖方的营业地;或者
(b)如凭移交货物或单据支付价款，则为移交货物或单据的地点。
(2)卖方必须承担因其营业地在订立合同后发生变动而增加的支付方面的有关费用。
article 57
(1) if the buyer is not bound to pay the price at any other particular place, he must pay it to the seller:
(a) at the seller's place of business; or
(b) if the payment is to be made against the handing over of the goods or of documents, at the place where the handing over takes place.
(2) the seller must bear any increases in the expenses incidental to payment which is caused by a change in his place of business subsequent to the conclusion of the contract.
第五十八条
(1)如果买方没有义务在任何其它特定时间内支付价款，他必须于卖方按照合同和本公约规定将货物或控制货物处置权的单据交给买方处置时支付价款。卖方可以支付价款作为移交货物或单据的条件。
(2)如果合同涉及到货物的运输，卖方可以在支付价款后方可把货物或控制货物处置权的单据移交给买方作为发运货物的条件。
(3)买方在未有机会检验货物前，无义务支付价款，除非这种机会与双方当事人议定的交货或支付程序相抵触。
article 58
(1) if the buyer is not bound to pay the price at any other specific time, he must pay it when the seller places either the goods or documents controlling their disposition at the buyer's disposal in accordance with the contract and this convention. the seller may make such payment a condition for handing over the goods or documents.
(2) if the contract involves carriage of the goods, the seller may dispatch the goods on terms whereby the goods, or documents controlling their disposition, will not be handed over to the buyer except against payment of the price.
(3) the buyer is not bound to pay the price until he has had an opportunity to examine the goods, unless the procedures for delivery or payment agreed upon by the parties are inconsistent with his having such an opportunity.
第五十九条
买方必须按合同和本公约规定的日期或从合同和本公约可以确定的日期支付价款，而无需卖方提出任何要求或办理任何手续。
article 59
the buyer must pay the price on the date fixed by or determinable from the contract and this convention without the need for any request or compliance with any formality on the part of the seller.
第二节 收取货物
section ii-taking delivery
第六十条
买方收取货物的义务如下：
(a)采取一切理应采取的行动，以期卖方能交付货物;和
(b)接收货物。
article 60
the buyer's obligation to take delivery consists:
(a) in doing all the acts which could reasonably be expected of him in order to enable the seller to make delivery; and
(b) in taking over the goods.
第三节 买方违反合同的补救办法
section iii-remedies for breach of contract by the buyer
第六十一条
(1)如果买方不履行他在合同和本公约中的任何义务，卖方可以：
(a)行使第六十二条至第六十五条所规定的权利;
(b)按照第七十四至第七十七条的规定，要求损害赔偿。
(2)卖方可能享有的要求损害赔偿的任何权利，不因他行使采取其它补救办法的权利而丧失。
(3)如果卖方对违反合同采取某种补救办法，法院或仲裁庭不得给予买方宽限期。
article 61
(1) if the buyer fails to perform any of his obligations under the contract or this convention, the seller may:
(a) exercise the rights provided in articles 62 to 65;
(b) claim damages as provided in articles 74 to 77.
(2) the seller is not deprived of any right he may have to claim damages by exercising his right to other remedies.
(3) no period of grace may be granted to the buyer by a court or arbitral tribunal when the seller resorts to a remedy for breach of contract.
第六十二条
卖方可以要求买方支付价款、收取货物或履行他的其它义务，除非卖方已采取与此一要求相低触的某种补救办法。
article 62
the seller may require the buyer to pay the price, take delivery or perform his other obligations, unless the seller has resorted to a remedy which is inconsistent with this requirement.
第六十三条
(1)卖方可以规定一段合理时限的额外时间，让买方履行义务。
(2)除非卖方收到买方的通知，声称他将不在所规定的时间内履行义务，卖方不得在这段时间内对违反合同采取任何补救办法。但是，卖方并不因此丧失他对迟延履行义务可能享有的要求损害赔偿的任何权利。
article 63
(1) the seller may fix an additional period of time of reasonable length for performance by the buyer of his obligations.
(2) unless the seller has received notice from the buyer that he will not perform within the period so fixed, the seller may not, during that period, resort to any remedy for breach of contract. however, the seller is not deprived thereby of any right he may have to claim damages for delay in performance.
第六十四条
(1)卖方在以下情况下可以宣告合同无效：
(a)买方不履行其在合同或本公约中的任何义务，等于根本违反合同;或
(b)买方不在卖方按照第六十三条第(1)款规定的额外时间内履行支付价款的义务或收取货物，或买方声明他将不在所规定的时间内这样做。
(2)但是，如果买方已支付价款，卖方就丧失宣告合同无效的权利，除非：
(a)对于买方迟延履行义务，他在知道买方履行义务前这样做;或者
(b)对于买方迟延履行义务以外的任何违反合同事情：
(一)他在已知道或理应知道这种违反合同后一段合理时间内这样做;或
(二)他在卖方按照第六十三条第(1)款规定的任何额外时间满期后或在买方声明他将不在这一额外时间内履行义务后一段合理时间内这样做。
article 64
(1) the seller may declare the contract avoided:
(a) if the failure by the buyer to perform any of his obligations under the contract or this convention amounts to a fundamental breach of contract; or
(b) if the buyer does not, within the additional period of time fixed by the seller in accordance with paragraph (1) of article 63, perform his obligation to pay the price or take delivery of the goods, or if he declares that he will not do so within the period so fixed.
(2) however, in cases where the buyer has paid the price, the seller loses the right to declare the contract avoided unless he does so:
(a) in respect of late performance by the buyer, before the seller has become aware that performance has been rendered; or
(b) in respect of any breach other than late performance by the buyer, within a reasonable time:
(i) after the seller knew or ought to have known of the breach; or
(ii) after the expiration of any additional period of time fixed by the seller in accordance with paragraph (1) or article 63, or after the buyer has declared that he will not perform his obligations within such an additional period.
第六十五条
(1)如果买方应根据合同规定订明货物的形状、大小或其它特征，而他在议定的日期或在收到卖方的要求后一段合理时间内没有订明这些规格，则卖方在不损害其可能享有的任何其它权利的情况下，可以依照他所知的买方的要求，自己订明规格。
(2)如果卖方自己订明规格，他必须把订明规格的细节通知买方，而且必须规定一段合理时间，让买方可以在该段时间内订出不同的规格。如果买方在收到这种通知后没有在该段时间内这样做，卖方所订的规格就具有约束力。
article 65
(1) if under the contract the buyer is to specify the form, measurement or other features of the goods and he fails to make such specification either on the date agreed upon or within a reasonable time after receipt of a request from the seller, the seller may, without prejudice to any other rights he may have, make the specification himself in accordance with the requirements of the buyer that may be known to him.
(2) if the seller makes the specification himself, he must inform the buyer of the details thereof and must fix a reasonable time within which the buyer may make a different specification. if, after receipt of such a communication, the buyer fails to do so within the time so fixed, the specification made by the seller is binding.
第四章 风险移转
chapter iv-passing of risk
第六十六条
货物在风险移转到买方承担后遗失或损坏，买方支付价款的义务并不因此解除，除非这种遗失或损坏是由于卖方的行为或不行为所造成。
article 66
loss of or damage to the goods after the risk has passed to the buyer does not discharge him from his obligation to pay the price, unless the loss or damage is due to an act or omission of the seller.
第六十七条
(1)如果销售合同涉及到货物的运输，但卖方没有义务在某一特定地点交付货物，自货物按照销售合同交付给第一承运人以转交给买方时起，风险就移转到买方承担。如果卖方有义务在某一特定地点把货物交付给承运人，在货物于该地点交付给承运人以前，风险不移转到买方承担。卖方受权保留控制货物处置权的单据，并不影响风险的移转。
(2)但是，在货物以货物上加标记、或以装运单据、或向买方发出通知或其它方式清楚地注明有关合同以前，风险不移转到买方承担。
article 67
(1) if the contract of sale involves carriage of the goods and the seller is not bound to hand them over at a particular place, the risk passes to the buyer when the goods are handed over to the first carrier for transmission to the buyer in accordance with the contract of sale. if the seller is bound to hand the goods over to a carrier at a particular place, the risk does not pass to the buyer until the goods are handed over to the carrier at that place. the fact that the seller is authorized to retain documents controlling the disposition of the goods does not affect the passage of the risk.
(2) nevertheless, the risk does not pass to the buyer until the goods are clearly identified to the contract, whether by markings on the goods, by shipping documents, by notice given to the buyer or otherwise.
第六十八条
对于在运输途中销售的货物，从订立合同时起，风险就移转到买方承担。但是，如果情况表明有此需要，从货物交付给签发载有运输合同单据的承运人时起，风险就由买方承担。尽管如此，如果卖方在订立合同时已知道或理应知道货物已经遗失或损坏，而他又不将这一事实告之买方，则这种遗失或损坏应由卖方负责。
article 68
the risk in respect of goods sold in transit passes to the buyer from the time of the conclusion of the contract. however, if the circumstances so indicate, the risk is assumed by the buyer from the time the goods were handed over to the carrier who issued the documents embodying the contract of carriage. nevertheless, if at the time of the conclusion of the contract of sale the seller knew or ought to have known that the goods had been lost or damaged and did not disclose this to the buyer, the loss or damage is at the risk of the seller.
第六十九条
(1)在不属于第六十七条和第六十八条规定的情况下，从买方接收货物时起，或如果买方不在适当时间内这样做，则从货物交给他处置但他不收取货物从而违反合同时起，风险移转到买方承担。
(2)但是，如果买方有义务在卖方营业地以外的某一地点接收货物，当交货时间已到而买方知道货物已在该地点交给他处置时，风险方始移转。
(3)如果合同指的是当时未加识别的货物，则这些货物在未清楚注明有关合同以前，不得视为已交给买方处置。
article 69
(1) in cases not within articles 67 and 68, the risk passes to the buyer when he takes over the goods or, if he does not do so in due time, from the time when the goods are placed at his disposal and he commits a breach of contract by failing to take delivery.
(2) however, if the buyer is bound to take over the goods at a place other than a place of business of the seller, the risk passes when delivery is due and the buyer is aware of the fact that the goods are placed at his disposal at that place.
(3) if the contract relates to goods not then identified, the goods are considered not to be placed at the disposal of the buyer until they are clearly identified to the contract.
第七十条
若卖方已根本违反合同，第六十七条、第六十八条和第六十九条的规定，不损害买方因此种违反合同而可以采取的各种补救办法。
article 70
if the seller has committed a fundamental breach of contract, articles 67, 68 and 69 do not impair the remedies available to the buyer on account of the breach.
第五章 卖方和买方义务的一般规定
chapter v-provisions common to the obligations of the seller and of the buyer
第一节 预期违反合同和分批交货合同
section i-anticipatory breach and instalment contracts
第七十一条
(1)如果订立合同后，另一方当事人由于下列原因显然将不履行其大部分重要义务，一方当事人可以中止履行义务：
(a)他履行义务的能力或他的信用有严重缺陷;或
(b)他在准备履行合同或履行合同中的行为。
(2)如果卖方在上一款所述的理由明显化以前已将货物发运，他可以阻止将货物交给买方，即使买方持有其有权获得货物的单据。本款规定只与买方和卖方间对货物的权利有关。
(3)中止履行义务的一方当事人不论是在货物发运前还是发运后，都必须立即通知另一方当事人，如经另一方当事人对履行义务提供充分保证，则他必须继续履行义务。
article 71
(1) a party may suspend the performance of his obligations if, after the conclusion of the contract, it becomes apparent that the other party will not perform a substantial part of his obligations as a result of:
(a) a serious deficiency in his ability to perform or in his creditworthiness; or
(b) his conduct in preparing to perform or in performing the contract.
(2) if the seller has already dispatched the goods before the grounds described in the preceding paragraph become evident, he may prevent the handing over of the goods to the buyer even though the buyer holds a document which entitles him to obtain them. the present paragraph relates only to the rights in the goods as between the buyer and the seller.
(3) a party suspending performance, whether before or after dispatch of the goods, must immediately give notice of the suspension to the other party and must continue with performance if the other party provides adequate assurance of his performance.
第七十二条
(1)如果在履行合同日期之前，明显看出一方当事人将根本违反合同，另一方当事人可以宣告合同无效。
(2)如果时间许可，打算宣告合同无效的一方当事人必须向另一方当事人发出合理的通知，使他可以对履行义务提供充分保证。
(3)如果另一方当事人已声明他将不履行其义务，则上一款的规定不适用。
article 72
(1) if prior to the date for performance of the contract it is clear that one of the parties will commit a fundamental breach of contract, the other party may declare the contract avoided.
(2) if time allows, the party intending to declare the contract avoided must give reasonable notice to the other party in order to permit him to provide adequate assurance of his performance.
(3) the requirements of the preceding paragraph do not apply if the other party has declared that he will not perform his obligations.
第七十三条
(1)对于分批交付货物的合同，如果一方当事人不履行对任何一批货物的义务，便对该批货物构成根本违反合同，则另一方当事人可以宣告合同对该批货物无效。
(2)如果一方当事人不履行对任何一批货物的义务，使另一方当事人有充分理由断定对今后各批货物将会发生根本违反合同，该另一方当事人可以在一段合理时间内宣告合同今后无效。
(3)买方宣告合同对任何一批货物的交付为无效时，可以同时宣告合同对已交付的或今后交付的各批货物均为无效，如果各批货物是互相依存的，不能单独用于双方当事人在订立合同时所设想的目的。
article 73
(1) in the case of a contract for delivery of goods by instalments, if the failure of one party to perform any of his obligations in respect of any instalment constitutes a fundamental breach of contract with respect to that instalment, the other party may declare the contract avoided with respect to that instalment.
(2) if one party's failure to perform any of his obligations in respect of any instalment gives the other party good grounds to conclude that a fundamental breach of contract will occur with respect to future instalments, he may declare the contract avoided for the future, provided that he does so within a reasonable time.
(3) a buyer who declares the contract avoided in respect of any delivery may, at the same time, declare it avoided in respect of deliveries already made or of future deliveries if, by reason of their interdependence, those deliveries could not be used for the purpose contemplated by the parties at the time of the conclusion of the contract.
第二节 损害赔偿
section ii-damages
第七十四条
一方当事人违反合同应负的损害赔偿额，应与另一方当事人因他违反合同而遭受的包括利润在内的损失额相等。这种损害赔偿不得超过违反合同一方在订立合同时，依照他当时已知道或理应知道的事实和情况，对违反合同预料到或理应预料到的可能损失。
article 74
damages for breach of contract by one party consist of a sum equal to the loss, including loss of profit, suffered by the other party as a consequence of the breach. such damages may not exceed the loss which the party in breach foresaw or ought to have foreseen at the time of the conclusion of the contract, in the light of the facts and matters of which he then knew or ought to have known, as a possible consequence of the breach of contract.
第七十五条
如果合同被宣告无效，而在宣告无效后一段合理时间内，买方已以合理方式购买替代货物，或者卖方已以合理方式把货物转卖，则要求损害赔偿的一方可以取得合同价格和替代货物交易价格之间的差额以及按照第七十四条规定可以取得的任何其他损害赔偿。
article 75
if the contract is avoided and if, in a reasonable manner and within a reasonable time after avoidance, the buyer has bought goods in replacement or the seller has resold the goods, the party claiming damages may recover the difference between the contract price and the price in the substitute transaction as well as any further damages recoverable under article 74.
第七十六条
(1)如果合同被宣告无效，而货物又有时价，要求损害赔偿的一方，如果没有根据第七十五条规定进行购买或转卖，则可以取得合同规定的价格和宣告合同无效时的时价之间的差额以及按照第七十四条规定可以取得的任何其它损害赔偿。但是，如果要求损害赔偿的一方在接收货物之后宣告合同无效，则应适用接收货物时的时价，而不适用宣告合同无效时的时价。
(2)为上一款的目的，时价指原应交付货物地点的现行价格，如果该地点没有时价，则指另一合理替代地点的价格，但应适当地考虑货物运费的差额。
article 76
(1) if the contract is avoided and there is a current price for the goods, the party claiming damages may, if he has not made a purchase or resale under article 75, recover the difference between the price fixed by the contract and the current price at the time of avoidance as well as any further damages recoverable under article 74. if, however, the party claiming damages has avoided the contract after taking over the goods, the current price at the time of such taking over shall be applied instead of the current price at the time of avoidance.
(2) for the purposes of the preceding paragraph, the current price is the price prevailing at the place where delivery of the goods should have been made or, if there is no current price at that place, the price at such other place as serves as a reasonable substitute, making due allowance for differences in the cost of transporting the goods.
第七十七条
声称另一方违反合同的一方，必须按情况采取合理措施，减轻由于该另一方违反合同而引起的损失，包括利润方面的损失。如果他不采取这种措施，违反合同一方可以要求从损害赔偿中扣除原可以减轻的损失数额。
article 77
a party who relies on a breach of contract must take such measures as are reasonable in the circumstances to mitigate the loss, including loss of profit, resulting from the breach. if he fails to take such measures, the party in breach may claim a reduction in the damages in the amount by which the loss should have been mitigated.
第三节 利息
section iii-interest
第七十八条
如果一方当事人没有支付价款或任何其它拖欠金额，另一方当事人有权对这些款额收取利息，但不妨碍要求按照第七十四条规定可以取得的损害赔偿。
article 78
if a party fails to pay the price or any other sum that is in arrears, the other party is entitled to interest on it, without prejudice to any claim for damages recoverable under article 74.
第四节 免责
section iv-exemptions
第七十九条
(1)当事人对不履行义务，不负责任，如果他能证明此种不履行义务，是由于某种非他所能控制的障碍，而且对于这种障碍，没有理由预期他在订立合同时能考虑到或能避免或克服它或它的后果。
(2)如果当事人不履行义务是由于他所雇用履行合同的全部或一部分规定的第三方不履行义务所致，该当事人只有在以下情况下才能免除责任：
(a)他按照上一款的规定应免除责任，和
(b)假如该项的规定也适用于他所雇用的人，这个人也同样会免除责任。
(3)本条所规定的免责对障碍存在的期间有效。
(4)不履行义务的一方必须将障碍及其对他履行义务能力的影响通知另一方。如果该项通知在不履行义务的一方已知道或理应知道此一障碍后一段合理时间内仍未为另一方收到，则他对由于另一方未收到通知而造成的损害应负赔偿责任。
(5)本条规定不妨碍任何一方行使本公约规定的要求损害赔偿以外的任何权利。
article 79
(1) a party is not liable for a failure to perform any of his obligations if he proves that the failure was due to an impediment beyond his control and that he could not reasonably be expected to have taken the impediment into account at the time of the conclusion of the contract or to have avoided or overcome it or its consequences.
(2) if the party's failure is due to the failure by a third person whom he has engaged to perform the whole or a part of the contract, that party is exempt from liability only if:
(a) he is exempt under the preceding paragraph; and
(b) the person whom he has so engaged would be so exempt if the provisions of that paragraph were applied to him.
(3) the exemption provided by this article has effect for the period during which the impediment exists.
(4) the party who fails to perform must give notice to the other party of the impediment and its effect on his ability to perform. if the notice is not received by the other party within a reasonable time after the party who fails to perform knew or ought to have known of the impediment, he is liable for damages resulting from such non-receipt.
(5) nothing in this article prevents either party from exercising any right other than to claim damages under this convention.
第八十条
一方当事人因其行为或不行为而使得另一方当事人不履行义务时，不得声称该另一方当事人不履行义务。
article 80
a party may not rely on a failure of the other party to perform, to the extent that such failure was caused by the first party's act or omission.
第五节 宣告合同无效的效果
section v-effects of avoidance
第八十一条
(1)宣告合同无效解除了双方在合同中的义务，但应负责的任何损害赔偿仍应负责。宣告合同无效不影响合同关于解决争端的任何规定，也不影响合同中关于双方在宣告合同无效后权利和义务的任何其它规定。
(2)已全部或局部履行合同的一方，可以要求另一方归还他按照合同供应的货物或支付的价款，如果双方都须归还，他们必须同时这样做。
article 81
(1) avoidance of the contract releases both parties from their obligations under it, subject to any damages which may be due. avoidance does not affect any provision of the contract for the settlement of disputes or any other provision of the contract governing the rights and obligations of the parties consequent upon the avoidance of the contract.
(2) a party who has performed the contract either wholly or in part may claim restitution from the other party of whatever the first party has supplied or paid under the contract. if both parties are bound to make restitution, they must do so concurrently.
第八十二条
(1)买方如果不可能按实际收到货物的原状归还货物，他就丧失宣告合同无效或要求卖方交付替代货物的权利。
(2)上一款的规定不适用于以下情况：
(a)如果不可能归还货物或不可能按实际收到货物的原状归还货物，并非由于买方的行为或不行为所造成;或者
(b)如果货物或其中一部分的毁灭或变坏，是由于按照第三十八条规定进行检验所致;或者
(c)如果货物或其中一部分，在买方发现或理应发现与合同不符以前，已为买方在正常营业过程中售出，或在正常使用过程中消费或改变。
article 82
(1) the buyer loses the right to declare the contract avoided or to require the seller to deliver substitute goods if it is impossible for him to make restitution of the goods substantially in the condition in which he received them.
(2) the preceding paragraph does not apply:
(a) if the impossibility of making restitution of the goods or of making restitution of the goods substantially in the condition in which the buyer received them is not due to his act or omission;
(b) if the goods or part of the goods have perished or deteriorated as a result of the examination provided for in article 38; or
(c) if the goods or part of the goods have been sold in the normal course of business or have been consumed or transformed by the buyer in the course normal use before he discovered or ought to have discovered the lack of conformity.
第八十三条
买方虽然依第八十二条规定丧失宣告合同无效或要求卖方交付替代货物的权利，但是根据合同和本公约规定，他仍保有采取一切其它补救办法的权利。
article 83
a buyer who has lost the right to declare the contract avoided or to require the seller to deliver substitute goods in accordance with article 82 retains all other remedies under the contract and this convention.
第八十四条
(1)如果卖方有义务归还价款，他必须同时从支付价款之日起支付价款利息。
(2)在以下情况下，买方必须向卖方说明他从货物或其中一部分得到的一切利益：
(a)如果他必须归还货物或其中一部分;或者
(b)如果他不可能归还全部或一部分货物，或不可能按实际收到货物的原状归还全部或一部分货物，但他已宣告合同无效或已要求卖方支付替代货物。
article 84
(1) if the seller is bound to refund the price, he must also pay interest on it, from the date on which the price was paid.
(2) the buyer must account to the seller for all benefits which he has derived from the goods or part of them:
(a) if he must make restitution of the goods or part of them; or
(b) if it is impossible for him to make restitution of all or part of the goods or to make restitution of all or part of the goods substantially in the condition in which he received them, but he has nevertheless declared the contract avoided or required the seller to deliver substitute goods.
第六节 保全货物
section vi-preservation of the goods
第八十五条
如果买方推迟收取货物，或在支付价款和交付货物应同时履行时，买方没有支付价款，而卖方仍拥有这些货物或仍能控制这些货物的处置权，卖方必须按情况采取合理措施，以保全货物。他有权保有这些货物，直至买方把他所付的合理费用偿还他为止。
article 85
if the buyer is in delay in taking delivery of the goods or, where payment of the price and delivery of the goods are to be made concurrently, if he fails to pay the price, and the seller is either in possession of the goods or otherwise able to control their disposition, the seller must take such steps as are reasonable in the circumstances to preserve them. he is entitled to retain them until he has been reimbursed his reasonable expenses by the buyer.
第八十六条
(1)如果买方已收到货物，但打算行使合同或本公约规定的任何权利，把货物退回，他必须按情况采取合理措施，以保全货物。他有权保有这些货物，直至卖方把他所付的合理费用偿还给他为止。
(2)如果发运给买方的货物已到达目的地，并交给买方处置，而买方行使退货权利，则买方必须代表卖方收取货物，除非他这样做需要支付价款而且会使他遭受不合理的不便或需承担不合理的费用。如果卖方或受权代表他掌管货物的人也在目的地，则此一规定不适用。如果买方根据本款规定收取货物，他的权利和义务与上一款所规定的相同。
article 86
(1) if the buyer has received the goods and intends to exercise any right under the contract or this convention to reject them, he must take such steps to preserve them as are reasonable in the circumstances. he is entitled to retain them until he has been reimbursed his reasonable expenses by the seller.
(2) if goods dispatched to the buyer have been placed at his disposal at their destination and he exercises the right to reject them, he must take possession of them on behalf of the seller, provided that this can be done without payment of the price and without unreasonable inconvenience or unreasonable expense. this provision does not apply if the seller or a person authorized to take charge of the goods on his behalf is present at the destination. if the buyer takes possession of the goods under this paragraph, his rights and obligations are governed by the preceding paragraph.
第八十七条
有义务采取措施以保全货物的一方当事人，可以把货物寄放在第三方的仓库，由另一方当事人担负费用，但该项费用必须合理。
article 87
a party who is bound to take steps to preserve the goods may deposit them in a warehouse of a third person at the expense of the other party provided that the expense incurred is not unreasonable.
第八十八条
(1)如果另一方当事人在收取货物或收回货物或支付价款或保全货物费用方面有不合理的迟延，按照第八十五条或第八十六条规定有义务保全货物的一方当事人，可以采取任何适当办法，把货物出售，但必须事前向另一方当事人发出合理的意向通知。
(2)如果货物易于迅速变坏，或者货物的保全牵涉到不合理的费用，则按照第八十五条或第八十六条规定有义务保全货物的一方当事人，必须采取合理措施，把货物出售，在可能的范围内，他必须把出售货物的打算通知另一方当事人。
(3)出售货物的一方当事人，有权从销售所得收入中扣回为保全货物和销售货物而付的合理费用。他必须向另一方当事人说明所余款项。
article 88
(1) a party who is bound to preserve the goods in accordance with article 85 or 86 may sell them by any appropriate means if there has been an unreasonable delay by the other party in taking possession of the goods or in taking them back or in paying the price or the cost of preservation, provided that reasonable notice of the intention to sell has been given to the other party.
(2) if the goods are subject to rapid deterioration or their preservation would involve unreasonable expense, a party who is bound to preserve the goods in accordance with article 85 or 86 must take reasonable measures to sell them. to the extent possible he must give notice to the other party of his intention to sell.
(3) a party selling the goods has the right to retain out of the proceeds of sale an amount equal to the reasonable expenses of preserving the goods and of selling them. he must account to the other party for the balance.
第四部分 最后条款
part iv-final provisions
第八十九条
兹指定联合国秘书长为本公约保管人。
article 89
the secretary-general of the united nations is hereby designated as the depositary for this convention.
第九十条
本公约不优于业已缔结或可以缔结并载有与属于本公约范围内事项有关的条款的任何国际协定，但以双方当事人的营业地均在这种协定的缔约国内为限。
article 90
this convention does not prevail over any international agreement which has already been or may be entered into and which contains provisions concerning the matters governed by this convention, provided that the parties have their places of business in states parties to such agreement.
第九十一条
(1)本公约在联合国国际货物销售合同会议闭幕会议上开放签字，并在纽约联合国总部继续开放签字，直至1981年9月30日为止。
(2)本公约须经签字国批准、接受或核准。
(3)本公约从开放签字之日起开放给所有非签字国加入。
(4)批准书、接受书、核准书和加入书应送交联合国秘书长存放。
article 91
(1) this convention is open for signature at the concluding meeting of the united nations conference on contracts for the international sale of goods and will remain open for signature by all states at the headquarters of the united nations, new york until 30 september 1981.
(2) this convention is subject to ratification, acceptance or approval by the signatory states.
(3) this convention is open for accession by all states which are not signatory states as from the date it is open for signature.
(4) instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval and accession are to be deposited with the secretary-general of the united nations.
第九十二条
(1)缔约国可在签字、批准、接受、核准或加入时声明他不受本公约第二部分的约束或不受本公约第三部分的约束。
(2)按照上一款规定就本公约第二部分或第三部分做出声明的缔约国，在该声明适用的部分所规定事项上，不得视为本公约第一条第(1)款范围内的缔约国。
article 92
(1) a contracting state may declare at the time of signature, ratification, acceptance, approval or accession that it will not be bound by part ii of this convention or that it will not be bound by part iii of this convention.
(2) a contracting state which makes a declaration in accordance with the preceding paragraph in respect of part ii or part iii of this convention is not to be considered a contracting state within paragraph (1) of article 1 of this convention in respect of matters governed by the part to which the declaration applies.
第九十三条
(1)如果缔约国具有两个或两个以上的领土单位，而依照该国宪法规定、各领土单位对本公约所规定的事项适用不同的法律制度，则该国得在签字、批准、接受、核准或加入时声明本公约适用于该国全部领土单位或仅适用于其中的一个或数个领土单位，并且可以随时提出另一声明来修改其所做的声明。
(2)此种声明应通知保管人，并且明确地说明适用本公约的领土单位。
(3)如果根据按本条做出的声明，本公约适用于缔约国的一个或数个但不是全部领土单位，而且一方当事人的营业地位于该缔约国内，则为本公约的目的，该营业地除非位于本公约适用的领土单位内，否则视为不在缔约国内。
(4)如果缔约国没有按照本条第(1)款做出声明，则本公约适用于该国所有领土单位。
article 93
(1) if a contracting state has two or more territorial units in which, according to its constitution, different systems of law are applicable in relation to the matters dealt with in this convention, it may, at the time of signature, ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, declare that this convention is to extend to all its territorial units or only to one or more of them, and may amend its declaration by submitting another declaration at any time.
(2) these declarations are to be notified to the depositary and are to state expressly the territorial units to which the convention extends.
(3) if, by virtue of a declaration under this article, this convention extends to one or more but not all of the territorial units of a contracting state, and if the place of business of a party is located in that state, this place of business, for the purposes of this convention, is considered not to be in a contracting state, unless it is in a territorial unit to which the convention extends.
(4) if a contracting state makes no declaration under paragraph (1) of this article, the convention is to extend to all territorial units of that state.
第九十四条
(1)对属于本公约范围的事项具有相同或非常近似的法律规则的两个或两个以上的缔约国，可随时声明本公约不适用于营业地在这些缔约国内的当事人之间的销售合同，也不适用于这些合同的订立。此种声明可联合做出，也可以相互单方面声明的方式做出。
(2)对属于本公约范围的事项具有与一个或一个以上非缔约国相同或非常近似的法律规则的缔约国，可随时声明本公约不适用于营业地在这些非缔约国内的当事人之间的销售合同，也不适用于这些合同的订立。
(3)作为根据上一款所做声明对象的国家如果后来成为缔约国，这项声明从本公约对该新缔约国生效之日起，具有根据第(1)款所做声明的效力，但以该新缔约国加入这项声明，或做出相互单方面声明为限。
article 94
(1) two or more contracting states which have the same or closely related legal rules on matters governed by this convention may at any time declare that the convention is not to apply to contracts of sale or to their formation where the parties have their places of business in those states. such declarations may be made jointly or by reciprocal unilateral declarations.
(2) a contracting state which has the same or closely related legal rules on matters governed by this convention as one or more non-contracting states may at any time declare that the convention is not to apply to contracts of sale or to their formation where the parties have their places of business in those states.
(3) if a state which is the object of a declaration under the preceding paragraph subsequently becomes a contracting state, the declaration made will, as from the date on which the convention enters into force in respect of the new contracting state, have the effect of a declaration made under paragraph (1), provided that the new contracting state joins in such declaration or makes a reciprocal unilateral declaration.
第九十五条
任何国家在交存其批准书、接受书、核准书或加入书时，可声明它不受本公约第一条第(1)款(b)项的约束。
article 95
any state may declare at the time of the deposit of its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession that it will not be bound by subparagraph (1)(b) of article 1 of this convention.
第九十六条
本国法律规定销售合同必须以书面订立或书面证明的缔约国，可以随时按照第十二条的规定，声明本公约第十一条、第二十九条或第二部分准许销售合同或其更改或根据协议终止，或者任何发价、接受或其它意旨表示得以书面以外任何形式做出的任何规定不适用，如果任何一方当事人的营业地是在该缔约国内。
article 96
a contracting state whose legislation requires contracts of sale to be concluded in or evidenced by writing may at any time make a declaration in accordance with article 12 that any provision of article 11, article 29, or part ii of this convention, that allows a contract of sale or its modification or termination by agreement or any offer, acceptance, or other indication of intention to be made in any form other than in writing, does not apply where any party has his place of business in that state.
第九十七条
(1)根据本公约规定在签字时做出的声明，须在批准、接受或核准时加以确认。
(2)声明和声明的确认，应以书面提出，并应正式通知保管人。
(3)声明在本公约对有关国家开始生效时同时生效。但是，保管人于此种生效后收到正式通知的声明，应于保管人收到声明之日起6个月后的第1个月第1天生效。根据第九十四条规定做出的相互单方面声明，应于保管人收到最后一份声明之日起6个月后的第1个月第1天生效。
(4)根据本公约规定做出声明的任何国家可以随时用书面正式通知保管人撤回该项声明。此种撤回于保管人收到通知之日起6个月后的第1个月第1天生效。
(5)撤回根据第九十四条做出的声明，自撤回生效之日起，就会使另一国家根据该条所做的任何相互声明失效。
article 97
(1) declarations made under this convention at the time of signature are subject to confirmation upon ratification, acceptance or approval.
(2) declarations and confirmations of declarations are to be in writing and be formally notified to the depositary.
(3) a declaration takes effect simultaneously with the entry into force of this convention in respect of the state concerned. however, a declaration of which the depositary receives formal notification after such entry into force takes effect on the first day of the month following the expiration of six months after the date of its receipt by the depositary. reciprocal unilateral declarations under article 94 take effect on the first day of the month following the expiration of six months after the receipt of the latest declaration by the depositary.
(4) any state which makes a declaration under this convention may withdraw it at any time by a formal notification in writing addressed to the depositary. such withdrawal is to take effect on the first day of the month following the expiration of six months after the date of the receipt of the notification by the depositary.
(5) a withdrawal of a declaration made under article 94 renders inoperative, as from the date on which the withdrawal takes effect, any reciprocal declaration made by another state under that article.
第九十八条
除本公约明文许可的保留外，不得作任何保留。
article 98
no reservations are permitted except those expressly authorized in this convention.
第九十九条
(1)在本条第(6)款规定的条件下，本公约在第十件批准书、接受书、核准书或加入书、包括载有根据第九十二条规定做出的声明的文书交存之日起12月后的第1个月第1天生效。
(2)在本条第(6)款规定的条件下，对于在第10件批准书、接受书、核准书或加入书交存后才批准、接受、核准或加入本公约的国家，本公约在该国交存其批准书、接受书、核准车或加入书之日起12个月后的第1个月第1天对该国生效，但不适用的部分除外。
(3)批准、接受、核准或加入本公约的国家，如果是1964年7月1日海牙签订的《关于国际货物销售合同的订立统一法公约》(《1964年海牙订立合同公约》)和1964年7月1日在海牙签订的《关于国际货物销售统一法的公约》(《1964年海牙货物销售公约》)中一项或两项公约的缔约国。应按情况同时通知荷兰政府声明退出《1964年海牙货物销售公约》或《1964年海牙订立合同公约》)或退出该两公约。
(4)凡为《1964年海牙货物销售公约》缔约国并批准、接受、核准或加入本公约和根据第九十二条规定声明或业已声明不受本公约第二部分约束的国家，应于批准、接受、核准或加入时通知荷兰政府声明退出《1964年海牙货物销售公约》。
(5)凡为《1964年海牙订立合同公约》缔约国并批准、接受、核准或加入本公约和根据第九十二条规定声明或业已声明不受本公约第三部分约束的国家，应于批准、接受、核准或加入时通知荷兰政府声明退出《1964年海牙订立合同公约》。
(6)为本条的目的，《1964年海牙订立合同公约》或《1964年海牙货物销售公约》的缔约国的批准、接受、核准或加入本公约，应在这些国家按照规定退出该两公约生效后方始生效。本公约保管人应与1964年两公约的保管人荷兰政府进行协商，以确保在这方面进行必要的协调。
article 99
(1) this convention enters into force, subject to the provisions of paragraph (6) of this article, on the first day of the month following the expiration of twelve months after the date of deposit of the tenth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, including an instrument which contains a declaration made under article 92.
(2) when a state ratifies, accepts, approves or accedes to this convention after the deposit of the tenth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, this convention, with the exception of the part excluded, enters into force in respect of that state, subject to the provisions of paragraph (6) of this article, on the first day of the month following the expiration of twelve months after the date of the deposit of its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.
(3) a state which ratifies, accepts, approves or accedes to this convention and is a party to either or both the convention relating to a uniform law on the formation of contracts for the international sale of goods done at the hague on 1 july 1964 (1964 hague formation convention) and the convention relating to a uniform law on the international sale of goods done at the hague on 1 july 1964 (1964 hague sales convention) shall at the same time denounce, as the case may be, either or both the 1964 hague sales convention and the 1964 hague formation convention by notifying the government of the netherlands to that effect.
(4) a state party to the 1964 hague sales convention which ratifies, accepts, approves or accedes to the present convention and declares or has declared under article 52 that it will not be bound by part ii of this convention shall at the time of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession denounce the 1964 hague sales convention by notifying the government of the netherlands to that effect.
(5) a state party to the 1964 hague formation convention which ratifies, accepts, approves or accedes to the present convention and declares or has declared under article 92 that it will not be bound by part iii of this convention shall at the time of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession denounce the 1964 hague formation convention by notifying the government of the netherlands to that effect.
(6) for the purpose of this article, ratifications, acceptances, approvals and accessions in respect of this convention by states parties to the 1964 hague formation convention or to the 1964 hague sales convention shall not be effective until such denunciations as may be required on the part of those states in respect of the latter two conventions have themselves become effective. the depositary of this convention shall consult with the government of the netherlands, as the depositary of the 1964 conventions, so as to ensure necessary co-ordination in this respect.
第一百条
(1)本公约适用于合同的订立，只要订立该合同的建议是在本公约对第一条第(1)款(a)项所指缔约国或第一条第(1)款(b)项所指缔约国生效之日或其后作出的。
(2)本公约只适用于在它对第一条第(1)款(a)项所指缔约国或第一条第(1)款(b)项所指缔约国生效之日或其后订立的合同。
article 100
(1) this convention applies to the formation of a contract only when the proposal for concluding the contract is made on or after the date when the convention enters into force in respect of the contracting states referred to in subparagraph (1)(a) or the contracting state referred to in subparagraph (1)(b) of article 1.
(2) this convention applies only to contracts concluded on or after the date when the convention enters into force in respect of the contracting states referred to in subparagraph (1)(a) or the contracting state referred to in subparagraph (1)(b) of article 1.
第一百零一条
(1)缔约国可以用书面正式通知保管人声明退出本公约，或本公约第二部分或第三部分。
(2)退出于保管人收到通知12个月后的第1个月第1天起生效。凡通知内订明一段退出生效的更长时间，则退出于保管人收到通知后该段更长时间满时起生效。
article 101
(1) a contracting state may denounce this convention, or part ii or part iii of the convention, by a formal notification in writing addressed to the depositary.
(2) the denunciation takes effect on the first day of the month following the expiration of twelve months after the notification is received by the depositary. where a longer period for the denunciation to take effect is specified in the notification, the denunciation takes effect upon the expiration of such longer period after the notification is received by the depositary.
1980年4月11日订于维也纳，正本1份，其阿拉伯文本、中文本、英文本、法文本、俄文本和西班牙文本都具有同等效力。
下列全权代表，经各自政府正式授权，在本公约上签字，以资证明。
[post provisions]
[post clauses (if any: signed; witnessed; done; authentic texts; & deposited clauses)]
done at vienna, this day of eleventh day of april, one thousand nine hundred and eighty, in a single original, of which the arabic, chinese, english, french, russian and spanish texts are equally authentic.
in witness whereof the undersigned plenipotentiaries, being duly authorized by their respective governments, have signed this convention.
附
缔约方: 74个
(a) 声明和保留。该国在批准或加入公约时根据公约第12条和第96条规定声明，公约第11条、第29条或第二部分任何条款，凡准予通过协议形式签订销售合同或进行修改或终止，或以书面形式以外的任何形式提出要约、承诺或表示意向者，概不适用于任何当事方在其各自国家内设有营业地点的销售合同。
(b) 加入。
(c) 继承。
(d) 声明和保留。加拿大政府在加入时声明，根据公约第93条，公约同时适用于艾伯塔、不列颠哥伦比亚、马尼托巴、新不伦瑞克、纽芬兰、新斯科舍、安大略、爱德华王子岛和西北地区。(加拿大政府在加入时声明，根据公约第95条，就不列颠哥伦比亚而言，不受公约第1条第1款b项约束。在1992年7月31日收到的一份通知中，加拿大政府撤消了上述声明。)在1992年4月9日收到的一份声明中，加拿大政府将该公约的适用范围扩大到魁北克和萨斯喀彻温。在1992年6月29日收到的一份通知中，加拿大再将公约适用范围扩大到育空地区。在2003年6月18日收到的一份通知中，加拿大又将公约适用范围扩大到努勒维特地区。
(e) 声明和保留。中国政府在认可公约时声明，它不受第1条第1款(b)项和第11条的约束，也不受公约内与第11条内容有关的规定的约束。
(f) 批准。
(g) 在继承公约时，根据1991年6月25日关于克罗地亚共和国的主权和独立的宪法决定以及1991年10月8日的克罗地亚议会决定，克罗地亚因从南斯拉夫社会主义联邦共和国继承克罗地亚的领土而决定自1991年10月8日起将其视为公约缔约国，克罗地亚于该日断绝与南斯拉夫社会主义联邦共和国的一切宪法和法律关系并继承其国际义务。
(h) 前捷克斯洛伐克1981年9月1日签署公约，1990年3月5日交存批准书，公约于1991年4月1日对前捷克斯洛伐克生效。 1993年5月28日和1993年9月30日斯洛伐克共和国和捷克共和国先后分别交存了继承书，均自其继承日期1993年1月1日起生效。 (
(i) 声明和保留。该国声明不受第1条第1款(b)项的约束。
(j) 声明和保留。丹麦、芬兰、挪威和瑞典政府在批准公约时根据第92条第1款的规定声明，它们不受公约第二部分(合同的订立)的约束。丹麦、芬兰、挪威和瑞典政府在批准公约时根据第94条第1款和第94条第2款声明，公约不适用于营业地点设在丹麦、芬兰、瑞典、冰岛或挪威的当事方的销售合同。在2003年3月12日生效的一份通知中，冰岛根据第94条第1款的规定声明，公约不适用于营业地点设在丹麦、芬兰、冰岛、挪威或瑞典的当事方的销售合同及合同的订立。
(k) 声明和保留。2004年3月9日，爱沙尼亚撤销了脚注a所述在批准时所作保留。
(l) 公约由前德意志民主共和国于1981年8月13日签署，1989年2月23日批准，1990年3月1日生效。
(m) 声明和保留。德国政府在批准公约时声明，对于已经声明不适用第1条第1款b项的任何国家，德国也不适用第1条第1款b项。
(n) 声明和保留。匈牙利政府在批准公约时声明，它认为经济互助委员会各成员国的组织之间接受交货的一般条件应受公约第90条规定的约束。
(o) 接受。
(p) 俄罗斯联邦自1991年12月24日起接替前苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟(苏联)继续作为联合国会员国，并自该日起全权负责苏联根据《联合国宪章》和交存秘书长的多边条约享有的所有权利和承担的所有义务。
(q) 前南斯拉夫分别于1980年4月11日和1985年3月27日签署和批准了公约。南斯拉夫联邦共和国2001年3月12日宣布：
'南斯拉夫联邦国内共和国经审议[该公约]，自1992年4月27日，即南斯拉夫联邦共和国承担其国际关系义务之日，继承该公约并承诺忠实履行和执行其中所载各项规定。'
? 2010 贸易法委员会
parties: 74
(a) declarations and reservations. this state declared, in accordance with articles 12 and 96 of the convention, that any provision of article 11, article 29 or part ii of the convention that allowed a contract of sale or its modification or termination by agreement or any offer, acceptance or other indication of intention to be made in any form other than in writing, would not apply where any party had his place of business in its territory.
(b) accession.
(c) succession.
(d) declarations and reservations. upon accession, canada declared that, in accordance with article 93 of the convention, the convention would extend to alberta, british columbia, manitoba, new brunswick, newfoundland and labrador, nova scotia, ontario, prince edward island and the northwest territories. (upon accession, canada declared that, in accordance with article 95 of the convention, with respect to british columbia, it will not be bound by article 1, paragraph (b), of the convention. in a notification received on 31 july 1992, canada withdrew that declaration.) in a declaration received on 9 april 1992, canada extended the application of the convention to quebec and saskatchewan. in a notification received on 29 june 1992, canada extended the application of the convention to the yukon territory. in a notification received on 18 june 2003, canada extended the application of the convention to the territory of nunavut.
(e) declarations and reservations. upon approving the convention, the people's republic of china declared that it did not consider itself bound by sub-paragraph (b) of paragraph (1) of article 1 and article 11, nor the provisions in the convention relating to the content of article 11.
(f) approval.
(g) upon succeeding to the convention, croatia has decided, on the basis of the constitutional decision on sovereignty and independence of the republic of croatia of 25 june 1991 and the decision of the croatian parliament of 8 october 1991, and by virtue of succession of the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia in respect of the territory of croatia, to be considered a party to the convention with effect from 8 october 1991, the date on which croatia severed all constitutional and legal connections with the socialist federal republic of yugoslavia and took over its international obligations.
(h) the former czechoslovakia signed the convention on 1 september 1981 and deposited an instrument of ratification on 5 march 1990, with the convention entering into force for the former czechoslovakia on 1 april 1991. on 28 may and 30 september 1993, respectively, slovakia and the czech republic, deposited instruments of succession, with effect from 1 january 1993, the date of succession of both states.
(i) declarations and reservations. this state declared that it would not be bound by paragraph 1 (b) of article 1.
(j) declarations and reservations. upon ratifying the convention, denmark, finland, norway and sweden declared, in accordance with article 92, paragraph 1, that they would not be bound by part ii of the convention ('formation of the contract'). upon ratifying the convention, denmark, finland, norway and sweden declared, pursuant to article 94, paragraph 1 and 94, paragraph 2, that the convention would not apply to contracts of sale where the parties have their places of business in denmark, finland, iceland, sweden or norway. in a notification effected on 12 march 2003, iceland declared, pursuant to article 94, paragraph 1, that the convention would not apply to contracts of sale or to their formation where the parties had their places of business in denmark, finland, iceland, norway or sweden.
(k) declarations and reservations. on 9 march 2004, estonia withdrew the reservation made upon ratification mentioned in footnote (a).
(l) the convention was signed by the former german democratic republic on 13 august 1981 and ratified on 23 february 1989 and entered into force on 1 march 1990.
(m) declarations and reservations. upon ratifying the convention, germany declared that it would not apply article 1, paragraph 1 (b) in respect of any state that had made a declaration that that state would not apply article 1, paragraph 1 (b).
(n) declarations and reservations. upon ratifying the convention, hungary declared that it considered the general conditions of delivery of goods between organizations of the member countries of the council for mutual economic assistance to be subject to the provisions of article 90 of the convention.
(o) acceptance.
(p) the russian federation continues, as from 24 december 1991, the membership of the former union of soviet socialist republics (ussr) in the united nations and maintains, as from that date, full responsibility for all the rights and obligations of the ussr under the charter of the united nations and multilateral treaties deposited with the secretary-general.
(q) the former yugoslavia signed and ratified the convention on 11 april 1980 and 27 march 1985, respectively. on 12 march 2001, the former federal republic of yugoslavia declared the following:
'the government of the federal republic of yugoslavia, having considered [the convention], succeeds to the same and undertakes faithfully to perform and carry out the stipulations therein contained as from april 27, 1992, the date upon which the federal republic of yugoslavia assumed responsibility for its international relations.'
第4篇 国际货物销售合同书
制造商：____________________________________
地 址：____________ 邮码：____________ 电话：____________
代理方：____________________________________
地 址：____________ 邮码：____________ 电话：____________
经双方平等、自愿协商，达成本销售代理协议，共同遵守。
同意将下列产品________(简称产品)的独家代理权授予代理方(简称代理人)。代理人优先在下列指定地区(简称地区)推销产品：________国________市(区)。
第二条 代理人的职责
代理人应在该地区拓展用户。代理人应向制造商转送接收到的报价和订单。代理人无权代表制造商签订任何具有约束的合约。代理人应把制造商规定的销售条款对用户解释。制造商可不受任何约束地拒绝代理人转送的任何询价及订单。
第三条 代理业务的职责范围
代理人是________市场的全权代理，应收集信息，尽力促进产品的销售。代理人应精通所推销产品的技术性能。代理所得佣金应包括为促进销售所需费用。
第四条 广告和展览会
为促进产品在该地区的销售，代理人应刊登一切必要的广告并支付广告费用。凡参加展销会需经双方事先商议后办理。
第五条 代理人的财务责任
.代理人应采取适当方式了解当地订货人的支杠力并协助制造商收回应付货款。通常的索款及协助收回应付货款的开支应由制造商负担。
未经同意，代理人无权也无义务以制造商的名义接受付款。
第六条 用户意见
代理人有权接受用户对产品的意见和申诉，及时通知制造商并关注制造商的切身利益。
第七条 提供信息
代理人应尽力向制造商提供商品的市场和竞争等方面的信息，每____个月需向制造商寄送工作报告。
第八条 正当竞争
代理人不应与制造商或帮助他人与制造商竞争，代理人更不应制造代理产品或类似于代理的产品，也不应从与制造商竞争的任何企业中获利。同时，代理人不应代理或销售与代理产品相同或类似的任何产品。
此合约一经生效，代理人应将与其他企业签订的有约束性的协议告知制造商。不论是作为代理的或经销的，此后再签定的任何协议均应告之制造商，代理人在进行其他活动时，决不能忽视其对制造商承担的义务而影响任务的完成。
第九条 保 密
.代理人在协议有效期内或协议终止后，不得泄露制造商的商业机密，也不得将该机密超越协议范围使用。
所有产品设计和说明均属制造商所有，代理人应在协议终止时归还给制造商。
甲方法定代表人签字(盖章)：________________________乙方法定代表人签字(盖章)：________________________
甲方负责人签字：________________________乙方负责人签字：________________________
____________年____________月____________日____________年____________月____________日
第5篇 国际货物销售合同中英文对照版
国际货物销售合同
第一部分 特别条款
part i specific conditions
该特别条款不限制当事人双方作出另外的约定。
these specific conditions does not prevent the parties from agreeing other terms or further details in box i-16 or in one or more annexes.
卖 方： 买 方：
seller:________________ buyer: ______________________
地址(address): ___________ 地址(address): ___________________
电话(tel): _____________ 电话(tel): ___________________
传真(fax): _____________ 传真(fax): ___________________
电邮(e-mail):____________ 电邮(e-mail): ___________________
联 系 人： 联 系 人：
contact person: _________ contact person:_______________
地址(address): ___________ 地址(address): ___________________
电话(tel): _____________ 电话(tel): ___________________
传真(fax):_____________ 传真(fax):___________________
电邮(e-mail): ____________ 电邮(e-mail): ___________________
本销售合同由第一部分的特别条款(相应的栏目中应填写了内容)和第二部分的一般条款组成，并受该两部分的约束。
the present contract of sale will be governed by these specific conditions (to the extent that the relevant boxes have been completed) and by the general conditions of sale which constitute part ii of this document.
i-1 销售的货物
i-1 goods sold
_____________
_____________
货物的品名及规格
description of the goods
若空白处不够填写，可使用附件。
an annex may be used if there is insufficient space.
i-2 合同价款(第4条)
i-2 contract price (art. 4)
货 币：
currency:
用数字表述的金额： 用文字表述的金额：
amount in numbers:______ ____________________ amount in letters:_______________
i-3 交货贸易术语
i-3 delivery terms
推荐的贸易术语(依照《2000年国际贸易术语解释通则》)
recommended terms (according to incoterms 2000):
______ exw工厂交货(ex works) 指定地点(named place):______
______ fca货交承运人(free carrier)指定地点(named place):______
______ cpt运费付至(carriage paid to)指定目的地(named place of destination):_____
______ cip运费、保险费付至 指定目的地:_________________________
(carriage and insurance paid to)named place of destination:______
______ daf边境交货(delivered at frontier)指定地点(named place):____
______ ddu未完税交货 指定目的地:_______________________
(delivered duty unpaid) named place of destination: ____
______ ddp完税后交货 指定目的地: _______________________
(delivered duty paid) named place of destination: ____
其它贸易术语(依照《2000年国际贸易术语解释通则》)
other terms (according to incoterms 2000)
______ fas船边交货 指定装运港：_______________________
(free alongside ship) named port of shipment: ____
______ fob船上交货 指定装运港：_______________________
(free on board)named port of shipment: ____
______ cfr成本加运费 指定目的港：_______________________
(cost and freight) named port of destination:____
______ cif成本、运费加保险费 指定目的港：___________________
(cost insurance and freight)named port of destination:____
______ des目的港船上交货 指定目的港：_____________________
(delivered ex ship) named port of destination:____
______ deq目的港码头交货 指定目的港：_______________________
(delivered ex quay) named port of destination:____
其它交货贸易术语：
other delivery terms：
承运人(当需要时)
carrier (where applicable)
地址(address): ___________
电话(tel): _____________
传真(fax): _____________
电邮(e-mail): _____________
联系人：
contact person: _________
地址(address): ___________
电话(tel): _____________
传真(fax): _____________
电邮(e-mail): _____________
i-4 交货时间
i-4 time of delivery
(在此处注明卖方依照相应的贸易术语中第a4款的规定必须履行交付货物义务的日期或期限)
indicate here the date or period (e.g. week or month) at which or within which the seller must perform his delivery obligations according to clause a.4 of the respective incoterm.
_____________
_____________
i-5 买方对货物的检验(第3条)
i-5 inspection of the goods by buyer (art. 3)
装运之前(before shipment)____天(date)检验地(place of inspection): __________________其它(other): ________________
i-6 货物所有权的保留(第7条)
i-6 retention of title (art. 7)
____是(yes)
____否(no)
i-7 付款条件(第5条)
i-7 payment conditions (art. 5)
往来帐户付款(第5.1条)
___ payment on open account (art. 5.1)
付款时间(如与第5.1条的规定不同)〔time for payment (if different from art. 5.1)：开出发票之日起____天。其它：_____________days from date of invoice. other: _______开立需要即期担保或备用信用证保证的帐户(第5.5条) __ open account backed by demand guarantee or standby letter of credit (art. 5.5)
预先付款(第5.2条)
___ payment in advance (art. 5.2)
日期(如与第5.2条规定不同)：_________ 总价款_____ 合同价款的___%
date (if different from art. 5.2): ____________ total price ______% of the price
跟单托收(第5.5条)
___ documentary collection (art. 5.5)
___付款交单(d/p documents against payment )_________
承兑交单(d/a documents against acceptance)_______
不可撤销的跟单信用证(第5.3条)
___ irrevocable documentary credit (art. 5.3)
___保兑(confirmed)___非保兑(unconfirmed)
发出地(如适用时)〔place of issue (if applicable)〕: _________
保兑地(如适用时)〔place of confirmation (if applicable)〕: _________
款项的取得(credit available):
__即期付款(by payment at sight)
__延期付款(by deferred payment at): ___天(days)
__承兑汇票(by acceptance of drafts at): ___天(days)
__议付(by negotiation)
部分装运(partial shipments): __允许(allowed) __不允许(not allowed)
转运(transhipment): __允许(allowed) __不允许(not allowed)
必须向卖方通知跟单信用证的日期(如果与第5.3条不同)：
交货日前______天 其它：_______________
date on which the documentary credit must be notified to seller (if different from art. 5.3)
________ days before date of delivery __ other: _____________
____其它(other): _______________
比如：采用支票、银行汇票、电子资金转让至卖方指定的银行帐户。(e.g. cheque, bank draft, electronic funds transfer to designated bank account of seller)
i-8 单证
i-8 documents
(在此处注明卖方提供的单证。建议当事人对照其在特别条款第i-3款中选定的贸易术语。)
indicate here documents to be provided by seller. parties are advised to check the incoterm they have selected under i-3 of these specific conditions.
__装运单证(transport documents):注明要求提交的装运单证的类型(indicate type of transport document required)_________
__商业发票(commercial invoice) __原产地证书(certificate of origin)
__装箱单(packing list) __检验证书(certificate of inspection)
__保险单(insurance document)__其它单证(other): ____________
i-9 解除合同日期
i-9 cancellation date
(当双方要修改第10.3条时，才应填写)
to be completed only if the parties wish to modify article 10.3
不论何种原因(包括不可抗力)，如果货物在____年___月___日之前不能交付，买方有权通知卖方立即解除合同。
if the goods are not delivered for any reason whatsoever (including force majeure) by (date) _______ the buyer will be entitled to cancel the contract immediately by notification to the seller.
i-10 迟延交货责任(第10.1、10.4和11.3条)
i-10 liability for delay (art. 10.1, 10.4 and 11.3)
(当双方当事人要修改第10.1、10.4和11.3条时，才应填写)
to be completed only if the parties wish to modify art. 10.1, 10.4 or 11.3
迟延交付货物约定的损害赔偿金应为：迟延交付货物价款的______%/周，最高不超过迟延交付货物价款的______%。
liquidated damages for delay in delivery shall be:
__ ____ % (of price of delayed goods) per week, with a maximum of ____ % (of price of delayed goods)
或者(or):
__ ________ (注明具体金额)(specify amount).
如果因迟延交货终止合同，卖方迟延交货应支付的赔偿金限制为未交付货物价款的_____%.
in case of termination for delay, seller’s liability for damages for delay is limited to ____ % of the price of the non-delivered goods.
i-11 货物不符约定的责任限制(第11.5条)
i-11 limitation of liability for lack of conformity (art. 11.5)
(当双方当事人要修改第11.5条时，才应填写)
to be completed only if the parties wish to modify art. 11.5.
卖方由于交付不符约定的货物应承担的损害赔偿金应为：
应限于已证明的损失(包括导致的间接损失、利润损失等)，不超出合同价款的______%;
seller’s liability for damages arising from lack of conformity of the goods shall be:
___ limited to proven loss (including consequential loss, loss of profit, etc.) not exceeding ___ % of the contract price;
或者(or):
___具体列举如下〔as follows (specify)〕:
_____________
i-12买方保留不符约定货物时的责任限制(第11.6条)
i-12 limitation of liability where non-conforming goods are retained by the buyer (art. 11.6)
(当双方当事人要修改第11.6条时，才应填写)
to be completed only if the parties wish to modify art. 11.6
保留约定不符的货物所作出的价格减让应不超过：这些货物价款的_____%.
the price abatement for retained non-conforming goods shall not exceed:
___ ___% of the price of such goods。
或者(or):
___ ________ (列明具体的数额)(specify amount)
i-13 时间限制(第11.8条)
i-13 time-bar (art.11.8)
(当双方当事人要修改第11.8条时，才应填写)
to be completed only if the parties wish to modify art. 11.8.
由于交付的货物与合同约定不符，买方应自货物到达目的港之日起不迟于_____天内提出诉求(第11.8条列明的情况)。
any action for non-conformity of the goods (as defined in article 11.8) must be taken by the buyer not later than __________ from the date of arrival of the goods at destination.
i-14(a), i-14(b) 适用的法律(第1.2条)
i-14(a), i-14(b) applicable law (art.1.2)
(当双方当事人想适用某国法律而不适用《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》时，才应填写)
以下的做法不予推荐
to be completed only if the parties wish to submit the sale contract to a national law instead of cisg. the solution hereunder is not recommended：
(a)本销售合同适用______________(国名)国内法。
(a) this sales contract is governed by the domestic law of __________ (country)
(当双方当事人对于《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》没有规定的事项不想适用卖方所在国法律时，才应填写)
to be completed if the parties wish to choose a law other than that of the seller for questions not covered by cisg
(b)《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》没有规定的任何事项，应适用______________(国名)法律。
(b) any questions not covered by cisg will be governed by the law of ____________ (country).
i-15其它事项
i-15 other
第二部分 一般条款
part ii general conditions
第一条 总则
art. 1 general
1.1这些一般条款与第一部分的特别条款一起适用于本国际货物销售合同，但也可以将这些一般条款加入其它任何的销售合同。当第二部分的一般条款独立于第一部分的特别条款使用时，第二部分对第一部分的任何援引应解释为对双方约定的对应的特别条款的援引。当这些一般条款与双方约定的任何特别条款相矛盾时，应以特别条款为准。
1.1 these general conditions are intended to be applied together with the specific conditions (part i) of the international sale contract of manufactured goods, but they may also be incorporated on their own into any sale contract. where these general conditions (part ii) are used independently of the said specific conditions (part i), any reference in part ii to part i will be interpreted as a reference to any relevant specific conditions agreed by the parties. in case of contradiction between these general conditions and any specific conditions agreed upon between the parties, the specific conditions shall prevail.
1.2合同自身(即指这些一般条款和双方当事人约定的特别条款)的规定中未明示或默示处理的与本合同有关的任何事项应适用：
a.《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》(1980年维也纳公约，下称《销售公约》)，和
b.在《销售公约》未对这些事项作出规定时，适用卖方营业所在地国法律。
1.2 any questions relating to this contract which are not expressly or implicitly settled by the provisions contained in the contract itself (i.e. these general conditions and any specific conditions agreed upon by the parties) shall be governed:
a. by the united nations convention on contracts for the international sale of goods (vienna convention of 1980, hereafter referred to as cisg), and
b. to the extent that such questions are not covered by cisg, by reference to the law of the country where the seller has his place of business.
1.3援引的任何贸易术语(比如：exw，fca等)应视为国际商会出版的《国际贸易术语解释通则》中对应的贸易术语。
1.3 any reference made to trade terms (such as exw, fca, etc.) is deemed to be made to the relevant term of incoterms published by the international chamber of commerce.
1.4援引的国际商会的出版物应视为达成本合同时最新的版本。
1.4 any reference made to a publication of the international chamber of commerce is deemed to be made to the version current at the date of conclusion of the contract.
1.5除非达成书面协议或有书面证据证明，任何对本合同的修改均无效。但是，当另一方信赖该方所作出的行为时，该方由于其作出的行为而不得主张该款规定。1.5 no modification of the contract is valid unless agreed or evidenced in writing. however, a party may be precluded by his conduct from asserting this provision to the extent that the other party has relied on that conduct.
第2条货物的特征
art. 2 characteristics of the goods
2.1双方约定，与货物及其用途有关的任何资料，比如;包含在卖方的目录、说明书、函件、广告、图片和价目表中的重量、尺寸、容量、价格、颜色和其它数据不应作为生效的合同条款，除非在合同中明确作了约定。
2.1 it is agreed that any information relating to the goods and their use, such as weights, dimensions, capacities, prices, colours and other data contained in catalogues, prospectuses, circulars, advertisements, illustrations, price-lists of the seller, shall not take effect as terms of the contract unless expressly referred to in the contract.
2.2除非另有约定，买方不拥有购买的软件、制图等产品中的知识产权。卖方仍然是货物涉及的知识产权或工业产权的独占所有权人。
2.2 unless otherwise agreed, the buyer does not acquire any property rights in software, drawings, etc. which may have been made available to him. the seller also remains the exclusive owner of any intellectual or industrial property rights relating to the goods.
第3条 货物装运前的检验
art. 3 inspection of the goods before shipment
如果双方约定买方有权在装运前对货物进行检验，卖方必须在装运前的合理时间内通知买方，货物在约定的地点已准备好进行检验。
if the parties have agreed that the buyer is entitled to inspect the goods before shipment, the seller must notify the buyer within a reasonable time before the shipment that the goods are ready for inspection at the agreed place.
第4条 价格
art. 4 price
4.1如果没有约定货物的价格，将适用达成合同时卖方最新列出的价格。若没有这样的最新列出的价格，将适用达成合同时这些货物的一般价格。
4.1 if no price has been agreed, the seller’s current list price at the time of the conclusion of the contract shall apply. in the absence of such a current list price, the price generally charged for such goods at the time of the conclusion of the contract shall apply.
4.2除非另有书面约定，货物价格不包含增值税，没有必要调整价格。
4.2 unless otherwise agreed in writing, the price does not include vat, and is not subject to price adjustment.
4.3第i-2款(合同价款)注明的价款包括卖方按照本合同的约定收取的任何费用。但是，如果卖方承担了依照本合同的约定应由买方承担的费用(比如：exw或fca术语中的运输费或保险费)，那么这些款项不应视为已包含在第i-2款项下注明的价款中，买方应予偿还。
4.3 the price indicated under i-2 (contract price) includes any costs which are at the seller’s charge according to this contract. however, should the seller bear any costs which, according to this contract, are for the buyer’s account (e.g. for transportation or insurance under exw or fca), such sums shall not be considered as having been included in the price under i-2 and shall be reimbursed by the buyer.
第5条 支付条件
art. 5 payment conditions
5.1除非另有书面约定或者双方之间此前交易另有默契，买方应通过往来帐户向卖方支付价款和其它应付的款项，支付时间是开出发票之日起30日。除非另有约定，到期应付的款项应可在结算时远程转帐至卖方在其所在国开立的帐户，当相应的应付款项作为可立即存取的资金为卖方银行收到时，应视为买方履行了其付款义务。
5.1 unless otherwise agreed in writing, or implied from a prior course of dealing between the parties, payment of the price and of any other sums due by the buyer to the seller shall be on open account and time of payment shall be 30 days from the date of invoice. the amounts due shall be transferred, unless otherwise agreed, by teletransmission to the seller’s bank in the seller’s country for the account of the seller and the buyer shall be deemed to have performed his payment obligations when the respective sums due have been received by the seller’s bank in immediately available funds.
5.2如双方约定预先付款，则无须作出进一步的表示，支付的预先付款应指全部的价款，除非另有约定。而且预先付款必须作为可立即存取的资金，在约定的交货日期或者约定的交货期限内最早的一天之前至少30日为卖方银行收到。如果双方约定仅预先支付部分合同价款，剩余价款的支付条件将按照本条款中规定的规则确定。
5.2 if the parties have agreed on payment in advance, without further indication, it will be assumed that such advance payment, unless otherwise agreed, refers to the full price, and that the advance payment must be received by the seller’s bank in immediately available funds at least 30 days before the agreed date of delivery or the earliest date within the agreed delivery period. if advance payment has been agreed only for a part of the contract price, the payment conditions of the remaining amount will be determined according to the rules set forth in this article.
5.3如果双方约定通过跟单信用证付款，除非另有约定，买方必须按照国际商会出版的《跟单信用证统一惯例》的规定安排一家著名的银行开出一张以卖方为受益人的跟单信用证，并且在约定交货日之前至少30日或者在约定的交货期限内最早一天前至少30日作出通知。除非另有约定，跟单信用证应为即期、允许部分装运和转运。
5.3 if the parties have agreed on payment by documentary credit, then, unless otherwise agreed, the buyer must arrange for a documentary credit in favour of the seller to be issued by a reputable bank, subject to the uniform customs and practice for documentary credits published by the international chamber of commerce, and to be notified at least 30 days before the agreed date of delivery or at least 30 days before the earliest date within the agreed delivery period. unless otherwise agreed, the documentary credit shall be payable at sight and allow partial shipments and transhipments.
5.4如果双方约定通过跟单托收付款，那么，除非另有约定，单证应在付款时交付(付款交单)，单证的交付无论如何应受国际商会出版的《托收统一规则》支配。
5.4 if the parties have agreed on payment by documentary collection, then, unless otherwise agreed, documents will be tendered against payment (d/p) and the tender will in any case be subject to the uniform rules for collections published by the international chamber of commerce.
5.5在双方约定付款需要银行担保支持的情况下，在约定的交货日之前至少30日或者在约定的交货期限内最早日期之前至少30日，买方应按照国际商会出版的《即期担保统一规则》的规定提供一份即期银行担保，或者按照该规则或国际商会出版的《跟单信用证统一惯例》的规定提供一份备用信用证，在两种情况下，均应由一家著名的银行开出。
5.5 to the extent that the parties have agreed that payment is to be backed by a bank guarantee, the buyer is to provide, at least 30 days before the agreed date of delivery or at least 30 days before the earliest date within the agreed delivery period, a first demand bank guarantee subject to the uniform rules for demand guarantees published by the international chamber of commerce, or a standby letter of credit subject either to such rules or to the uniform customs and practice for documentary credits published by the international chamber of commerce, in either case issued by a reputable bank.
第6条迟延付款时的利息
art. 6 interest in case of delayed payment
6.1如果一方未支付到期款项，另一方有权从该款项到期应支付之日起对该笔款项计算利息。
6.1 if a party does not pay a sum of money when it falls due the other party is entitled to interest upon that sum from the time when payment is due to the time of payment.
6.2除非另有约定，利率应高于付款货币在付款地适用于一般借款人的平均的银行短期贷款利率的2%，或者若在付款地没有这种利率时，适用付款货币国的相同的利率。如果在这两个地方均不存在该种利率，利率应是依照付款货币国法律确定的适当的利率。
6.2 unless otherwise agreed, the rate of interest shall be 2% above the average bank short-term lending rate to prime borrowers prevailing for the currency of payment at the place of payment, or where no such rate exists at that place, then the same rate in the state of the currency of payment. in the absence of such a rate at either place the rate of interest shall be the appropriate rate fixed by the law of the state of the currency of payment.
第7条货物所有权的保留
art. 7 retention of title
如果双方对于货物所有权的保留作了有效的约定，卖方对货物保留所有权直到价款支付完毕为止，或者依另外的约定。
if the parties have validly agreed on retention of title, the goods shall remain the property of the seller until the complete payment of the price, or as otherwise agreed.
第8条合同的交货贸易术语
art. 8 contractual term of delivery
除非另有约定，应采用“工厂交货”(exw)方式交货。
unless otherwise agreed, delivery shall be 'ex works' (exw).
第9条单证
art. 9 documents
除非另有约定，卖方必须提供适用的国际贸易术语中要求的单证(如有的话)，或者如果没有适用的国际贸易术语，则按照先前交易过程确定。unless otherwise agreed, the seller must provide the documents (if any) indicated in the applicable incoterm or, if no incoterm is applicable, according to any previous course of dealing.
第10条迟延交货、不交货及其补偿
art. 10 late-delivery, non-delivery and remedies therefor
10.1当迟延交付货物时，若买方将延迟的情形通知了卖方，则每延迟一个完整周，买方有权索要迟延交付货物价款0.5%或约定的其它比例的约定的赔偿金。如果买方从约定的交货日起15日内向卖方发出这样的通知，损害赔偿金从约定的交货日起或在约定的交货期限内的最后一日起算。如果买方从约定的交货之日起15日内向卖方发出这样的通知，损害赔偿金从通知之日起算。约定的迟延赔偿金不得超过迟延交付的货物价款的5%或约定的其它补偿金的最高数额。
10.1 when there is delay in delivery of any goods, the buyer is entitled to claim liquidated damages equal to 0.5% or such other percentage as may be agreed of the price of those goods for each complete week of delay, provided the buyer notifies the seller of the delay. where the buyer so notifies the seller within 15 days from the agreed date of delivery, damages will run from the agreed date of delivery or from the last day within the agreed period of delivery. where the buyer so notifies the seller after 15 days of the agreed date of delivery, damages will run from the date of the notice. liquidated damages for delay shall not exceed 5% of the price of the delayed goods or such other maximum amount as may be agreed.
10.2如果双方当事人在第i-9条中就合同解除日期达成一致，基于货物由于任何原因(包括不可抗力事件)未能在解除合同日期前交付，买方有权通知卖方解除合同。
10.2 if the parties have agreed upon a cancellation date in box i-9, the buyer may terminate the contract by notification to the seller as regards goods which have not been delivered by such cancellation date for any reason whatsoever (including a force majeure event).
10.3 当第10.2条不适用，并且卖方在买方依照第10.1条的规定有权获得最高数额的约定赔偿金日为止仍未能交付货物时，如果货物未在卖方收到该通知之日起5日内交付给买方，买方基于这些货物的原因有权书面通知卖方解除合同。
10.3 when article 10.2 does not apply and the seller has not delivered the goods by the date on which the buyer has become entitled to the maximum amount of liquidated damages under article 10.1, the buyer may give notice in writing to terminate the contract as regards such goods, if they have not been delivered to the buyer within 5 days of receipt of such notice by the seller.
10.4如果合同依照第10.2条或第10.3条解除，那么除了依照第10.1条已付或应付的款项外，买方有权索要不超过未交付货物价款10%的其它损失的赔偿金。
10.4 in case of termination of the contract under article 10.2 or 10.3 then in addition to any amount paid or payable under article 10.1, the buyer is entitled to claim damages for any additional loss not exceeding 10% of the price of the non-delivered goods.
10.5本条款项下的补偿不包括迟延交货或不交货时的其它补偿。
10.5 the remedies under this article are exclusive of any other remedy for delay in delivery or non-delivery.
第11条 货物不符约定
art. 11 non-conformity of the goods
11.1买方应在货物到达目的港之后尽快检验货物，并应在买方发现或应该发现货物不符之日起15日内，将货物不符约定的情况书面通知卖方。无论如何买方将无权因货物不符约定要求补偿，如果买方未能在货物到达约定目的港之日起12个月内将货物不符约定的情况书面通知卖方。
11.1 the buyer shall examine the goods as soon as possible after their arrival at destination and shall notify the seller in writing of any lack of conformity of the goods within 15 days from the date when the buyer discovers or ought to have discovered the lack of conformity. in any case the buyer shall have no remedy for lack of conformity if he fails to notify the seller thereof within 12 months from the date of arrival of the goods at the agreed destination.
11.2尽管在特定的贸易或双方之间交易当中存在一些常见的细微差异，货物仍将视为与合同相符，但买方有权获得因这些细微差异在这种贸易或交易当中通常的价款减让。
11.2 goods will be deemed to conform to the contract despite minor discrepancies which are usual in the particular trade or through course of dealing between the parties but the buyer will be entitled to any abatement of the price usual in the trade or through course of dealing for such discrepancies.
11.3当货物与合同约定不符时(并且买方依照第11.1条的规定已发出了货物不符约定的通知，而买方未在通知中选择保留货物的情况下)，卖方有权选择：
(a)用符合合同约定的货物替换不符的货物，而买方无须支付额外的费用，或者
(b)修复不符约定的货物，而买方无须支付额外的费用，或者
(c)向买方偿还不符约定货物的已付价款，并由于货物不符合同约定而终止合同。
在依照第11.1条规定发出货物不符通知和依照上述第11.3(a)的规定提供替代货物或依照第11.3(b)的规定修复货物的日期之间，每过一个完整周，买方有权依照第10.1条的规定获得约定的赔偿金。这些赔偿金应与第10.1条项下应付的赔偿金(如有的话)累计，但无论如何不得超过这些货物价款总额的5%。
11.3 where goods are non-conforming (and provided the buyer, having given notice of the lack of conformity in compliance with article 11.1, does not elect in the notice to retain them), the seller shall at his option:
(a) replace the goods with conforming goods, without any additional expense to the buyer, or
(b) repair the goods, without any additional expense to the buyer, or
(c) reimburse to the buyer the price paid for the non-conforming goods and thereby terminate the contract as regards those goods.
the buyer will be entitled to liquidated damages as quantified under article 10.1 for each complete week of delay between the date of notification of the non-conformity according to article 11.1 and the supply of substitute goods under article 11.3(a) or repair under article 11.3(b) above. such damages may be accumulated with damages (if any) payable under article 10.1, but can in no case exceed in the aggregate 5% of the price of those goods.
11.4如果卖方在买方依照第11.3条的规定有权获得最高额约定的赔偿金之日为止，未能依照第11.3条的规定履行义务，买方基于货物与合同不符，有权书面通知卖方解除合同，除非卖方在收到该通知之日起5日内提供了替代货物或修复了货物。
11.4 if the seller has failed to perform his duties under article 11.3 by the date on which the buyer becomes entitled to the maximum amount of liquidated damages according to that article, the buyer may give notice in writing to terminate the contract as regards the non-conforming goods unless the supply of replacement goods or the repair is effected within 5 days of receipt of such notice by the seller.
11.5当合同依照第11.3(c)条或第11.4条的规定终止时，除了依照第11.3条支付的或应付的退款和迟延损害赔偿金外，买方有权获得不超过不符约定货物价款10%的附加损失的损害赔偿金。
11.5 where the contract is terminated under article 11.3(c) or article 11.4, then in addition to any amount paid or payable under article 11.3 as reimbursement of the price and damages for any delay, the buyer is entitled to damages for any additional loss not exceeding 10% of the price of the non-conforming goods.
11.6买方选择保留不符约定的货物的，买方有权获得相当于若货物与合同相符时在约定目的地的货物价格与实际交付时在同一地的价格之间的差价。这些差价不应超过不符约定货物价款的15%。
11.6 where the buyer elects to retain non-conforming goods, he shall be entitled to a sum equal to the difference between the value of the goods at the agreed place of destination if they had conformed with the contract and their value at the same place as delivered, such sum not to exceed 15% of the price of those goods.
11.7除非另有书面约定，第11条中约定的补偿不包括任何因货物不符约定的其它救济。
11.7 unless otherwise agreed in writing, the remedies under this article 11 are exclusive of any other remedy for non-conformity.
11.8除非另有书面约定，在货物到达之日起两年之后，买方不得向法院或仲裁机构提出货物不符约定的诉求。双方明确约定，在该两年期限届满之后，卖方以不履行合同为由向买方提出诉求时，买方不得在答辩中主张货物不符约定，或据此提出反请求。
11.8 unless otherwise agreed in writing, no action for lack of conformity can be taken by the buyer, whether before judicial or arbitral tribunals, after 2 years from the date of arrival of the goods. it is expressly agreed that after the expiry of such term, the buyer will not plead non-conformity of the goods, or make a counter-claim thereon, in defence to any action taken by the seller against the buyer for non-performance of this contract.
第12条双方的合作
art. 12 cooperation between the parties
12.1买方应将其顾客或第三方提出的关于交付的货物或涉及货物的知识产权的索赔即时通知卖方。
12.1 the buyer shall promptly inform the seller of any claim made against the buyer by his customers or third parties concerning the goods delivered or intellectual property rights related thereto.
12.2卖方应即时将可能涉及买方产品责任的索赔通知买方。
12.2 the seller will promptly inform the buyer of any claim which may involve the product liability of the buyer.
第13条不可抗力
art. 13 force majeure
13.1 一方对于不履行义务不必承担责任，只要其能证明：
(a)不履行义务是由于其不能控制的阻碍，及
(b)在达成合同时，尽其所能也不能合理地预见该阻碍和其影响，及
(c)其不能合理地避免或克服该阻碍或其影响。
13.1 a party is not liable for a failure to perform any of his obligations in so far as he proves:
(a) that the failure was due to an impediment beyond his control, and
(b) that he could not reasonably be expected to have taken into account the impediment and its effects upon his ability to perform at the time of the conclusion of the contract, and
(c) that he could not reasonably have avoided or overcome it or its effects.
13.2主张免责的一方，尽其所能在知道该阻碍及其影响时，只要可行应将该阻碍及其影响通知另一方。当免责事由消除时，也要发出通知。
13.2 a party seeking relief shall, as soon as practicable after the impediment and its effects upon his ability to perform become known to him, give notice to the other party of such impediment and its effects on his ability to perform. notice shall also be given when the ground of relief ceases.
未发出两种通知中任一种通知的一方，应对本应可以避免的损失承担损害赔偿责任。
failure to give either notice makes the party thus failing liable in damages for loss which otherwise could have been avoided.
13.3在不违反第10.2条的前提下，本条款规定的免责事由使不能履行义务的一方免除了支付损害赔偿金、罚金和其它合同制裁的责任，但只要该事由存在并持续，对于支付拖欠款项利息的责任则不能免除。
13.3 without prejudice to article 10.2, a ground of relief under this clause relieves the party failing to perform from liability in damages, from penalties and other contractual sanctions, except from the duty to pay interest on money owing as long as and to the extent that the ground subsists.
13.4如果免责的事由持续存在超过六个月，任何一方均有权通知解除合同。
13.4 if the grounds of relief subsist for more than six months, either party shall be entitled to terminate the contract with notice.
第14条 争议的解决
art. 14 resolution of disputes
14.1除非另有书面约定，凡因本合同产生的或与本合同有关的任何争议，均应提交中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会天津国际经济金融仲裁中心，按照申请仲裁时该会现行有效的仲裁规则进行仲裁。仲裁裁决是终局的，对双方均有约束力。
14.1 unless otherwise agreed in writing, all disputes arising in connection with the present contract shall be submitted to china international economic and trade arbitration commission, tianjin international economic and financial arbitration center for arbitration, which shall be conducted in accordance with the commission’s arbitration rules in effect at time of applying for arbitration. the arbitral award is final and binding upon both parties.
卖方签字 买方签字
seller buyer
signature signature
_____________ _____________
地点(place)_____________日期(date)___ 地点(place)____ 日期(date)_____________
第6篇 国际货物合作销售合同
2023国际货物合作销售合同号：_________
合同签订日期：_________年_________月_________日
合同签订地点：_________
卖方：_________
地址：_________
公司所在国：_________
电报：_________
传真：_________
买方：_________
地址：_________
公司所在国：_________
电报：_________
传真：_________
买卖双方经友好协商，同意以[_________]fob或[_________]cfr或[_________]cif或[_________]fca或[_________]cpt或[_________]cip术语签订本合同，并就如下条款达成一致：
1.商品名称：_________
2.品质/规格：_________
[_________]按照本合同附件中详细记录(如果具体合同要求)
3.单位：_________
4.数量：_________
[允许在金额及数量上有_________%的损溢，由[_________]卖方或[_________]买方选择。
5.fob/cfr/cif/fca/cpt/cip单位价格_________
6.总额：_________
实交数量按照第4款规定，比原定数量损溢_________%，则应对价格作出相应的调整。[_________]
7.原产国及生产国：_________
8.运输标志：_________
9.装运：_________
9.1装运时间：_________
9.2装运港：_________
9.3卸货港：_________
9.4[_________]允许，或[_________]不允许“甲板上”装运。
9.5[_________]允许，或[_________]不允许转运。
9.6[_________]允许，或[_________]不允许分批装运。
9.7[_________]集装箱运输。
9.8最终目的地：_________
9.9卸货港转货商/货运代理人_________
10.支付条款
卖方银行帐户：_________
买方银行帐户：_________
10.1支付方式：
10.1.1信用证(这一段将作[_________]保留或[_________]删除)。在卖方向买方提示由_________银行开出的、以卖方为受益人的金额为_________的不可撤销的银行保函之日起三十日内，买方应向卖方支付合同总金额_________%的价款，即_________。
银行保函有效期到：[_________]装运回后_________天，如果是分批装运，则在最后一批货物装运后_________天;[_________]最后一批货物到达卸货港之日;[_________]货物到达卸货港之日后_________月。根据卖方装运的货物自动按比例减少保函金额。
10.1.2信用证-即期付款。买方应于[_________]合同规定的装运期第一天(装运日)前_________日，[_________]合同签订后_________日内，通过_________银行，以[_________]电传，[_________]swift，[_________]信函，[_________]简式电报和信函方式出具以卖方的受益人、不可撤销的、金额为_________的[_________]即期付款信用证[_________]议付信用证。信用证的内容应与合同规定相符，信用证的有效期持续至开证日后_________月，以便受益人在当地提示单据。信用证中应含有如下陈述“该信用证以《跟单信用证统一惯例1993年版，国际商会第500号出版物》为准”。
10.1.3信用证-延期付款。买方应于[_________]合同规定的装运期的第一天(装运日)前_________日，[_________]合同签订后_________日内，通过_________银行，以[_________]电传，[_________]swift，[_________]信函，[_________]简式电报和信函方式，出具以卖方为受益人的、金额_________的、不可撤销的信用证，凭[_________]即期[_________]海运提单、航空运单、铁路交货通知或多式联运单据[_________]提示单据，进行[_________]承兑[_________]延期付款[_________]议付。信用证的内容应与合同规定相符，信用证的有效期持续至开证日后_________月，以便受益人在当地提示单据。信用证中应含有如下内容“该信用证以《跟单信用证统一惯例1993年版，国际商会第5o0号出版物》为准。”
10.1.4托收-凭单付款(d/p)。货物装运后，卖方应通过银行向买方出具以买方为付款人的即期汇票并附上队需单据。买方应于(委托银行)提交汇票及所需单据时立即付款。
10.1.5托收-承兑交单(d/a)。货物装运后，卖方应通过买方的银行向买方出具以买方为付款人的，见票_________天付款的汇票及所需的单据以便承兑。买方应于卖方第一次出具汇票及所需的单据时立即承兑，并于汇票到期日付款。
10.1.6汇付。买方应于：[_________]收到所需单据后[_________]天内;[_________]提单日后_________天内，以[_________]电汇，[_________]信汇，[_________]票汇方式将货物发票金额贷款支付到卖方指定银行的卖方帐户。
10.2有关单据。卖方应准备并向买方提交如下单据：
10.2.1汇票。向[_________](银行的名称，在信用证付款方式下)或[_________]买方(在托上付款方式下)出具汇票。
10.2.2运输单据(选择如下之一)
(1)标明通知收货人或_________的全套清洁已装船提单，该提单为[_________]空白抬头;[_________]空白背书，并注明[_________]运费已付或[_________]运费待付。
(2)签发给一不可转让的海洋运单，标明运费[_________]预付;[_________]已付或[_________]待付，通知_________
(3)多式联运单据
(4)航空运输单据(空运单据/空运货单);
(5)铁路运输单据
(6)信使及邮递收据
10.2.3其它单据--需要原本_________份和副本_________份。
(1)商业发票
(2)[_________]保险单[_________]保险凭证
(3)由_________出具的质量检验证明/检验报告/分析证明
(4)原产地证明[_________]
(5)装箱单
(6)重量单
(7)[_________]发货通知书[_________]装船通知
10.2.4其它单据(如要需要)_________
10.3银行费用。依照根据上述10.1款选择的付款方式，买方应承担发生在[_________]开证行(如以信用证支付)，[_________]托收行(如以d/p或d/a方式支付)，[_________]汇付行(如以汇付方式支付)，所在国的所有银行费用。除非双方另有约定。卖方应承担发生在该国以外所有银行费用。
11.交货条款
11.1包装
11.1.1所有货物均须包装，以防止因受潮、生锈、水份、腐蚀及震动致损，且包装应适合[_________]海运，甲板上/非甲板上运输，[_________]多式联运，[_________]集装箱运输。
11.1.2卖方应承担货物因不充分或不适当包装造成的货物损害或灭失的责任。
11.1.3如果持运的货物中包含有易燃成危险品，卖方应在每一包装表面注明运输及搬运中特别注意的事项以及识别号码或国际惯例及/国际规则中对此类物品要求的其它标记。
11.1.4每一包装的尺寸、毛重、净重以及其它必要的注意出项，例如;“不要倒”、“防潮”、“小心轻放”、“固定”等，无论何时如有必要应以不褪色的颜料印刷在每件包装的表面。
11.2装运条款
11.2.1如果是在cfr或cif条件下装运，卖方应在装运前不迟于_________日，以电报/传真的方式通知买方装运船名、船籍、船龄和其它有关该船的详细情况，以及每次装运货物的合同号。经买方对船只公司确认接受后，卖方才可装运。但买方不能无理延迟上述确认，买方应在接到通知后3个工作日内最迟5个工作日内做出确认，否则即视为已被确认。
11.2.2如果是在fob条件下发运货物，买方应按合同规定的装运期订舱。卖方应在合同规定的装运期前至少_________天，以电报/传真的方式，将合同号、商品名称、数量、总金额、件数、总重量、总体积以及货物装运港备妥待运的日期通知买方。买方应于装运船只预计抵达装运港的日期至少_________日前，以电报/传真的方式通知合同号、商品名称、数量、总金额、件数、总重、总体积、及货物在装运港适合装运的日期、买方应至少在船只到达装运港的预计日期前_________日，通知卖方船名，预计抵港日期及合同号，以便卖方办理装运。如果需对运输船只或到达日期做出变动，买方或其货运代理人应及时通知卖方，但不能迟于预计抵达目前_________日，以便卖方做出必要的安排、如果船只未在买方通知的抵达日后_________日内未抵达装运港，买方应承担自_________日后评始计算的一切实际费用，包括仓储费及利息.但这不影响卖方根据合同及国际贸易术语解释通则中的规定所要求的索赔。如果运输船只按卖方通知到达装运港而卖方未能按规定及时货物备妥待运，那么卖方应对空舱费及滞期费负责。
11.2.3如果是在fob/cfr/fca条件下发运货物，卖方应于货物装运完毕后立即以电报/传真的方式向买方及/或其指定的收货人收出发货通知书。该通知书应包括合同号、商品名称、数量、毛重.尺寸、发票金额、提单号、启航日及预计抵达卸货港的日期。如果在fob或cfr条件下装运货物时，卖方未及时向买方及/或其指定的收货人发出发货通知以致买方不能及时投保，那么卖方应对运输过程中货物发生的损害和/或损失负责。
11.2.4此条款应作[_________]保留[_________]删除。货物装运后，卖方应[_________]随船将下列单据的副本一式两份发送给买方：
(1)海运提单(或根据10.2条第2款要求的其它运输单据)
(2)商业发票(分批装运时须注明装腔作势船批号)
(3)装箱单
(4)重量/数量
(5)原产地证书
(6)由_________签发的品质检验证明/检验报告/分析证明
(7)所需的其它单据：_________
11.2.5卖方应在实际装船日后_________工作日内向买方或其指定的收货人航寄上款所列单据副本各一份。
11.2.6装运期以第10条规定的食用证的及时签发为准。发货日报指提单日，航空运单日期，铁路发货通知或多式联运单据日期。
12.保险
如果在fob、cfr、fca、或cpt条件下发运货物，应由买方负责投保。
如果在cif或cip条件下运送货物，卖方应按发票金额的110%投保[_________]平安险，或[_________]水渍险，或[_________]一切险。另投附加险应包括：_________。
13.担保(分别选择13.1或13.2)[_________]
13.1卖方应保证所交付的所有货物的品质、规格和包装符合合同规定。担保期应持续到[_________]若为分批装运，则在最后一批货物交付日后_________月;[_________]在卸货港完成卸货日后_________月，但最迟不能超过交货日后_________月;[_________]货物到达目的的港日后_________月，但无论如何不应超过货物到达卸货港之日后_________月;[_________]双方接受签署的验收证书之日后_________月，但不能超过货物到达卸货港之日后_________月。
13.2卖方应在保证其根据合同交付货物的品质、规格及包装符合合同规定、卖方不担保货物适合特定目的或环境，除非合同另有规定或在签订合同时已告知卖方。担保期一直持续到[_________]交货日后，如果是分批装运，则在最后一批货物交付日后_________月;[_________]在卸货港完成卸货之日后_________月，但最迟到交付日后_________月;[_________]货物到达目的地之日后_________月，但无论在何种情况下不应超过货物到达卸货港之日后_________月;[_________]双方签署验收证书之日后_________月，但不应超过货物到达卸货港之日后_________月。
13.3如果买方发现货物违反上述担保，并根据第17.1条在担保期内通过卖方，而且违反担保的原因在于卖方，那么买方有权向卖方提出索赔，应根据第17条来解决买方担保权利和卖方担保义务。在工厂的书面说明有误，或者对产品非正确使用。或者根据产品的正常损耗性质而对产品的零部件造成的正常损耗的情况下，应排除卖方的担保义务。
14.检验
14.1交货前检验(从14.1.1或是14.2.2中选择一款)[_________]
14.1.1卖方应在货物装运前向检验机构申请对货物的品质、规格、数境、重员、包装、安全、卫生及健康要求根据[_________]本合同中的规定，或[_________]_________标准，进行检验。上述检验机构签发的检验证书构成卖方要求付款时必须出具的单据之一。检验机构：在中华人民共和国：_________进出口商品检验局;如果中国的法律、法规允许其它的检验机构则加入，则_________。在德国：_________;如果强制要求检验则加入_________。
14.1.2工厂检验。卖方应在货物装运前向买方出具工厂根据[_________]合同的规定，或[_________]_________标准对货物的品质、规格、数量、重量、包装及安全、卫生或健康要求签发的检验报告。上述检验报告应构成卖方要求付款时出具的单据之一。
14.2到货检验
为了实现担保存权或其它请求权，买方有权在货物到达[_________]最终目的地[_________]卸货港后向检验机关申请检验货物的权利。检验机构：在中华人民共和国：_________进出口商品检验局;如果中国的法律、法规允许其它的检验机构则加入，则_________。在德国：_________;如果强制要求检验则加入_________。
买方应地检验前向卖方发出检验通知，以便卖方有充足时间参加检验，卖方可以自行决定并承担费用参加检验。如果买方及时通知而卖方不参加。则检验可在卖方缺席的情况下进行。
买方应根据本合同第17.1(1)和或(2)的规定进行检验。
15.不可抗力
合同当有人因洪水、火灾、地震、雪灾、旱灾、冰雹、风或其他该方当事人无法控制，并在签订本合同时不能合理预见、不可避免或无法克服的事件造成其无法履行或迟延履行全部或部分合同义务，则该合同一方当事人应免责。但是，因不可抗力而影响其履约的合同一方应尽快通知另一方条件的发生，并应在事件发生后不迟于_________天向另一方发送由有关机构或某一中立且独立的第三方出具的关于发生不可抗力事件的证明或文件。
如果不可抗力事件持续超过_________天，合同双方可协商合同的履行或终止。如果不可抗力事件发生后_________月内双方不能达成协议，则任何一方有权终止合同。如果合同如此终止，则任一方应自行承担各自的费用，且不能对解除合同有关的损失要求赔偿。
16.延迟赔偿
16.1如果买方在到期时未支付价款，则其有义务向卖方支付未付价款及逾期利息、利率接从到期日至实际支付日以息_________%计算，该逾期利息应按卖方要求支付。
16.2未及时开具信用证。如果买方因为自身的原因未能按合同规定按时开具信用证，除非双方协议有宽限朝，则买方应向卖方支付罚金。罚金应按迟开信用证每_________日收取信用证金额_________%的比率计算，但罚金不能超过买方应开而未开信用证总金额的_________%。在计算罚金时，少于_________日应视为_________日。
16.3未及时交货。如果卖方因自身原因未能按合同规定按时交付所有或部分货物(包括达成一致的文件)，除非双方协议有宽限期，则卖方应向买方支付罚金、罚金应按迟交货物每_________天收取迟交货物总金额的_________%计算，但是，罚金不能超过迟交货物总金额的_________%、在计算罚金时，少于_________日应视为_________日。
16.4在不影响合同双方根据第181条享有的权利下，第16.1条且/或16.2条且/或16.3规定的赔偿应是对于由于此种延迟而造成的损失的唯一赔偿。
17.索赔
17.1如果货物的品质、规格、数量、重显、包装及对安全、卫生或健康的要求不符合合同的规定则买方应在卖方发出索赔通知，并有权以本合同第14.2条规定的检验机构签发的检验证明作为依据向卖方索赔，并在[_________]列出索赔理由：
(1)货物到达最终目的地之日后_________日内只要该日不超过货物到达卸货港之日后_________日;
(2)在保证期内发现故障或缺陷的情况下，最迟应在发现故障后_________周内。
如果货物与合同不符并且卖方应对此负责，则卖方应在收到买方的通知后立即，或至多_________周内，自己承担[_________]费用
(1)修理或替换该货物，或补足短缺的数量、买方不得对所受损失索赔或要求解除合同，除非卖方显然未能修理或替换。
(2)修理或替换该货物，或补足短缺的数量，并且如果买方因卖方而遭受损失的话，则根据第17.4条向买方赔偿。
(3)根据货物瑕疵程度，如果买方遭受损害、损失，则根据其受损害的程度和损失的数量，通过双方协议对货物降价。
如果在双方协商的时间期限内，修理、替换或降价显然没有达到要求，并且/或者此种不符达到了根本性违反合同，则买方有权解除合同。
17.2如果买方未在第17.1(1)和(2)规定的时间内要求索赔，则买方应放弃对数量不足或明显的质量缺陷要求索赔的权利。
17.3卖方在收到本合同第14.2条规定的检验机构出具的检验证明后不迟于_________日对买方的索赔要来作出答复。如果卖方未在上述期限内作出答复，刚买方的索赔要求刚被视为接受。
17.4[_________]本合同中卖方的责任应限于直接损失和直接损害。这一限制不适用于完全疏忽或故意渎职的情形。
[_________]本合同中卖方的责任或因违约而构成的卖方的责任应限于总额_________。这一限制不适用于完全疏忽或故意渎职的情形。
至于下述情况，上述选择之一不适用[_________]：违约一方应对因其违约而由未违约方造成的损失负责，如果违约方在签订合同时根据其已知的事实和情况预见到或理应预见到其违约可能导致未违约方造成损失。
18.终止合同
18.1除非另有规定，本合同在下述任一情况下终止：
(1)通过双方共同书面协议;或
(2)如果另一方完全因其责任在合同规定的时间期限内未履行其义务，程度严重，并且在收到未违约方的书面协议后_________日内未能消除违约影响或采取补救措施，在此种情况下，非违约方应给另一方书面通知来终止合同。
18.2合同终止不影响终止合同方的任何权利，包括但不限于其根据17.4条要求对应合同终止而遭受的损害赔偿的权利。
19.税收
与本合同有关及在执行本合同中由中国政府根据生效的税收法律征收的所有税收由[_________]卖方，即本合同的中方来支付。与本合同有关及在执行本合同中在中华人民共和国领土以外征收的所有税收应由[_________]买方，即本合同的德方支付。
所有税收应以《中华人民共和国与德意志联邦共和国避免双重征税协定》为准。
20.国际贸易术语解释通则
除非合同中另有规定合同的条款应依照国际商会提供的《国际贸易术语解释通则(incoterms1999)国际商会第460号出版物》予以解释。
21.仲裁
因本合同而产生的或与本台同有关的所有争议，包括有关本合同的成立，生效或终止的问题应最终通过仲裁来裁决，排除由通常的法院对争议作出判决。
为了以仲裁来裁决争议，案件应提交给[_________]：
(1)中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会。仲裁程序应在中华人民共和国_________进行。
(2)德国仲裁机构。仲裁程序应在德国_________进行。
(3)_________(合同双方同意的其它国际仲裁机构例如巴黎国际商会的仲裁机构、苏黎士商会的仲裁机构或香港国际仲裁中心。)
仲裁过程应以英语根据双方选择的上述各仲裁机构的程序规则进行。
22.通知
任何通知应以书面形式，并应有专人送交，传真、电传发送或航空快件寄送，当在合同抬头指定的地点由合同方派专人送交时。或若合同方以传真或电报的方式发送，则发送日后一天，或若合同方以信函方式寄送，则另一方收到信函时，通知应被视为送达。
23.其他
23.1附件应构成本合同不可缺少一部分
23.2本合同用英文书就，文件用_________(语言)
23.3生效日期
本合同应生效于[_________](生效日期)
(1)从双方授权的代表正式签订日起。
(2)经_________签署共批准后，如果法律要求批准。批准应在买方签署并通知卖方后30天内取得。
(3)其它条件：_________。
上述条款由买方和卖方协商同意，买方、卖方签字如下。
买方(签字)：_________卖方(签字)：_________
_________年____月____日_________年____月____日合同号：_________
合同签订日期：_________年_________月_________日
合同签订地点：_________
卖方：_________
地址：_________
公司所在国：_________
电报：_________
传真：_________
买方：_________
地址：_________
公司所在国：_________
电报：_________
传真：_________
买卖双方经友好协商，同意以[_________]fob或[_________]cfr或[_________]cif或[_________]fca或[_________]cpt或[_________]cip术语签订本合同，并就如下条款达成一致：
1.商品名称：_________
2.品质/规格：_________
[_________]按照本合同附件中详细记录(如果具体合同要求)
3.单位：_________
4.数量：_________
[允许在金额及数量上有_________%的损溢，由[_________]卖方或[_________]买方选择。
5.fob/cfr/cif/fca/cpt/cip单位价格_________
6.总额：_________
实交数量按照第4款规定，比原定数量损溢_________%，则应对价格作出相应的调整。[_________]
7.原产国及生产国：_________
8.运输标志：_________
9.装运：_________
9.1装运时间：_________
9.2装运港：_________
9.3卸货港：_________
9.4[_________]允许，或[_________]不允许“甲板上”装运。
9.5[_________]允许，或[_________]不允许转运。
9.6[_________]允许，或[_________]不允许分批装运。
9.7[_________]集装箱运输。
9.8最终目的地：_________
9.9卸货港转货商/货运代理人_________
10.支付条款
卖方银行帐户：_________
买方银行帐户：_________
10.1支付方式：
10.1.1信用证(这一段将作[_________]保留或[_________]删除)。在卖方向买方提示由_________银行开出的、以卖方为受益人的金额为_________的不可撤销的银行保函之日起三十日内，买方应向卖方支付合同总金额_________%的价款，即_________。
银行保函有效期到：[_________]装运回后_________天，如果是分批装运，则在最后一批货物装运后_________天;[_________]最后一批货物到达卸货港之日;[_________]货物到达卸货港之日后_________月。根据卖方装运的货物自动按比例减少保函金额。
10.1.2信用证-即期付款。买方应于[_________]合同规定的装运期第一天(装运日)前_________日，[_________]合同签订后_________日内，通过_________银行，以[_________]电传，[_________]swift，[_________]信函，[_________]简式电报和信函方式出具以卖方的受益人、不可撤销的、金额为_________的[_________]即期付款信用证[_________]议付信用证。信用证的内容应与合同规定相符，信用证的有效期持续至开证日后_________月，以便受益人在当地提示单据。信用证中应含有如下陈述“该信用证以《跟单信用证统一惯例1993年版，国际商会第500号出版物》为准”。
10.1.3信用证-延期付款。买方应于[_________]合同规定的装运期的第一天(装运日)前_________日，[_________]合同签订后_________日内，通过_________银行，以[_________]电传，[_________]swift，[_________]信函，[_________]简式电报和信函方式，出具以卖方为受益人的、金额_________的、不可撤销的信用证，凭[_________]即期[_________]海运提单、航空运单、铁路交货通知或多式联运单据[_________]提示单据，进行[_________]承兑[_________]延期付款[_________]议付。信用证的内容应与合同规定相符，信用证的有效期持续至开证日后_________月，以便受益人在当地提示单据。信用证中应含有如下内容“该信用证以《跟单信用证统一惯例1993年版，国际商会第5o0号出版物》为准。”
10.1.4托收-凭单付款(d/p)。货物装运后，卖方应通过银行向买方出具以买方为付款人的即期汇票并附上队需单据。买方应于(委托银行)提交汇票及所需单据时立即付款。
10.1.5托收-承兑交单(d/a)。货物装运后，卖方应通过买方的银行向买方出具以买方为付款人的，见票_________天付款的汇票及所需的单据以便承兑。买方应于卖方第一次出具汇票及所需的单据时立即承兑，并于汇票到期日付款。
10.1.6汇付。买方应于：[_________]收到所需单据后[_________]天内;[_________]提单日后_________天内，以[_________]电汇，[_________]信汇，[_________]票汇方式将货物发票金额贷款支付到卖方指定银行的卖方帐户。
10.2有关单据。卖方应准备并向买方提交如下单据：
10.2.1汇票。向[_________](银行的名称，在信用证付款方式下)或[_________]买方(在托上付款方式下)出具汇票。
10.2.2运输单据(选择如下之一)
(1)标明通知收货人或_________的全套清洁已装船提单，该提单为[_________]空白抬头;[_________]空白背书，并注明[_________]运费已付或[_________]运费待付。
(2)签发给一不可转让的海洋运单，标明运费[_________]预付;[_________]已付或[_________]待付，通知_________
(3)多式联运单据
(4)航空运输单据(空运单据/空运货单);
(5)铁路运输单据
(6)信使及邮递收据
10.2.3其它单据--需要原本_________份和副本_________份。
(1)商业发票
(2)[_________]保险单[_________]保险凭证
(3)由_________出具的质量检验证明/检验报告/分析证明
(4)原产地证明[_________]
(5)装箱单
(6)重量单
(7)[_________]发货通知书[_________]装船通知
10.2.4其它单据(如要需要)_________
10.3银行费用。依照根据上述10.1款选择的付款方式，买方应承担发生在[_________]开证行(如以信用证支付)，[_________]托收行(如以d/p或d/a方式支付)，[_________]汇付行(如以汇付方式支付)，所在国的所有银行费用。除非双方另有约定。卖方应承担发生在该国以外所有银行费用。
11.交货条款
11.1包装
11.1.1所有货物均须包装，以防止因受潮、生锈、水份、腐蚀及震动致损，且包装应适合[_________]海运，甲板上/非甲板上运输，[_________]多式联运，[_________]集装箱运输。
11.1.2卖方应承担货物因不充分或不适当包装造成的货物损害或灭失的责任。
11.1.3如果持运的货物中包含有易燃成危险品，卖方应在每一包装表面注明运输及搬运中特别注意的事项以及识别号码或国际惯例及/国际规则中对此类物品要求的其它标记。
11.1.4每一包装的尺寸、毛重、净重以及其它必要的注意出项，例如;“不要倒”、“防潮”、“小心轻放”、“固定”等，无论何时如有必要应以不褪色的颜料印刷在每件包装的表面。
11.2装运条款
11.2.1如果是在cfr或cif条件下装运，卖方应在装运前不迟于_________日，以电报/传真的方式通知买方装运船名、船籍、船龄和其它有关该船的详细情况，以及每次装运货物的合同号。经买方对船只公司确认接受后，卖方才可装运。但买方不能无理延迟上述确认，买方应在接到通知后3个工作日内最迟5个工作日内做出确认，否则即视为已被确认。
11.2.2如果是在fob条件下发运货物，买方应按合同规定的装运期订舱。卖方应在合同规定的装运期前至少_________天，以电报/传真的方式，将合同号、商品名称、数量、总金额、件数、总重量、总体积以及货物装运港备妥待运的日期通知买方。买方应于装运船只预计抵达装运港的日期至少_________日前，以电报/传真的方式通知合同号、商品名称、数量、总金额、件数、总重、总体积、及货物在装运港适合装运的日期、买方应至少在船只到达装运港的预计日期前_________日，通知卖方船名，预计抵港日期及合同号，以便卖方办理装运。如果需对运输船只或到达日期做出变动，买方或其货运代理人应及时通知卖方，但不能迟于预计抵达目前_________日，以便卖方做出必要的安排、如果船只未在买方通知的抵达日后_________日内未抵达装运港，买方应承担自_________日后评始计算的一切实际费用，包括仓储费及利息.但这不影响卖方根据合同及国际贸易术语解释通则中的规定所要求的索赔。如果运输船只按卖方通知到达装运港而卖方未能按规定及时货物备妥待运，那么卖方应对空舱费及滞期费负责。
11.2.3如果是在fob/cfr/fca条件下发运货物，卖方应于货物装运完毕后立即以电报/传真的方式向买方及/或其指定的收货人收出发货通知书。该通知书应包括合同号、商品名称、数量、毛重.尺寸、发票金额、提单号、启航日及预计抵达卸货港的日期。如果在fob或cfr条件下装运货物时，卖方未及时向买方及/或其指定的收货人发出发货通知以致买方不能及时投保，那么卖方应对运输过程中货物发生的损害和/或损失负责。
11.2.4此条款应作[_________]保留[_________]删除。货物装运后，卖方应[_________]随船将下列单据的副本一式两份发送给买方：
(1)海运提单(或根据10.2条第2款要求的其它运输单据)
(2)商业发票(分批装运时须注明装腔作势船批号)
(3)装箱单
(4)重量/数量
(5)原产地证书
(6)由_________签发的品质检验证明/检验报告/分析证明
(7)所需的其它单据：_________
11.2.5卖方应在实际装船日后_________工作日内向买方或其指定的收货人航寄上款所列单据副本各一份。
11.2.6装运期以第10条规定的食用证的及时签发为准。发货日报指提单日，航空运单日期，铁路发货通知或多式联运单据日期。
12.保险
如果在fob、cfr、fca、或cpt条件下发运货物，应由买方负责投保。
如果在cif或cip条件下运送货物，卖方应按发票金额的110%投保[_________]平安险，或[_________]水渍险，或[_________]一切险。另投附加险应包括：_________。
13.担保(分别选择13.1或13.2)[_________]
13.1卖方应保证所交付的所有货物的品质、规格和包装符合合同规定。担保期应持续到[_________]若为分批装运，则在最后一批货物交付日后_________月;[_________]在卸货港完成卸货日后_________月，但最迟不能超过交货日后_________月;[_________]货物到达目的的港日后_________月，但无论如何不应超过货物到达卸货港之日后_________月;[_________]双方接受签署的验收证书之日后_________月，但不能超过货物到达卸货港之日后_________月。
13.2卖方应在保证其根据合同交付货物的品质、规格及包装符合合同规定、卖方不担保货物适合特定目的或环境，除非合同另有规定或在签订合同时已告知卖方。担保期一直持续到[_________]交货日后，如果是分批装运，则在最后一批货物交付日后_________月;[_________]在卸货港完成卸货之日后_________月，但最迟到交付日后_________月;[_________]货物到达目的地之日后_________月，但无论在何种情况下不应超过货物到达卸货港之日后_________月;[_________]双方签署验收证书之日后_________月，但不应超过货物到达卸货港之日后_________月。
13.3如果买方发现货物违反上述担保，并根据第17.1条在担保期内通过卖方，而且违反担保的原因在于卖方，那么买方有权向卖方提出索赔，应根据第17条来解决买方担保权利和卖方担保义务。在工厂的书面说明有误，或者对产品非正确使用。或者根据产品的正常损耗性质而对产品的零部件造成的正常损耗的情况下，应排除卖方的担保义务。
14.检验
14.1交货前检验(从14.1.1或是14.2.2中选择一款)[_________]
14.1.1卖方应在货物装运前向检验机构申请对货物的品质、规格、数境、重员、包装、安全、卫生及健康要求根据[_________]本合同中的规定，或[_________]_________标准，进行检验。上述检验机构签发的检验证书构成卖方要求付款时必须出具的单据之一。检验机构：在中华人民共和国：_________进出口商品检验局;如果中国的法律、法规允许其它的检验机构则加入，则_________。在德国：_________;如果强制要求检验则加入_________。
14.1.2工厂检验。卖方应在货物装运前向买方出具工厂根据[_________]合同的规定，或[_________]_________标准对货物的品质、规格、数量、重量、包装及安全、卫生或健康要求签发的检验报告。上述检验报告应构成卖方要求付款时出具的单据之一。
14.2到货检验
为了实现担保存权或其它请求权，买方有权在货物到达[_________]最终目的地[_________]卸货港后向检验机关申请检验货物的权利。检验机构：在中华人民共和国：_________进出口商品检验局;如果中国的法律、法规允许其它的检验机构则加入，则_________。在德国：_________;如果强制要求检验则加入_________。
买方应地检验前向卖方发出检验通知，以便卖方有充足时间参加检验，卖方可以自行决定并承担费用参加检验。如果买方及时通知而卖方不参加。则检验可在卖方缺席的情况下进行。
买方应根据本合同第17.1(1)和或(2)的规定进行检验。
15.不可抗力
合同当有人因洪水、火灾、地震、雪灾、旱灾、冰雹、风或其他该方当事人无法控制，并在签订本合同时不能合理预见、不可避免或无法克服的事件造成其无法履行或迟延履行全部或部分合同义务，则该合同一方当事人应免责。但是，因不可抗力而影响其履约的合同一方应尽快通知另一方条件的发生，并应在事件发生后不迟于_________天向另一方发送由有关机构或某一中立且独立的第三方出具的关于发生不可抗力事件的证明或文件。
如果不可抗力事件持续超过_________天，合同双方可协商合同的履行或终止。如果不可抗力事件发生后_________月内双方不能达成协议，则任何一方有权终止合同。如果合同如此终止，则任一方应自行承担各自的费用，且不能对解除合同有关的损失要求赔偿。
16.延迟赔偿
16.1如果买方在到期时未支付价款，则其有义务向卖方支付未付价款及逾期利息、利率接从到期日至实际支付日以息_________%计算，该逾期利息应按卖方要求支付。
16.2未及时开具信用证。如果买方因为自身的原因未能按合同规定按时开具信用证，除非双方协议有宽限朝，则买方应向卖方支付罚金。罚金应按迟开信用证每_________日收取信用证金额_________%的比率计算，但罚金不能超过买方应开而未开信用证总金额的_________%。在计算罚金时，少于_________日应视为_________日。
16.3未及时交货。如果卖方因自身原因未能按合同规定按时交付所有或部分货物(包括达成一致的文件)，除非双方协议有宽限期，则卖方应向买方支付罚金、罚金应按迟交货物每_________天收取迟交货物总金额的_________%计算，但是，罚金不能超过迟交货物总金额的_________%、在计算罚金时，少于_________日应视为_________日。
16.4在不影响合同双方根据第181条享有的权利下，第16.1条且/或16.2条且/或16.3规定的赔偿应是对于由于此种延迟而造成的损失的唯一赔偿。
17.索赔
17.1如果货物的品质、规格、数量、重显、包装及对安全、卫生或健康的要求不符合合同的规定则买方应在卖方发出索赔通知，并有权以本合同第14.2条规定的检验机构签发的检验证明作为依据向卖方索赔，并在[_________]列出索赔理由：
(1)货物到达最终目的地之日后_________日内只要该日不超过货物到达卸货港之日后_________日;
(2)在保证期内发现故障或缺陷的情况下，最迟应在发现故障后_________周内。
如果货物与合同不符并且卖方应对此负责，则卖方应在收到买方的通知后立即，或至多_________周内，自己承担[_________]费用
(1)修理或替换该货物，或补足短缺的数量、买方不得对所受损失索赔或要求解除合同，除非卖方显然未能修理或替换。
(2)修理或替换该货物，或补足短缺的数量，并且如果买方因卖方而遭受损失的话，则根据第17.4条向买方赔偿。
(3)根据货物瑕疵程度，如果买方遭受损害、损失，则根据其受损害的程度和损失的数量，通过双方协议对货物降价。
如果在双方协商的时间期限内，修理、替换或降价显然没有达到要求，并且/或者此种不符达到了根本性违反合同，则买方有权解除合同。
17.2如果买方未在第17.1(1)和(2)规定的时间内要求索赔，则买方应放弃对数量不足或明显的质量缺陷要求索赔的权利。
17.3卖方在收到本合同第14.2条规定的检验机构出具的检验证明后不迟于_________日对买方的索赔要来作出答复。如果卖方未在上述期限内作出答复，刚买方的索赔要求刚被视为接受。
17.4[_________]本合同中卖方的责任应限于直接损失和直接损害。这一限制不适用于完全疏忽或故意渎职的情形。
[_________]本合同中卖方的责任或因违约而构成的卖方的责任应限于总额_________。这一限制不适用于完全疏忽或故意渎职的情形。
至于下述情况，上述选择之一不适用[_________]：违约一方应对因其违约而由未违约方造成的损失负责，如果违约方在签订合同时根据其已知的事实和情况预见到或理应预见到其违约可能导致未违约方造成损失。
18.终止合同
18.1除非另有规定，本合同在下述任一情况下终止：
(1)通过双方共同书面协议;或
(2)如果另一方完全因其责任在合同规定的时间期限内未履行其义务，程度严重，并且在收到未违约方的书面协议后_________日内未能消除违约影响或采取补救措施，在此种情况下，非违约方应给另一方书面通知来终止合同。
18.2合同终止不影响终止合同方的任何权利，包括但不限于其根据17.4条要求对应合同终止而遭受的损害赔偿的权利。
19.税收
与本合同有关及在执行本合同中由中国政府根据生效的税收法律征收的所有税收由[_________]卖方，即本合同的中方来支付。与本合同有关及在执行本合同中在中华人民共和国领土以外征收的所有税收应由[_________]买方，即本合同的德方支付。
所有税收应以《中华人民共和国与德意志联邦共和国避免双重征税协定》为准。
20.国际贸易术语解释通则
除非合同中另有规定合同的条款应依照国际商会提供的《国际贸易术语解释通则(incoterms1999)国际商会第460号出版物》予以解释。
21.仲裁
因本合同而产生的或与本台同有关的所有争议，包括有关本合同的成立，生效或终止的问题应最终通过仲裁来裁决，排除由通常的法院对争议作出判决。
为了以仲裁来裁决争议，案件应提交给[_________]：
(1)中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会。仲裁程序应在中华人民共和国_________进行。
(2)德国仲裁机构。仲裁程序应在德国_________进行。
(3)_________(合同双方同意的其它国际仲裁机构例如巴黎国际商会的仲裁机构、苏黎士商会的仲裁机构或香港国际仲裁中心。)
仲裁过程应以英语根据双方选择的上述各仲裁机构的程序规则进行。
22.通知
任何通知应以书面形式，并应有专人送交，传真、电传发送或航空快件寄送，当在合同抬头指定的地点由合同方派专人送交时。或若合同方以传真或电报的方式发送，则发送日后一天，或若合同方以信函方式寄送，则另一方收到信函时，通知应被视为送达。
23.其他
23.1附件应构成本合同不可缺少一部分
23.2本合同用英文书就，文件用_________(语言)
23.3生效日期
本合同应生效于[_________](生效日期)
(1)从双方授权的代表正式签订日起。
(2)经_________签署共批准后，如果法律要求批准。批准应在买方签署并通知卖方后30天内取得。
(3)其它条件：_________。
上述条款由买方和卖方协商同意，买方、卖方签字如下。
买方(签字)：_________卖方(签字)：_________
第7篇 国际货物销售合同
国际货物 销售合同
第一部分 特别条款
part i specific conditions
该特别条款不限制当事人双方作出另外的约定。
these specific conditions does not prevent the parties from agreeing other terms or further details in box i-16 or in one or more annexes.
卖 方： 买 方：
seller:________________ buyer: ______________________
地址（address）: ___________ 地址（address）: ___________________
电话（tel）: _____________ 电话（tel）: ___________________
传真（fax）: _____________ 传真（fax）: ___________________
电邮（e-mail）:____________ 电邮（e-mail）: ___________________
联 系 人： 联 系 人：
contact person: _________ contact person:_______________
地址（address）: ___________ 地址（address）: ___________________
电话（tel）: _____________ 电话（tel）: ___________________
传真（fax）:_____________ 传真（fax）:___________________
电邮（e-mail）: ____________ 电邮（e-mail）: ___________________
本销售合同由第一部分的特别条款（相应的栏目中应填写了内容）和第二部分的一般条款组成，并受该两部分的约束。
the present contract of sale will be governed by these specific conditions (to the extent that the relevant boxes have been completed) and by the general conditions of sale which constitute part ii of this document.
i-1 销售的货物
i-1 goods sold
_____________
_____________
货物的品名及规格
description of the goods
若空白处不够填写，可使用附件。
an annex may be used if there is insufficient space.
i-2 合同价款（第4条）
i-2 contract price (art. 4)
货 币：
currency:
用数字表述的金额： 用文字表述的金额：
amount in numbers:______ ____________________ amount in letters:_______________
i-3 交货贸易术语
i-3 delivery terms
推荐的贸易术语（依照《2000年国际贸易术语解释通则》）
recommended terms (according to incoterms 2000):
______ exw 工厂交货（ex works） 指定地点（named place）:______
______ fca 货交承运人（free carrier） 指定地点（named place）:______
______ cpt 运费付至（carriage paid to ）指定目的地（named place of destination）:_____
______ cip 运费、保险费付至 指定目的地:_________________________
（carriage and insurance paid to）named place of destination:______
______ daf 边境交货（delivered at frontier）指定地点（ named place）:____
______ ddu 未完税交货 指定目的地:_______________________
（delivered duty unpaid） named place of destination: ____
______ ddp 完税后交货 指定目的地: _______________________
（delivered duty paid） named place of destination: ____
其它贸易术语（依照《2000年国际贸易术语解释通则》）
other terms (according to incoterms 2000)
______ fas 船边交货 指定装运港：_______________________
（free alongside ship） named port of shipment: ____
______ fob 船上交货 指定装运港：_______________________
（free on board） named port of shipment: ____
______ cfr 成本加运费 指定目的港：_______________________
（cost and freight） named port of destination:____
______ cif 成本、运费加保险费 指定目的港：___________________
（cost insurance and freight ）named port of destination:____
______ des 目的港船上交货 指定目的港：_____________________
（delivered ex ship） named port of destination:____
______ deq 目的港码头交货 指定目的港：_______________________
（delivered ex quay） named port of destination:____
其它交货贸易术语：
other delivery terms：
承运人（当需要时）
carrier (where applicable)
地址（address）: ___________
电话（tel）: _____________
传真（fax）: _____________
电邮（e-mail）: _____________
联系人：
contact person: _________
地址（address）: ___________
电话（tel）: _____________
传真（fax）: _____________
电邮（e-mail）: _____________
i-4 交货时间
i-4 time of delivery
（在此处注明卖方依照相应的贸易术语中第a4款的规定必须履行交付货物义务的日期或期限）
indicate here the date or period (e.g. week or month) at which or within which the seller must perform his delivery obligations according to clause a.4 of the respective incoterm.
_____________
_____________
i-5 买方对货物的检验（第3条）
i-5 inspection of the goods by buyer (art. 3)
装运之前（before shipment）____天（date）检验地（place of inspection）: __________________ 其它（other）: ________________
i-6 货物所有权的保留（第7条）
i-6 retention of title (art. 7)
____ 是（yes）
____ 否（no）
i-7 付款条件（第5条）
i-7 payment conditions (art. 5)
往来帐户付款（第5.1条）
___ payment on open account (art. 5.1)
付款时间（如与第5.1条的规定不同）〔time for payment (if different from art. 5.1) ：开出发票之日起____ 天。 其它：_____________days from date of invoice. other: _______开立需要即期担保或备用信用证保证的帐户（第5.5条） __ open account backed by demand guarantee or standby letter of credit (art. 5.5)
预先付款（第5.2条）
___ payment in advance (art. 5.2)
日期（如与第5.2条规定不同）：_________ 总价款_____ 合同价款的___%
date (if different from art. 5.2): ____________ total price ______% of the price
跟单托收（第5.5条）
___ documentary collection (art. 5.5)
___付款交单(d/p documents against payment )_________
承兑交单(d/a documents against acceptance)_______
不可撤销的跟单信用证（第5.3条）
___ irrevocable documentary credit (art. 5.3)
___保兑（confirmed） ___ 非保兑（unconfirmed）
发出地（如适用时）〔place of issue (if applicable)〕: _________
保兑地（如适用时）〔place of confirmation (if applicable)〕: _________
款项的取得（credit available）:
__ 即期付款（by payment at sight）
__ 延期付款（by deferred payment at）: ___ 天（days）
__ 承兑 汇票 （by acceptance of drafts at）: ___ 天（days）
__ 议付（by negotiation）
部分装运（partial shipments）: __ 允许（allowed） __不允许（not allowed）
转运（transhipment）: __ 允许（allowed） __ 不允许（not allowed）
必须向卖方通知跟单信用证的日期（如果与第5.3条不同）：
交货日前______天 其它：_______________
date on which the documentary credit must be notified to seller (if different from art. 5.3)
________ days before date of delivery __ other: _____________
____ 其它（other）: _______________
比如：采用 支票 、银行汇票、电子资金转让至卖方指定的银行帐户。 (e.g. cheque, bank draft, electronic funds transfer to designated bank account of seller)
i-8 单证
i-8 documents
（在此处注明卖方提供的单证。建议当事人对照其在特别条款第i-3款中选定的贸易术语。）
indicate here documents to be provided by seller. parties are advised to check the incoterm they have selected under i-3 of these specific conditions.
__ 装运单证（transport documents）: 注明要求提交的装运单证的类型（indicate type of transport document required ）_________
__ 商业发票（commercial invoice） __ 原产地证书（certificate of origin）
__ 装箱单（packing list） __ 检验证书（certificate of inspection）
__ 保险单（insurance document） __ 其它单证（other）: ____________
i-9 解除合同 日期
i-9 cancellation date
（当双方要修改第10.3条时， 才应填写）
to be completed only if the parties wish to modify article 10.3
不论何种原因（包括不可抗力），如果货物在____年___月___日之前不能交付，买方有权通知卖方立即解除合同。
if the goods are not delivered for any reason whatsoever (including force majeure) by (date) _______ the buyer will be entitled to cancel the contract immediately by notification to the seller.
i-10 迟延交货责任（第10.1、10.4和11.3条）
i-10 liability for delay (art. 10.1, 10.4 and 11.3)
（当双方当事人要修改第10.1、10.4和11.3条时， 才应填写）
to be completed only if the parties wish to modify art. 10.1, 10.4 or 11.3
迟延交付货物约定的损害 赔偿金 应为：迟延交付货物价款的______％/周，最高不超过迟延交付货物价款的______％。
liquidated damages for delay in delivery shall be:
__ ____ % (of price of delayed goods) per week, with a maximum of ____ % (of price of delayed goods)
或者（or）:
__ ________ (注明具体金额)（specify amount）.
如果因迟延交货终止合同，卖方迟延交货应支付的赔偿金限制为未交付货物价款的_____%.
in case of termination for delay, seller’s liability for damages for delay is limited to ____ % of the price of the non-delivered goods.
i-11 货物不符约定的责任限制（第11.5条）
i-11 limitation of liability for lack of conformity (art. 11.5)
（当双方当事人要修改第11.5条时， 才应填写）
to be completed only if the parties wish to modify art. 11.5.
卖方由于交付不符约定的货物应承担的损害赔偿金应为：
应限于已证明的损失（包括导致的间接损失、利润损失等），不超出合同价款的______%
seller’s liability for damages arising from lack of conformity of the goods shall be:
___ limited to proven loss (including consequential loss, loss of profit, etc.) not exceeding ___ % of the contract price
或者（or）:
___ 具体列举如下〔as follows (specify)〕:
_____________
i-12买方保留不符约定货物时的责任限制（第11.6条）
i-12 limitation of liability where non-conforming goods are retained by the buyer (art. 11.6)
（当双方当事人要修改第11.6条时， 才应填写）
to be completed only if the parties wish to modify art. 11.6
保留约定不符的货物所作出的价格减让应不超过：这些货物价款的_____%.
the price abatement for retained non-conforming goods shall not exceed:
___ ___% of the price of such goods。
或者（or）:
___ ________ (列明具体的数额）(specify amount)
i-13 时间限制（第11.8条）
i-13 time-bar (art.11.8)
（当双方当事人要修改第11.8条时， 才应填写）
to be completed only if the parties wish to modify art. 11.8.
由于交付的货物与合同约定不符，买方应自货物到达目的港之日起不迟于_____天内提出诉求（第11.8条列明的情况）。
any action for non-conformity of the goods (as defined in article 11.8) must be taken by the buyer not later than __________ from the date of arrival of the goods at destination.
i-14(a), i-14(b) 适用的法律（第1.2条）
i-14(a), i-14(b) applicable law (art.1.2)
（当双方当事人想适用某国法律而不适用《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》时，才应填写）
以下的做法不予推荐
to be completed only if the parties wish to submit the sale contract to a national law instead of cisg. the solution hereunder is not recommended ：
（a）本销售合同适用______________（国名）国内法。
(a) this sales contract is governed by the domestic law of __________ (country)
（当双方当事人对于《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》没有规定的事项不想适用卖方所在国法律时，才应填写）
to be completed if the parties wish to choose a law other than that of the seller for questions not covered by cisg
（b）《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》没有规定的任何事项，应适用______________（国名）法律。
(b) any questions not covered by cisg will be governed by the law of ____________ (country).
i-15 其它事项
i-15 other
第二部分 一般条款
part ii general conditions
第一条 总则
art. 1 general
1.1 这些一般条款与第一部分的特别条款一起适用于本国际货物销售合同，但也可以将这些一般条款加入其它任何的销售合同。当第二部分的一般条款独立于第一部分的特别条款使用时，第二部分对第一部分的任何援引应解释为对双方约定的对应的特别条款的援引。当这些一般条款与双方约定的任何特别条款相矛盾时，应以特别条款为准。
1.1 these general conditions are intended to be applied together with the specific conditions (part i) of the international sale contract of manufactured goods, but they may also be incorporated on their own into any sale contract. where these general conditions (part ii) are used independently of the said specific conditions (part i), any reference in part ii to part i will be interpreted as a reference to any relevant specific conditions agreed by the parties. in case of contradiction between these general conditions and any specific conditions agreed upon between the parties, the specific conditions shall prevail.
1.2 合同自身（即指这些一般条款和双方当事人约定的特别条款）的规定中未明示或默示处理的与本合同有关的任何事项应适用：
a．《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》（1980年维也纳公约，下称《销售公约》），和
b．在《销售公约》未对这些事项作出规定时，适用卖方营业所在地国法律。
1.2 any questions relating to this contract which are not expressly or implicitly settled by the provisions contained in the contract itself (i.e. these general conditions and any specific conditions agreed upon by the parties) shall be governed:
a. by the united nations convention on contracts for the international sale of goods (vienna convention of 1980, hereafter referred to as cisg), and
b. to the extent that such questions are not covered by cisg, by reference to the law of the country where the seller has his place of business.
1.3 援引的任何贸易术语（比如：exw，fca 等）应视为国际商会出版的《国际贸易术语解释通则》中对应的贸易术语。
1.3 any reference made to trade terms (such as exw, fca, etc.) is deemed to be made to the relevant term of incoterms published by the international chamber of commerce.
1.4 援引的国际商会的出版物应视为达成本合同时最新的版本。
1.4 any reference made to a publication of the international chamber of commerce is deemed to be made to the version current at the date of conclusion of the contract.
1.5 除非达成书面协议或有书面 证据 证明，任何对本合同的修改均无效。但是，当另一方信赖该方所作出的行为时，该方由于其作出的行为而不得主张该款规定。1.5 no modification of the contract is valid unless agreed or evidenced in writing. however, a party may be precluded by his conduct from asserting this provision to the extent that the other party has relied on that conduct.
第2条 货物的特征
art. 2 characteristics of the goods
2.1 双方约定，与货物及其用途有关的任何资料，比如；包含在卖方的目录、说明书、函件、广告、图片和价目表中的重量、尺寸、容量、价格、颜色和其它数据不应作为生效的合同条款，除非在合同中明确作了约定。
2.1 it is agreed that any information relating to the goods and their use, such as weights, dimensions, capacities, prices, colours and other data contained in catalogues, prospectuses, circulars, advertisements, illustrations, price-lists of the seller, shall not take effect as terms of the contract unless expressly referred to in the contract.
2.2 除非另有约定，买方不拥有购买的软件、制图等产品中的 知识产权 。卖方仍然是货物涉及的知识产权或工业产权的独占所有权人。
2.2 unless otherwise agreed, the buyer does not acquire any property rights in software, drawings, etc. which may have been made available to him. the seller also remains the exclusive owner of any intellectual or industrial property rights relating to the goods.
第3条 货物装运前的检验
art. 3 inspection of the goods before shipment
如果双方约定买方有权在装运前对货物进行检验，卖方必须在装运前的合理时间内通知买方，货物在约定的地点已准备好进行检验。
if the parties have agreed that the buyer is entitled to inspect the goods before shipment, the seller must notify the buyer within a reasonable time before the shipment that the goods are ready for inspection at the agreed place.
第4条 价格
art. 4 price
4.1 如果没有约定货物的价格，将适用达成合同时卖方最新列出的价格。若没有这样的最新列出的价格，将适用达成合同时这些货物的一般价格。
4.1 if no price has been agreed, the seller’s current list price at the time of the conclusion of the contract shall apply. in the absence of such a current list price, the price generally charged for such goods at the time of the conclusion of the contract shall apply.
4.2 除非另有书面约定，货物价格不包含 增值税 ，没有必要调整价格。
4.2 unless otherwise agreed in writing, the price does not include vat, and is not subject to price adjustment.
4.3 第i-2款（合同价款）注明的价款包括卖方按照本合同的约定收取的任何费用。但是，如果卖方承担了依照本合同的约定应由买方承担的费用（比如：exw或fca术语中的运输费或保险费），那么这些款项不应视为已包含在第i-2款项下注明的价款中，买方应予偿还。
4.3 the price indicated under i-2 (contract price) includes any costs which are at the seller’s charge according to this contract. however, should the seller bear any costs which, according to this contract, are for the buyer’s account (e.g. for transportation or insurance under exw or fca), such sums shall not be considered as having been included in the price under i-2 and shall be reimbursed by the buyer.
第5条 支付条件
art. 5 payment conditions
5.1 除非另有书面约定或者双方之间此前交易另有默契，买方应通过往来帐户向卖方支付价款和其它应付的款项，支付时间是开出发票之日起30日。除非另有约定，到期应付的款项应可在结算时远程转帐至卖方在其所在国开立的帐户，当相应的应付款项作为可立即存取的资金为卖方银行收到时，应视为买方履行了其付款义务。
5.1 unless otherwise agreed in writing, or implied from a prior course of dealing between the parties, payment of the price and of any other sums due by the buyer to the seller shall be on open account and time of payment shall be 30 days from the date of invoice. the amounts due shall be transferred, unless otherwise agreed, by teletransmission to the seller’s bank in the seller’s country for the account of the seller and the buyer shall be deemed to have performed his payment obligations when the respective sums due have been received by the seller’s bank in immediately available funds.
5.2 如双方约定预先付款，则无须作出进一步的表示，支付的预先付款应指全部的价款，除非另有约定。而且预先付款必须作为可立即存取的资金，在约定的交货日期或者约定的交货期限内最早的一天之前至少30日为卖方银行收到。如果双方约定仅预先支付部分合同价款，剩余价款的支付条件将按照本条款中规定的规则确定。
5.2 if the parties have agreed on payment in advance, without further indication, it will be assumed that such advance payment, unless otherwise agreed, refers to the full price, and that the advance payment must be received by the seller’s bank in immediately available funds at least 30 days before the agreed date of delivery or the earliest date within the agreed delivery period. if advance payment has been agreed only for a part of the contract price, the payment conditions of the remaining amount will be determined according to the rules set forth in this article.
5.3 如果双方约定通过跟单信用证付款，除非另有约定，买方必须按照国际商会出版的《跟单信用证统一惯例》的规定安排一家著名的银行开出一张以卖方为受益人的跟单信用证，并且在约定交货日之前至少30日或者在约定的交货期限内最早一天前至少30日作出通知。除非另有约定，跟单信用证应为即期、允许部分装运和转运。
5.3 if the parties have agreed on payment by documentary credit, then, unless otherwise agreed, the buyer must arrange for a documentary credit in favour of the seller to be issued by a reputable bank, subject to the uniform customs and practice for documentary credits published by the international chamber of commerce, and to be notified at least 30 days before the agreed date of delivery or at least 30 days before the earliest date within the agreed delivery period. unless otherwise agreed, the documentary credit shall be payable at sight and allow partial shipments and transhipments.
5.4 如果双方约定通过跟单托收付款，那么，除非另有约定，单证应在付款时交付（付款交单），单证的交付无论如何应受国际商会出版的《托收统一规则》支配。
5.4 if the parties have agreed on payment by documentary collection, then, unless otherwise agreed, documents will be tendered against payment (d/p) and the tender will in any case be subject to the uniform rules for collections published by the international chamber of commerce.
5.5 在双方约定付款需要银行担保支持的情况下，在约定的交货日之前至少30日或者在约定的交货期限内最早日期之前至少30日，买方应按照国际商会出版的《即期担保统一规则》的规定提供一份即期银行担保，或者按照该规则或国际商会出版的《跟单信用证统一惯例》的规定提供一份备用信用证，在两种情况下，均应由一家著名的银行开出。
5.5 to the extent that the parties have agreed that payment is to be backed by a bank guarantee, the buyer is to provide, at least 30 days before the agreed date of delivery or at least 30 days before the earliest date within the agreed delivery period, a first demand bank guarantee subject to the uniform rules for demand guarantees published by the international chamber of commerce, or a standby letter of credit subject either to such rules or to the uniform customs and practice for documentary credits published by the international chamber of commerce, in either case issued by a reputable bank.
第6条 迟延付款时的利息
art. 6 interest in case of delayed payment
6.1 如果一方未支付到期款项，另一方有权从该款项到期应支付之日起对该笔款项计算利息。
6.1 if a party does not pay a sum of money when it falls due the other party is entitled to interest upon that sum from the time when payment is due to the time of payment.
6.2 除非另有约定，利率应高于付款货币在付款地适用于一般借款人的平均的银行短期 贷款利率 的2％，或者若在付款地没有这种利率时，适用付款货币国的相同的利率。如果在这两个地方均不存在该种利率，利率应是依照付款货币国法律确定的适当的利率。
6.2 unless otherwise agreed, the rate of interest shall be 2% above the average bank short-term lending rate to prime borrowers prevailing for the currency of payment at the place of payment, or where no such rate exists at that place, then the same rate in the state of the currency of payment. in the absence of such a rate at either place the rate of interest shall be the appropriate rate fixed by the law of the state of the currency of payment.
第7条 货物所有权的保留
art. 7 retention of title
如果双方对于货物所有权的保留作了有效的约定，卖方对货物保留所有权直到价款支付完毕为止，或者依另外的约定。
if the parties have validly agreed on retention of title, the goods shall remain the property of the seller until the complete payment of the price, or as otherwise agreed.
第8条 合同的交货贸易术语
art. 8 contractual term of delivery
除非另有约定，应采用“工厂交货”（exw）方式交货。
unless otherwise agreed, delivery shall be ''ex works'' (exw).
第9条 单证
art. 9 documents
除非另有约定，卖方必须提供适用的国际贸易术语中要求的单证（如有的话），或者如果没有适用的国际贸易术语，则按照先前交易过程确定。unless otherwise agreed, the seller must provide the documents (if any) indicated in the applicable incoterm or, if no incoterm is applicable, according to any previous course of dealing.
第10条 迟延交货、不交货及其补偿
art. 10 late-delivery, non-delivery and remedies therefor
10.1 当迟延交付货物时，若买方将延迟的情形通知了卖方，则每延迟一个完整周，买方有权索要迟延交付货物价款0.5%或约定的其它比例的约定的赔偿金。如果买方从约定的交货日起15日内向卖方发出这样的通知，损害赔偿金从约定的交货日起或在约定的交货期限内的最后一日起算。如果买方从约定的交货之日起15日内向卖方发出这样的通知，损害赔偿金从通知之日起算。约定的迟延赔偿金不得超过迟延交付的货物价款的5%或约定的其它补偿金的最高数额。
10.1 when there is delay in delivery of any goods, the buyer is entitled to claim liquidated damages equal to 0.5% or such other percentage as may be agreed of the price of those goods for each complete week of delay, provided the buyer notifies the seller of the delay. where the buyer so notifies the seller within 15 days from the agreed date of delivery, damages will run from the agreed date of delivery or from the last day within the agreed period of delivery. where the buyer so notifies the seller after 15 days of the agreed date of delivery, damages will run from the date of the notice. liquidated damages for delay shall not exceed 5% of the price of the delayed goods or such other maximum amount as may be agreed.
10.2 如果双方当事人在第i－9条中就 合同解除 日期达成一致，基于货物由于任何原因（包括不可抗力事件）未能在解除合同日期前交付，买方有权通知卖方解除合同。
10.2 if the parties have agreed upon a cancellation date in box i-9, the buyer may terminate the contract by notification to the seller as regards goods which have not been delivered by such cancellation date for any reason whatsoever (including a force majeure event).
10.3 当第10.2条不适用，并且卖方在买方依照第10.1条的规定有权获得最高数额的约定赔偿金日为止仍未能交付货物时，如果货物未在卖方收到该通知之日起5日内交付给买方，买方基于这些货物的原因有权书面通知卖方解除合同。
10.3 when article 10.2 does not apply and the seller has not delivered the goods by the date on which the buyer has become entitled to the maximum amount of liquidated damages under article 10.1, the buyer may give notice in writing to terminate the contract as regards such goods, if they have not been delivered to the buyer within 5 days of receipt of such notice by the seller.
10.4 如果合同依照第10.2条或第10.3条解除，那么除了依照第10.1条已付或应付的款项外，买方有权索要不超过未交付货物价款10%的其它损失的赔偿金。
10.4 in case of termination of the contract under article 10.2 or 10.3 then in addition to any amount paid or payable under article 10.1, the buyer is entitled to claim damages for any additional loss not exceeding 10% of the price of the non-delivered goods.
10.5 本条款项下的补偿不包括迟延交货或不交货时的其它补偿。
10.5 the remedies under this article are exclusive of any other remedy for delay in delivery or non-delivery.
第11条 货物不符约定
art. 11 non-conformity of the goods
11.1 买方应在货物到达目的港之后尽快检验货物，并应在买方发现或应该发现货物不符之日起15日内，将货物不符约定的情况书面通知卖方。无论如何买方将无权因货物不符约定要求补偿，如果买方未能在货物到达约定目的港之日起12个月内将货物不符约定的情况书面通知卖方。
11.1 the buyer shall examine the goods as soon as possible after their arrival at destination and shall notify the seller in writing of any lack of conformity of the goods within 15 days from the date when the buyer discovers or ought to have discovered the lack of conformity. in any case the buyer shall have no remedy for lack of conformity if he fails to notify the seller thereof within 12 months from the date of arrival of the goods at the agreed destination.
11.2尽管在特定的贸易或双方之间交易当中存在一些常见的细微差异，货物仍将视为与合同相符，但买方有权获得因这些细微差异在这种贸易或交易当中通常的价款减让。
11.2 goods will be deemed to conform to the contract despite minor discrepancies which are usual in the particular trade or through course of dealing between the parties but the buyer will be entitled to any abatement of the price usual in the trade or through course of dealing for such discrepancies.
11.3 当货物与合同约定不符时（并且买方依照第11.1条的规定已发出了货物不符约定的通知，而买方未在通知中选择保留货物的情况下），卖方有权选择：
（a）用符合合同约定的货物替换不符的货物，而买方无须支付额外的费用，或者
（b）修复不符约定的货物，而买方无须支付额外的费用，或者
（c）向买方偿还不符约定货物的已付价款，并由于货物不符合同约定而终止合同。
在依照第11.1条规定发出货物不符通知和依照上述第11.3(a)的规定提供替代货物或依照第11.3(b)的规定修复货物的日期之间，每过一个完整周，买方有权依照第10.1条的规定获得约定的赔偿金。这些赔偿金应与第10.1条项下应付的赔偿金（如有的话）累计，但无论如何不得超过这些货物价款总额的5％。
11.3 where goods are non-conforming (and provided the buyer, having given notice of the lack of conformity in compliance with article 11.1, does not elect in the notice to retain them), the seller shall at his option:
(a) replace the goods with conforming goods, without any additional expense to the buyer, or
(b) repair the goods, without any additional expense to the buyer, or
(c) reimburse to the buyer the price paid for the non-conforming goods and thereby terminate the contract as regards those goods.
the buyer will be entitled to liquidated damages as quantified under article 10.1 for each complete week of delay between the date of notification of the non-conformity according to article 11.1 and the supply of substitute goods under article 11.3(a) or repair under article 11.3(b) above. such damages may be accumulated with damages (if any) payable under article 10.1, but can in no case exceed in the aggregate 5% of the price of those goods.
11.4 如果卖方在买方依照第11.3条的规定有权获得最高额约定的赔偿金之日为止，未能依照第11.3条的规定履行义务，买方基于货物与合同不符，有权书面通知卖方解除合同，除非卖方在收到该通知之日起5日内提供了替代货物或修复了货物。
11.4 if the seller has failed to perform his duties under article 11.3 by the date on which the buyer becomes entitled to the maximum amount of liquidated damages according to that article, the buyer may give notice in writing to terminate the contract as regards the non-conforming goods unless the supply of replacement goods or the repair is effected within 5 days of receipt of such notice by the seller.
11.5 当合同依照第11.3（c）条或第11.4条的规定终止时，除了依照第11.3条支付的或应付的退款和迟延损害赔偿金外，买方有权获得不超过不符约定货物价款10％的附加损失的损害赔偿金。
11.5 where the contract is terminated under article 11.3(c) or article 11.4, then in addition to any amount paid or payable under article 11.3 as reimbursement of the price and damages for any delay, the buyer is entitled to damages for any additional loss not exceeding 10% of the price of the non-conforming goods.
11.6 买方选择保留不符约定的货物的，买方有权获得相当于若货物与合同相符时在约定目的地的货物价格与实际交付时在同一地的价格之间的差价。这些差价不应超过不符约定货物价款的15％。
11.6 where the buyer elects to retain non-conforming goods, he shall be entitled to a sum equal to the difference between the value of the goods at the agreed place of destination if they had conformed with the contract and their value at the same place as delivered, such sum not to exceed 15% of the price of those goods.
11.7 除非另有书面约定，第11条中约定的补偿不包括任何因货物不符约定的其它救济。
11.7 unless otherwise agreed in writing, the remedies under this article 11 are exclusive of any other remedy for non-conformity.
11.8 除非另有书面约定，在货物到达之日起两年之后，买方不得向法院或仲裁机构提出货物不符约定的诉求。双方明确约定，在该两年期限届满之后，卖方以不履行合同为由向买方提出诉求时，买方不得在答辩中主张货物不符约定，或据此提出反请求。
11.8 unless otherwise agreed in writing, no action for lack of conformity can be taken by the buyer, whether before judicial or arbitral tribunals, after 2 years from the date of arrival of the goods. it is expressly agreed that after the expiry of such term, the buyer will not plead non-conformity of the goods, or make a counter-claim thereon, in defence to any action taken by the seller against the buyer for non-performance of this contract.
第12条 双方的合作
art. 12 cooperation between the parties
12.1 买方应将其顾客或第三方提出的关于交付的货物或涉及货物的知识产权的索赔即时通知卖方。
12.1 the buyer shall promptly inform the seller of any claim made against the buyer by his customers or third parties concerning the goods delivered or intellectual property rights related thereto.
12.2 卖方应即时将可能涉及买方产品责任的索赔通知买方。
12.2 the seller will promptly inform the buyer of any claim which may involve the product liability of the buyer.
第13条 不可抗力
art. 13 force majeure
13.1 一方对于不履行义务不必承担责任，只要其能证明：
（a）不履行义务是由于其不能控制的阻碍，及
（b）在达成合同时，尽其所能也不能合理地预见该阻碍和其影响，及
（c）其不能合理地避免或克服该阻碍或其影响。
13.1 a party is not liable for a failure to perform any of his obligations in so far as he proves:
(a) that the failure was due to an impediment beyond his control, and
(b) that he could not reasonably be expected to have taken into account the impediment and its effects upon his ability to perform at the time of the conclusion of the contract, and
(c) that he could not reasonably have avoided or overcome it or its effects.
13.2 主张免责的一方，尽其所能在知道该阻碍及其影响时，只要可行应将该阻碍及其影响通知另一方。当免责事由消除时，也要发出通知。
13.2 a party seeking relief shall, as soon as practicable after the impediment and its effects upon his ability to perform become known to him, give notice to the other party of such impediment and its effects on his ability to perform. notice shall also be given when the ground of relief ceases.
未发出两种通知中任一种通知的一方，应对本应可以避免的损失承担损害赔偿责任。
failure to give either notice makes the party thus failing liable in damages for loss which otherwise could have been avoided.
13.3 在不违反第10.2条的前提下，本条款规定的免责事由使不能履行义务的一方免除了支付损害赔偿金、 罚金 和 其它合同 制裁的责任，但只要该事由存在并持续，对于支付拖 欠款 项利息的责任则不能免除。
13.3 without prejudice to article 10.2, a ground of relief under this clause relieves the party failing to perform from liability in damages, from penalties and other contractual sanctions, except from the duty to pay interest on money owing as long as and to the extent that the ground subsists.
13.4 如果免责的事由持续存在超过六个月，任何一方均有权通知解除合同。
13.4 if the grounds of relief subsist for more than six months, either party shall be entitled to terminate the contract with notice.
第14条 争议的解决
art. 14 resolution of disputes
14.1 除非另有书面约定，凡因本合同产生的或与本合同有关的任何争议，均应提交中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会天津国际经济金融仲裁中心，按照申请仲裁时该会现行有效的仲裁规则进行仲裁。仲裁裁决是终局的，对双方均有约束力。
14.1 unless otherwise agreed in writing, all disputes arising in connection with the present contract shall be submitted to china international economic and trade arbitration commission, tianjin international economic and financial arbitration center for arbitration, which shall be conducted in accordance with the commission’s arbitration rules in effect at time of applying for arbitration. the arbitral award is final and binding upon both parties.
卖方签字 买方签字
seller buyer
signature signature
_____________ _____________
地点（place）_____________ 日期（date）___ 地点（place）____ 日期（date）_____________
第8篇 2023国际货物销售合同
甲方（买方）：
住所：
联系电话：
乙方（卖方）：
住所：
联系电话：
甲乙双方本着自愿、平等、互惠互利、诚实信用的原则，经充分友好协商，订立如下合同条款，以资共同恪守履行。
第一条、买卖标的
1、名称：
2、品种：
3、规格：
4、价格：
第二条、质量要求
乙方在甲方用货前提供货物样品，由乙方提_____品合格证，并提供检测报告给甲方存档，乙方供给甲方同样质量的产品。乙方必须保证原材料为合格产品。
第三条、包装
1、须用坚固的木箱或纸箱包装，适合长途海运、邮寄、空运和多次搬运、装卸及适应气候的变化。并具备良好的防潮、防霉、防锈、防腐蚀及抗震能力，不能造成运输过程中箱件破损，货物散失。以商品的存放和运输安全为前提，保证货物在没有任何损坏和腐蚀的情况下安全运抵目的地。
2、包装箱内的商品均应系加标签，注明合同号、商品名称、质量、规格、数量等并附有完整的维护保养、操作使用说明书、出厂合格证等。
3、卖方应在每件包装箱的邻接侧面上，用不褪色的油漆以明显易见的中文或英文字样印刷以下标记：合同号、目的站、码头、机场、收货人、货物名称、规格、箱号、件号、毛重、净重（公斤）、体积（长_________宽_________高，以毫米表示）。
4、在运输包装内装有爆炸品、易燃物品、有毒物品、腐蚀物品、氧化剂和放射性物资等危险货物时，都必须在运输包装上标明用于各种危险品的标志，以示警告，使装卸、运输和保管人员按货物特性采取相应的防护措施，以保护物资和人身的安全。
5、每一包装的尺寸、毛重、净重以及其它必要的注意出项，例如：“不要倒”、“防潮”、“小心轻放”、“固定”等，无论何时如有必要应以不褪色的颜料印刷在每件包装的表面。
6、凡由于卖方包装或保管不善致使货物遭到损坏或丢失时，不论在何时何地发现，一经证实，卖方应负责及时补齐、更换或赔偿。在运输中如非卖方包装原因发生货物损坏和丢失时，买方应立即向承运部门提出异议，索取商务证明，并通知卖方_________天内到达现场调查。卖方负责与承运部门及_____公司交涉，买方协助卖方尽快处理，同时卖方应尽快向买方补供货物以满足合同需要。
7、包装费用由_________方承担。
第四条、运输
1、运输方式按下列第_________项执行：
（1）海洋运输：
（2）铁路运输：
（3）航空运输：
（4）xx运输：
2、运输单据：
（1）海运提单：_____洁净已装船提单，做成空白抬头，由发货人空白背书注明“运费到付”、“运费付讫”并通知目的港的买方。
（2）航空运单：提供一份空运单，注明“运费到付”、“运费已付”，交付买方。
（3）航空邮包：寄一份航空邮包收据给买方。
3、运输线路及费用负担：卖方应按双方商定的合理运输路线、工具、到达站（港、机场），委托承运单位发运货物，力求装足容量或吨位，从而节约费用。
4、接货单位（或接货人）：_________。
第五条、装运
1、装运时间：从卖方收到买方信用证日期算起，_________天内予以装船。
2、装运港（地）：_________。由卖方提出，经买方同意后确定。
3、目的港（地）：_________。由卖方提出，经买方同意后确定。
4、分批装运和转运：由买卖双方协商确定是否订立此条款。
第六条、_____
1、如果在fob、cfr、fca、或cpt条件下发运货物，应由买方负责投保。
2、如果在cip或cip条件下运送货物，卖方应按发票金额的_________%投保_________平安险，或_________水渍险，或_________一切险。另投附加险应包括：_________。
第七条、价格与货款支付
1、计价货币：_________元。
2、以_________方式支付。
第八条、检验
检验标准和方法
1、根据《商检法》规定，凡列入目录的进出口商品，按照国家技术规范的强制性要求进行检验。没在国家技术规范的强制性要求的，可以参照国家商检部门指定的国外有关标准进行检验。法律、行政法规规定由其他检验机构实施检验的进出口商品或者检验项目，依照有关法律、行政法规的规定办理。此外，合同双方当事人还可以将买卖合同中规定的质量、数量和包装条款作为检验的重要依据。
2、商品检验的方法主要有感官检验、化学检验、物理检验、微生物检验等。
第九条、索赔
2、索赔期限：
（1）货物到达最终目的地之日后_________日内只要该日不超过货物到达卸货港之日后_________日。
（2）在保证期内发现故障或缺陷的情况下，最迟应在发现故障后_________周内。
第十条、税收
与本合同有关及在执行本合同中由中国政府根据生效的税收法律征收的所有税收由_________支付。与本合同有关及在执行本合同中在中华人民共和国领土以外征收的所有税收应由_________支付。
第十一条、不可抗力
1、如果本合同任何一方因受不可抗力事件影响而未能履行其在本合同下的全部或部分义务，该义务的履行在不可抗力事件妨碍其履行期间应予中止。
2、声称受到不可抗力事件影响的一方应尽可能在最短的时间内通过书面形式将不可抗力事件的发生通知另一方，并在该不可抗力事件发生后______日内向另一方提供关于此种不可抗力事件及其持续时间的适当证据及合同不能履行或者需要延期履行的书面资料。声称不可抗力事件导致其对本合同的履行在客观上成为不可能或不实际的一方，有责任尽一切合理的努力消除或减轻此等不可抗力事件的影响。
3、不可抗力事件发生时，双方应立即通过友好协商决定如何执行本合同。不可抗力事件或其影响终止或消除后，双方须立即恢复履行各自在本合同项下的各项义务。如不可抗力及其影响无法终止或消除而致使合同任何一方丧失继续履行合同的能力，则双方可协商解除合同或暂时延迟合同的履行，且遭遇不可抗力一方无须为此承担责任。当事人迟延履行后发生不可抗力的，不能免除责任。
4、本合同所称'不可抗力'是指受影响一方不能合理控制的，无法预料或即使可预料到也不可避免且无法克服，并于本合同签订日之后出现的，使该方对本合同全部或部分的履行在客观上成为不可能或不实际的任何事件。此等事件包括但不限于自然灾害如水灾、火灾、旱灾、台风、地震，以及社会事件如战争（不论曾否宣战）、_____、_____，政府行为或法律规定等。
第十二条、终止合同
本合同在下列任一情形下终止：
（1）一方进入_____或倒闭阶段。
（2）一方被判为破产或其它原因致使资不抵债。
（3）本合同已有效、全部得到履行。
（4）双方共同同意提前解除合同。
（5）按_____机构的裁决，合同解除或终止。
（6）因不可抗力致使合同目的不能实现的。
（7）在合同期限届满之前，当事人一方明确表示或以自己的行为表明不履行合同主要义务的。
（8）当事人一方迟延履行合同主要义务，经催告后在合理期限内仍未履行。
（9）当事人有其他违约或违法行为致使合同目的不能实现的。
第十三条、争议解决
本合同在履行过程中发生的争议，由双方当事人协商解决，也可由有关部门调解。协商或调解不成的，依法向人民法院起诉。在进行法院审理期间，除提交法院审理的事项外，合同其他部分仍应继续履行。
第十四条、本合同正本一式_________份，双方各执_________份，具有同等法律效力。
甲方（签字）：
签订地点：
_________年________月______日
乙方（签字）：
签订地点：
_________年________月______日
第9篇 联合国国际货物销售合同公约(英文)
united nations convention on contracts for the international sale of goods
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the states parties to this convention,
bearing in mind the broad objectives in the resolutions adopted by the sixth special session of the general assembly of the united nations on the establishment of a new international economic order,
considering that the development of international trade on the basis of equality and mutual benefit is an important element in promoting friendly relations among states,
being of the opinion that the adoption of uniform rules which govern contracts for the international sale of goods and take into account the different social, economic and legal systems would contribute to the removal of legal barriers in international trade and promote the development of international trade,
have decreed as follows:
part i sphere of application and general provisions
part ii formation of the contract
part iii sale of goods
part iv final provisions
part i sphere of application and general provisions
chapter i sphere of application
article 1
(1) this convention applies to contracts of sale of goods between parties whose places of business are in different states:
(a) when the states are contracting states or
(b) when the rules of private international law lead to the application of the law of a contracting state.
(2) the fact that the parties have their places of business in different states is to be disregarded whenever this fact does not appear either from the contract or from any dealings between, or from information disclosed by, the parties at any time before or at the conclusion of the contract.
(3) neither the nationality of the parties nor the civil or commercial character of the parties or of the contract is to be taken into consideration in determining the application of this convention.
article 2
this convention does not apply to sales:
(a) of goods bought for personal, family or household use, unless the seller, at any time before or at the conclusion of the contract, neither knew nor ought to have known that the goods were bought for any such use
(b) by auction
(c) on execution or otherwise by authority of law
(d) of stocks, shares, investment securities, negotiable instruments or money
(e) of ships, vessels, hovercraft or aircraft
(f) of electricity.
article 3
(1) contracts for the supply of goods to be manufactured or produced are to be considered sales unless the party who orders the goods undertakes to supply a substantial part of the materials necessary for such manufacture or production.
(2) this convention does not apply to contracts in which the preponderant part of the obligations of the party who furnishes the goods consists in the supply of labour or other services.
article 4
this convention governs only the formation of the contract of sale and the rights and obligations of the seller and the buyer arising from such a contract. in particular, except as otherwise expressly provided in this convention, it is not concerned with:
(a) the validity of the contract or of any of its provisions or of any usage
(b) the effect which the contract may have on the property in the goods sold.
article 5
this convention does not apply to the liability of the seller for death or personal injury caused by the goods to any person.
article 6
the parties may exclude the application of this convention or, subject to article 12, derogate from or vary the effect of any of its provisions.
chapter ii general provisions
article 7
(1) in the interpretation of this convention, regard is to be had to its international character and to the need to promote uniformity in its application and the observance of good faith in international trade.
(2) questions concerning matters governed by this convention which are not expressly settled in it are to be settled in conformity with the general principles on which it is based or, in the absence of such principles, in conformity with the law applicable by virtue of the rules of private international law.
article 8
(1) for the purposes of this convention statements made by and other conduct of a party are to be interpreted according to his intent where the other party knew or could not have been unaware what that intent was.
(2) if the preceding paragraph is not applicable, statements made by and other conduct of a party are to be interpreted according to the understanding that a reasonable person of the same kind as the other party would have had in the same circumstances.
(3) in determining the intent of a party or the understanding a reasonable person would have had, due consideration is to be given to all relevant circumstances of the case including the negotiations, any practices which the parties have established between themselves, usages and any subsequent conduct of the parties.
article 9
(1) the parties are bound by any usage to which they have agreed and by any practices which they have established between themselves.
(2) the parties are considered, unless otherwise agreed, to have impliedly made applicable to their contract or its formation a usage of which the parties knew or ought to have known and which in international trade is widely known to, and regularly observed by, parties to contracts of the type involved in the particular trade concerned.
article 10
for the purposes of this convention:
(a) if a party has more than one place of business, the place of business is that which has the closest relationship to the contract and its performance, having regard to the circumstances known to or contemplated by the parties at any time before or at the conclusion of the contract
(b) if a party does not have a place of business, reference is to be made to his habitual residence.
article 11
a contract of sale need not be concluded in or evidenced by writing and is not subject to any other requirement as to form. it may be proved by any means, including witnesses.
article 12
any provision of article 11, article 29 or part ii of this convention that allows a contract of sale or its modification or termination by agreement or any offer, acceptance or other indication of intention to be made in any form other than in writing does not apply where any party has his place of business in a contracting state which has made a declaration under article 96 of this convention. the parties may not derogate from or vary the effect or this article.
article 13
for the purposes of this convention 'writing' includes telegram and telex.
part ii formation of the contract
article 14
(1) a proposal for concluding a contract addressed to one or more specific persons constitutes an offer if it is sufficiently definite and indicates the intention of the offeror to be bound in case of acceptance. a proposal is sufficiently definite if it indicates the goods and expressly or implicitly fixes or makes provision for determining the quantity and the price.
(2) a proposal other than one addressed to one or more specific persons is to be considered merely as an invitation to make offers, unless the contrary is clearly indicated by the person making the proposal.
article 15
(1) an offer becomes effective when it reaches the offeree.
(2) an offer, even if it is irrevocable, may be withdrawn if the withdrawal reaches the offeree before or at the same time as the offer.
article 16
(1) until a contract is concluded an offer may be revoked if the revocation reaches the offeree before he has dispatched an acceptance.
(2) however, an offer cannot be revoked:
(a) if it indicates, whether by stating a fixed time for acceptance or otherwise, that it is irrevocable or
(b) if it was reasonable for the offeree to rely on the offer as being irrevocable and the offeree has acted in reliance on the offer.
article 17
an offer, even if it is irrevocable, is terminated when a rejection reaches the offeror.
article 18
(1) a statement made by or other conduct of the offeree indicating assent to an offer is an acceptance. silence or inactivity does not in itself amount to acceptance.
(2) an acceptance of an offer becomes effective at the moment the indication of assent reaches the offeror. an acceptance is not effective if the indication of assent does not reach the offeror within the time he has fixed or, if no time is fixed, within a reasonable time, due account being taken of the circumstances of the transaction, including the rapidity of the means of communication employed by the offeror. an oral offer must be accepted immediately unless the circumstances indicate otherwise.
(3) however, if, by virtue of the offer or as a result of practices which the parties have established between themselves or of usage, the offeree may indicate assent by performing an act, such as one relating to the dispatch of the goods or payment of the price, without notice to the offeror, the acceptance is effective at the moment the act is performed, provided that the act is performed within the period of time laid down in the preceding paragraph.
article 19
(1) a reply to an offer which purports to be an acceptance but contains additions, limitations or other modifications is a rejection of the offer and constitutes a counter-offer.
(2) however, a reply to an offer which purports to be an acceptance but contains additional or different terms which do not materially alter the terms of the offer constitutes an acceptance, unless the offeror, without undue delay, objects orally to the discrepancy or dispatches a notice to that effect. if he does not so object, the terms of the contract are the terms of the offer with the modifications contained in the acceptance.
(3) additional or different terms relating, among other things, to the price, payment, quality and quantity of the goods, place and time of delivery, extent of one partys liability to the other or the settlement of disputes are considered to alter the terms of the offer materially.
article 20
(1) a period of time for acceptance fixed by the offeror in a telegram or a letter begins to run from the moment the telegram is handed in for dispatch or from the date shown on the letter or, if no such date is shown, from the date shown on the envelope. a period of time for acceptance fixed by the offeror by telephone, telex or other means of instantaneous communication, begins to run from the moment that the offer reaches the offeree.
(2) official holidays or non-business days occurring during the period for acceptance are included in calculating the period. however, if a notice of acceptance cannot be delivered at the address of the offeror on the last day of the period because that day falls on an official holiday or a non-business day at the place of business of the offeror, the period is extended until the first business day which follows.
article 21
(1) a late acceptance is nevertheless effective as an acceptance if without delay the offeror orally so informs the offeree or dispatches a notice to that effect.
(2) if a letter or other writing containing a late acceptance shows that it has been sent in such circumstances that if its transmission had been normal it would have reached the offeror in due time, the late acceptance is effective as an acceptance unless, without delay, the offeror orally informs the offeree that he considers his offer as having lapsed or dispatches a notice to that effect.
article 22
an acceptance may be withdrawn if the withdrawal reaches the offeror before or at the same time as the acceptance would have become effective.
article 23
a contract is concluded at the moment when an acceptance of an offer becomes effective in accordance with the provisions of this convention.
article 24
for the purposes of this part of the convention, an offer, declaration of acceptance or any other indication of intention 'reaches' the addressee when it is made orally to him or delivered by any other means to him personally, to his place of business or mailing address or, if he does not have a place of business or mailing address, to his habitual residence.
part iii sale of goods
chapter i general provisions
article 25
a breach of contract committed by one of the parties is fundamental if it results in such detriment to the other party as substantially to deprive him of what he is entitled to expect under the contract, unless the party in breach did not foresee and a reasonable person of the same kind in the same circumstances would not have foreseen such a result.
article 26
a declaration of avoidance of the contract is effective only if made by notice to the other party.
article 27
unless otherwise expressly provided in this part of the convention, if any notice, request or other communication is given or made by a party in accordance with this part and by means appropriate in the circumstances, a delay or error in the transmission of the communication or its failure to arrive does not deprive that party of the right to rely on the communication.
article 28
if, in accordance with the provisions of this convention, one party is entitled to require performance of any obligation by the other party, a court is not bound to enter a judgement for specific performance unless the court would do so under its own law in respect of similar contracts of sale not governed by this convention.
article 29
(1) a contract may be modified or terminated by the mere agreement of the parties.
(2) a contract in writing which contains a provision requiring any modification or termination by agreement to be in writing may not be otherwise modified or terminated by agreement. however, a party may be precluded by his conduct from asserting such a provision to the extent that the other party has relied on that conduct.
chapter ii obligations of the seller
article 30
the seller must deliver the goods, hand over any documents relating to them and transfer the property in the goods, as required by the contract and this convention.
section i. delivery of the goods and handing over of documents
article 31
if the seller is not bound to deliver the goods at any other particular place, his obligation to deliver consists:
(a) if the contract of sale involves carriage of the goods - in handing the goods over to the first carrier for transmission to the buyer
(b) if, in cases not within the preceding subparagraph, the contract relates to specific goods, or unidentified goods to be drawn from a specific stock or to be manufactured or produced, and at the time of the conclusion of the contract the parties knew that the goods were at, or were to be manufactured or produced at, a particular place - in placing the goods at the buyers disposal at that place
(c) in other cases - in placing the goods at the buyers disposal at the place where the seller had his place of business at the time of the conclusion of the contract.
article 32
(1) if the seller, in accordance with the contract or this convention, hands the goods over to a carrier and if the goods are not clearly identified to the contract by markings on the goods, by shipping documents or otherwise, the seller must give the buyer notice of the consignment specifying the goods.
(2) if the seller is bound to arrange for carriage of the goods, he must make such contracts as are necessary for carriage to the place fixed by means of transportation appropriate in the circumstances and according to the usual terms for such transportation.
(3) if the seller is not bound to effect insurance in respect of the carriage of the goods, he must, at the buyers request, provide him with all available information necessary to enable him to effect such insurance.
article 33
the seller must deliver the goods:
(a) if a date is fixed by or determinable from the contract, on that date
(b) if a period of time is fixed by or determinable from the contract, at any time within that period unless circumstances indicate that the buyer is to choose a date or
(c) in any other case, within a reasonable time after the conclusion of the contract.
article 34
if the seller is bound to hand over documents relating to the goods, he must hand them over at the time and place and in the form required by the contract. if the seller has handed over documents before that time, he may, up to that time, cure any lack of conformity in the documents, if the exercise of this right does not cause the buyer unreasonable inconvenience or unreasonable expense. however, the buyer retains any right to claim damages as provided for in this convention.
section ii. conformity of the goods and third party claims
article 35
(1) the seller must deliver goods which are of the quantity, quality and description required by the contract and which are contained or packaged in the manner required by the contract.
(2) except where the parties have agreed otherwise, the goods do not conform with the contract unless they:
(a) are fit for the purposes for which goods of the same description would ordinarily be used
(b) are fit for any particular purpose expressly or impliedly made known to the seller at the time of the conclusion of the contract, except where the circumstances show that the buyer did not rely, or that it was unreasonable for him to rely, on the sellers skill and judgement
(c) possess the qualities of goods which the seller has held out to the buyer as a sample or model
(d) are contained or packaged in the manner usual for such goods or, where there is no such manner, in a manner adequate to preserve and protect the goods.
(3) the seller is not liable under subparagraphs (a) to (d) of the preceding paragraph for any lack of conformity of the goods if at the time of the conclusion of the contract the buyer knew or could not have been unaware of such lack of conformity.
article 36
(1) the seller is liable in accordance with the contract and this convention for any lack of conformity which exists at the time when the risk passes to the buyer, even though the lack of conformity becomes apparent only after that time.
(2) the seller is also liable for any lack of conformity which occurs after the time indicated in the preceding paragraph and which is due to a breach of any of his obligations, including a breach of any guarantee that for a period of time the goods will remain fit for their ordinary purpose or for some particular purpose or will retain specified qualities or characteristics.
article 37
if the seller has delivered goods before the date for delivery, he may, up to that date, deliver any missing part or make up any deficiency in the quantity of the goods delivered, or deliver goods in replacement of any non-conforming goods delivered or remedy any lack of conformity in the goods delivered, provided that the exercise of this right does not cause the buyer unreasonable inconvenience or unreasonable expense. however, the buyer retains any right to claim damages as provided for in this convention.
article 38
(1) the buyer must examine the goods, or cause them to be examined, within as short a period as is practicable in the circumstances.
(2) if the contract involves carriage of the goods, examination may be deferred until after the goods have arrived at their destination.
(3) if the goods are redirected in transit or redispatched by the buyer without a reasonable opportunity for examination by him and at the time of the conclusion of the contract the seller knew or ought to have known of the possibility of such redirection or redispatch, examination may be deferred until after the goods have arrived at the new destination.
article 39
(1) the buyer loses the right to rely on a lack of conformity of the goods if he does not give notice to the seller specifying the nature of the lack of conformity within a reasonable time after he has discovered it or ought to have discovered it.
(2) in any event, the buyer loses the right to rely on a lack of conformity of the goods if he does not give the seller notice thereof at the latest within a period of two years from the date on which the goods were actually handed over to the buyer, unless this time-limit is inconsistent with a contractual period of guarantee.
article 40
the seller is not entitled to rely on the provisions of articles 38 and 39 if the lack of conformity relates to facts of which he knew or could not have been unaware and which he did not disclose to the buyer.
article 41
the seller must deliver goods which are free from any right or claim of a third party, unless the buyer agreed to take the goods subject to that right or claim. however, if such right or claim is based on industrial property or other intellectual property, the sellers obligation is governed by article 42.
article 42
(1) the seller must deliver goods which are free from any right or claim of a third party based on industrial property or other intellectual property, of which at the time of the conclusion of the contract the seller knew or could not have been unaware, provided that the right or claim is based on industrial property or other intellectual property:
(a) under the law of the state where the goods will be resold or otherwise used, if it was contemplated by the parties at the time of the conclusion of the contract that the goods would be resold or otherwise used in that state or
(b) in any other case, under the law of the state where the buyer has his place of business.
(2) the obligation of the seller under the preceding paragraph does not extend to cases where:
(a) at the time of the conclusion of the contract the buyer knew or could not have been unaware of the right or claim or
(b) the right or claim results from the sellers compliance with technical drawings, designs, formulae or other such specifications furnished by the buyer.
article 43
(1) the buyer loses the right to rely on the provisions of article 41 or article 42 if he does not give notice to the seller specifying the nature of the right or claim of the third party within a reasonable time after he has become aware or ought to have become aware of the right or claim.
(2) the seller is not entitled to rely on the provisions of the preceding paragraph if he knew of the right or claim of the third party and the nature of it.
article 44
notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (1) of article 39 and paragraph (1) of article 43, the buyer may reduce the price in accordance with article 50 or claim damages, except for loss of profit, if he has a reasonable excuse for his failure to give the required notice.
section iii. remedies for breach of contract by the seller
article 45
(1) if the seller fails to perform any of his obligations under the contract or this convention, the buyer may:
(a) exercise the rights provided in articles 46 to 52
(b) claim damages as provided in articles 74 to 77.
(2) the buyer is not deprived of any right he may have to claim damages by exercising his right to other remedies.
(3) no period of grace may be granted to the seller by a court or arbitral tribunal when the buyer resorts to a remedy for breach of contract.
article 46
(1) the buyer may require performance by the seller of his obligations unless the buyer has resorted to a remedy which is inconsistent with this requirement.
(2) if the goods do not conform with the contract, the buyer may require delivery of substitute goods only if the lack of conformity constitutes a fundamental breach of contract and a request for substitute goods is made either in conjunction with notice given under article 39 or within a reasonable time thereafter.
(3) if the goods do not conform with the contract, the buyer may require the seller to remedy the lack of conformity by repair, unless this is unreasonable having regard to all the circumstances. a request for repair must be made either in conjunction with notice given under article 39 or within a reasonable time thereafter.
article 47
(1) the buyer may fix an additional period of time of reasonable length for performance by the seller of his obligations.
(2) unless the buyer has received notice from the seller that he will not perform within the period so fixed, the buyer may not, during that period, resort to any remedy for breach of contract. however, the buyer is not deprived thereby of any right he may have to claim damages for delay in performance.
article 48
(1) subject to article 49, the seller may, even after the date for delivery, remedy at his own expense any failure to perform his obligations, if he can do so without unreasonable delay and without causing the buyer unreasonable inconvenience or uncertainty of reimbursement by the seller of expenses advanced by the buyer. however, the buyer retains any right to claim damages as provided for in this convention.
(2) if the seller requests the buyer to make known whether he will accept performance and the buyer does not comply with the request within a reasonable time, the seller may perform within the time indicated in his request. the buyer may not, during that period of time, resort to any remedy which is inconsistent with performance by the seller.
(3) a notice by the seller that he will perform within a specified period of time is assumed to include a request, under the preceding paragraph, that the buyer make known his decision.
(4) a request or notice by the seller under paragraph (2) or (3) of this article is not effective unless received by the buyer.
article 49
(1) the buyer may declare the contract avoided:
(a) if the failure by the seller to perform any of his obligations under the contract or this convention amounts to a fundamental breach of contract or
(b) in case of non-delivery, if the seller does not deliver the goods within the additional period of time fixed by the buyer in accordance with paragraph (1) of article 47 or declares that he will not deliver within the period so fixed.
(2) however, in cases where the seller has delivered the goods, the buyer loses the right to declare the contract avoided unless he does so:
(a) in respect of late delivery, within a reasonable time after he has become aware that delivery has been made
(b) in respect of any breach other than late delivery, within a reasonable time:
(i) after he knew or ought to have known of the breach
(ii) after the expiration of any additional period of time fixed by the buyer in accordance with paragraph (1) of article 47, or after the seller has declared that he will not perform his obligations within such an additional period or
(iii) after the expiration of any additional period of time indicated by the seller in accordance with paragraph (2) of article 48, or after the buyer has declared that he will not accept performance.
article 50
if the goods do not conform with the contract and whether or not the price has already been paid, the buyer may reduce the price in the same proportion as the value that the goods actually delivered had at the time of the delivery bears to the value that conforming goods would have had at that time. however, if the seller remedies any failure to perform his obligations in accordance with article 37 or article 48 or if the buyer refuses to accept performance by the seller in accordance with those articles, the buyer may not reduce the price.
article 51
(1) if the seller delivers only a part of the goods or if only a part of the goods delivered is in conformity with the contract, articles 46 to 50 apply in respect of the part which is missing or which does not conform.
(2) the buyer may declare the contract avoided in its entirety only if the failure to make delivery completely or in conformity with the contract amounts to a fundamental breach of the contract.
article 52
(1) if the seller delivers the goods before the date fixed, the buyer may take delivery or refuse to take delivery.
(2) if the seller delivers a quantity of goods greater than that provided for in the contract, the buyer may take delivery or refuse to take delivery of the excess quantity. if the buyer takes delivery of all or part of the excess quantity, he must pay for it at the contract rate.
chapter iii obligations of the buyer
article 53
the buyer must pay the price for the goods and take delivery of them as required by the contract and this convention.
section i. payment of the price
article 54
the buyers obligation to pay the price includes taking such steps and complying with such formalities as may be required under the contract or any laws and regulations to enable payment to be made.
article 55
where a contract has been validly concluded but does not expressly or implicitly fix or make provision for determining the price, the parties are considered, in the absence of any indication to the contrary, to have impliedly made reference to the price generally charged at the time of the conclusion of the contract for such goods sold under comparable circumstances in the trade concerned.
article 56
if the price is fixed according to the weight of the goods, in case of doubt it is to be determined by the net weight.
article 57
(1) if the buyer is not bound to pay the price at any other particular place, he must pay it to the seller:
(a) at the sellers place of business or
(b) if the payment is to be made against the handing over of the goods or of documents, at the place where the handing over takes place.
(2) the seller must bear any increases in the expenses incidental to payment which is caused by a change in his place of business subsequent to the conclusion of the contract.
article 58
(1) if the buyer is not bound to pay the price at any other specific time, he must pay it when the seller places either the goods or documents controlling their disposition at the buyers disposal in accordance with the contract and this convention. the seller may make such payment a condition for handing over the goods or documents.
(2) if the contract involves carriage of the goods, the seller may dispatch the goods on terms whereby the goods, or documents controlling their disposition, will not be handed over to the buyer except against payment of the price.
(3) the buyer is not bound to pay the price until he has had an opportunity to examine the goods, unless the procedures for delivery or payment agreed upon by the parties are inconsistent with his having such an opportunity.
article 59
the buyer must pay the price on the date fixed by or determinable from the contract and this convention without the need for any request or compliance with any formality on the part of the seller.
section ii. taking delivery
article 60
the buyers obligation to take delivery consists:
(a) in doing all the acts which could reasonably be expected of him in order to enable the seller to make delivery and
(b) in taking over the goods.
section iii. remedies for breach of contract by the buyer
article 61
(1) if the buyer fails to perform any of his obligations under the contract or this convention, the seller may:
(a) exercise the rights provided in articles 62 to 65
(b) claim damages as provided in articles 74 to 77.
(2) the seller is not deprived of any right he may have to claim damages by exercising his right to other remedies.
(3) no period of grace may be granted to the buyer by a court or arbitral tribunal when the seller resorts to a remedy for breach of contract.
article 62
the seller may require the buyer to pay the price, take delivery or perform his other obligations, unless the seller has resorted to a remedy which is inconsistent with this requirement.
article 63
(1) the seller may fix an additional period of time of reasonable length for performance by the buyer of his obligations.
(2) unless the seller has received notice from the buyer that he will not perform within the period so fixed, the seller may not, during that period, resort to any remedy for breach of contract. however, the seller is not deprived thereby of any right he may have to claim damages for delay in performance.
article 64
(1) the seller may declare the contract avoided:
(a) if the failure by the buyer to perform any of his obligations under the contract or this convention amounts to a fundamental breach of contract or
(b) if the buyer does not, within the additional period of time fixed by the seller in accordance with paragraph (1) of article 63, perform his obligation to pay the price or take delivery of the goods, or if he declares that he will not do so within the period so fixed.
(2) however, in cases where the buyer has paid the price, the seller loses the right to declare the contract avoided unless he does so:
(a) in respect of late performance by the buyer, before the seller has become aware that performance has been rendered or
(b) in respect of any breach other than late performance by the buyer, within a reasonable time:
(i) after the seller knew or ought to have known of the breach or
(ii) after the expiration of any additional period of time fixed by the seller in accordance with paragraph (1) of article 63, or after the buyer has declared that he will not perform his obligations within such an additional period.
article 65
(1) if under the contract the buyer is to specify the form, measurement or other features of the goods and he fails to make such specification either on the date agreed upon or within a reasonable time after receipt of a request from the seller, the seller may, without prejudice to any other rights he may have, make the specification himself in accordance with the requirements of the buyer that may be known to him.
(2) if the seller makes the specification himself, he must inform the buyer of the details thereof and must fix a reasonable time within which the buyer may make a different specification. if, after receipt of such a communication, the buyer fails to do so within the time so fixed, the specification made by the seller is binding.
chapter iv passing of risk
article 66
loss of or damage to the goods after the risk has passed to the buyer does not discharge him from his obligation to pay the price, unless the loss or damage is due to an act or omission of the seller.
article 67
(1) if the contract of sale involves carriage of the goods and the seller is not bound to hand them over at a particular place, the risk passes to the buyer when the goods are handed over to the first carrier for transmission to the buyer in accordance with the contract of sale. if the seller is bound to hand the goods over to a carrier at a particular place, the risk does not pass to the buyer until the goods are handed over to the carrier at that place. the fact that the seller is authorized to retain documents controlling the disposition of the goods does not affect the passage of the risk.
(2) nevertheless, the risk does not pass to the buyer until the goods are clearly identified to the contract, whether by markings on the goods, by shipping documents, by notice given to the buyer or otherwise.
article 68
the risk in respect of goods sold in transit passes to the buyer from the time of the conclusion of the contract. however, if the circumstances so indicate, the risk is assumed by the buyer from the time the goods were handed over to the carrier who issued the documents embodying the contract of carriage. nevertheless, if at the time of the conclusion of the contract of sale the seller knew or ought to have known that the goods had been lost or damaged and did not disclose this to the buyer, the loss or damage is at the risk of the seller.
article 69
(1) in cases not within articles 67 and 68, the risk passes to the buyer when he takes over the goods or, if he does not do so in due time, from the time when the goods are placed at his disposal and he commits a breach of contract by failing to take delivery.
(2) however, if the buyer is bound to take over the goods at a place other than a place of business of the seller, the risk passes when delivery is due and the buyer is aware of the fact that the goods are placed at his disposal at that place.
(3) if the contract relates to goods not then identified, the goods are considered not to be placed at the disposal of the buyer until they are clearly identified to the contract.
article 70
if the seller has committed a fundamental breach of contract, articles 67, 68 and 69 do not impair the remedies available to the buyer on account of the breach.
chapter v
provisions common to the obligations of the seller and of the buyer
section i. anticipatory breach and instalment contracts
article 71
(1) a party may suspend the performance of his obligations if, after the conclusion of the contract, it becomes apparent that the other party will not perform a substantial part of his obligations as a result of:
(a) a serious deficiency in his ability to perform or in his creditworthiness or
(b) his conduct in preparing to perform or in performing the contract.
(2) if the seller has already dispatched the goods before the grounds described in the preceding paragraph become evident, he may prevent the handing over of the goods to the buyer even though the buyer holds a document which entitles him to obtain them. the present paragraph relates only to the rights in the goods as between the buyer and the seller.
(3) a party suspending performance, whether before or after dispatch of the goods, must immediately give notice of the suspension to the other party and must continue with performance if the other party provides adequate assurance of his performance.
article 72
(1) if prior to the date for performance of the contract it is clear that one of the parties will commit a fundamental breach of contract, the other party may declare the contract avoided.
(2) if time allows, the party intending to declare the contract avoided must give reasonable notice to the other party in order to permit him to provide adequate assurance of his performance.
(3) the requirements of the preceding paragraph do not apply if the other party has declared that he will not perform his obligations.
article 73
(1) in the case of a contract for delivery of goods by instalments, if the failure of one party to perform any of his obligations in respect of any instalment constitutes a fundamental breach of contract with respect to that instalment, the other party may declare the contract avoided with respect to that instalment.
(2) if one partys failure to perform any of his obligations in respect of any instalment gives the other party good grounds to conclude that a fundamental breach of contract will occur with respect to future instalments, he may declare the contract avoided for the future, provided that he does so within a reasonable time.
(3) a buyer who declares the contract avoided in respect of any delivery may, at the same time, declare it avoided in respect of deliveries already made or of future deliveries if, by reason of their interdependence, those deliveries could not be used for the purpose contemplated by the parties at the time of the conclusion of the contract.
section ii. damages
article 74
damages for breach of contract by one party consist of a sum equal to the loss, including loss of profit, suffered by the other party as a consequence of the breach. such damages may not exceed the loss which the party in breach foresaw or ought to have foreseen at the time of the conclusion of the contract, in the light of the facts and matters of which he then knew or ought to have known, as a possible consequence of the breach of contract.
article 75
if the contract is avoided and if, in a reasonable manner and within a reasonable time after avoidance, the buyer has bought goods in replacement or the seller has resold the goods, the party claiming damages may recover the difference between the contract price and the price in the substitute transaction as well as any further damages recoverable under article 74.
article 76
(1) if the contract is avoided and there is a current price for the goods, the party claiming damages may, if he has not made a purchase or resale under article 75, recover the difference between the price fixed by the contract and the current price at the time of avoidance as well as any further damages recoverable under article 74. if, however, the party claiming damages has avoided the contract after taking over the goods, the current price at the time of such taking over shall be applied instead of the current price at the time of avoidance.
(2) for the purposes of the preceding paragraph, the current price is the price prevailing at the place where delivery of the goods should have been made or, if there is no current price at that place, the price at such other place as serves as a reasonable substitute, making due allowance for differences in the cost of transporting the goods.
article 77
a party who relies on a breach of contract must take such measures as are reasonable in the circumstances to mitigate the loss, including loss of profit, resulting from the breach. if he fails to take such measures, the party in breach may claim a reduction in the damages in the amount by which the loss should have been mitigated.
section iii. interest
article 78
if a party fails to pay the price or any other sum that is in arrears, the other party is entitled to interest on it, without prejudice to any claim for damages recoverable under article 74.
section iv. exemptions
article 79
(1) a party is not liable for a failure to perform any of his obligations if he proves that the failure was due to an impediment beyond his control and that he could not reasonably be expected to have taken the impediment into account at the time of the conclusion of the contract or to have avoided or overcome it or its consequences.
(2) if the partys failure is due to the failure by a third person whom he has engaged to perform the whole or a part of the contract, that party is exempt from liability only if:
(a) he is exempt under the preceding paragraph and
(b) the person whom he has so engaged would be so exempt if the provisions of that paragraph were applied to him.
(3) the exemption provided by this article has effect for the period during which the impediment exists.
(4) the party who fails to perform must give notice to the other party of the impediment and its effect on his ability to perform. if the notice is not received by the other party within a reasonable time after the party who fails to perform knew or ought to have known of the impediment, he is liable for damages resulting from such non-receipt.
(5) nothing in this article prevents either party from exercising any right other than to claim damages under this convention.
article 80
a party may not rely on a failure of the other party to perform, to the extent that such failure was caused by the first partys act or omission.
section v. effects of avoidance
article 81
(1) avoidance of the contract releases both parties from their obligations under it, subject to any damages which may be due. avoidance does not affect any provision of the contract for the settlement of disputes or any other provision of the contract governing the rights and obligations of the parties consequent upon the avoidance of the contract.
(2) a party who has performed the contract either wholly or in part may claim restitution from the other party of whatever the first party has supplied or paid under the contract. if both parties are bound to make restitution, they must do so concurrently.
article 82
(1) the buyer loses the right to declare the contract avoided or to require the seller to deliver substitute goods if it is impossible for him to make restitution of the goods substantially in the condition in which he received them.
(2) the preceding paragraph does not apply:
(a) if the impossibility of making restitution of the goods or of making restitution of the goods substantially in the condition in which the buyer received them is not due to his act or omission
(b) if the goods or part of the goods have perished or deteriorated as a result of the examination provided for in article 38 or
(c) if the goods or part of the goods have been sold in the normal course of business or have been consumed or transformed by the buyer in the course of normal use before he discovered or ought to have discovered the lack of conformity.
article 83
a buyer who has lost the right to declare the contract avoided or to require the seller to deliver substitute goods in accordance with article 82 retains all other remedies under the contract and this convention.
article 84
(1) if the seller is bound to refund the price, he must also pay interest on it, from the date on which the price was paid.
(2) the buyer must account to the seller for all benefits which he has derived from the goods or part of them:
(a) if he must make restitution of the goods or part of them or
(b) if it is impossible for him to make restitution of all or part of the goods or to make restitution of all or part of the goods substantially in the condition in which he received them, but he has nevertheless declared the contract avoided or required the seller to deliver substitute goods.
section vi. preservation of the goods
article 85
if the buyer is in delay in taking delivery of the goods or, where payment of the price and delivery of the goods are to be made concurrently, if he fails to pay the price, and the seller is either in possession of the goods or otherwise able to control their disposition, the seller must take such steps as are reasonable in the circumstances to preserve them. he is entitled to retain them until he has been reimbursed his reasonable expenses by the buyer.
article 86
(1) if the buyer has received the goods and intends to exercise any right under the contract or this convention to reject them, he must take such steps to preserve them as are reasonable in the circumstances. he is entitled to retain them until he has been reimbursed his reasonable expenses by the seller.
(2) if goods dispatched to the buyer have been placed at his disposal at their destination and he exercises the right to reject them, he must take possession of them on behalf of the seller, provided that this can be done without payment of the price and without unreasonable inconvenience or unreasonable expense. this provision does not apply if the seller or a person authorized to take charge of the goods on his behalf is present at the destination. if the buyer takes possession of the goods under this paragraph, his rights and obligations are governed by the preceding paragraph.
article 87
a party who is bound to take steps to preserve the goods may deposit them in a warehouse of a third person at the expense of the other party provided that the expense incurred is not unreasonable.
article 88
(1) a party who is bound to preserve the goods in accordance with article 85 or 86 may sell them by any appropriate means if there has been an unreasonable delay by the other party in taking possession of the goods or in t, aking them back or in paying the price or the cost of preservation, provided that reasonable notice of the intention to sell has been given to the other party.
(2) if the goods are subject to rapid deterioration or their preservation would involve unreasonable expense, a party who is bound to preserve the goods in accordance with article 85 or 86 must take reasonable measures to sell them. to the extent possible he must give notice to the other party of his intention to sell.
(3) a party selling the goods has the right to retain out of the proceeds of sale an amount equal to the reasonable expenses of preserving the goods and of selling them. he must account to the other party for the balance.
part iv final provisions
article 89
the secretary-general of the united nations is hereby designated as the depositary for this convention.
article 90
this convention does not prevail over any international agreement which has already been or may be entered into and which contains provisions concerning the matters governed by this convention, provided that the parties have their places of business in states parties to such agreement.
article 91
(1) this convention is open for signature at the concluding meeting of the united nations conference on contracts for the international sale of goods and will remain open for signature by all states at the headquarters of the united nations, new york until 30 september 1981.
(2) this convention is subject to ratification, acceptance or approval by the signatory states.
(3) this convention is open for accession by all states which are not signatory states as from the date it is open for signature.
(4) instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval and accession are to be deposited with the secretary-general of the united nations.
article 92
(1) a contracting state may declare at the time of signature, ratification, acceptance, approval or accession that it will not be bound by part ii of this convention or that it will not be bound by part iii of this convention.
(2) a contracting state which makes a declaration in accordance with the preceding paragraph in respect of part ii or part iii of this convention is not to be considered a contracting state within paragraph (1) of article 1 of this convention in respect of matters governed by the part to which the declaration applies.
article 93
(1) if a contracting state has two or more territorial units in which, according to its constitution, different systems of law are applicable in relation to the matters dealt with in this convention, it may, at the time of signature, ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, declare that this convention is to extend to all its territorial units or only to one or more of them, and may amend its declaration by submitting another declaration at any time.
(2) these declarations are to be notified to the depositary and are to state expressly the territorial units to which the convention extends.
(3) if, by virtue of a declaration under this article, this convention extends to one or more but not all of the territorial units of a contracting state, and if the place of business of a party is located in that state, this place of business, for the purposes of this convention, is considered not to be in a contracting state, unless it is in a territorial unit to which the convention extends.
(4) if a contracting state makes no declaration under paragraph (1) of this article, the convention is to extend to all territorial units of that state.
article 94
(1) two or more contracting states which have the same or closely related legal rules on matters governed by this convention may at any time declare that the convention is not to apply to contracts of sale or to their formation where the parties have their places of business in those states. such declarations may be made jointly or by reciprocal unilateral declarations.
(2) a contracting state which has the same or closely related legal rules on matters governed by this convention as one or more non-contracting states may at any time declare that the convention is not to apply to contracts of sale or to their formation where the parties have their places of business in those states.
(3) if a state which is the object of a declaration under the preceding paragraph subsequently becomes a contracting state, the declaration made will, as from the date on which the convention enters into force in respect of the new contracting state, have the effect of a declaration made under paragraph (1), provided that the new contracting state joins in such declaration or makes a reciprocal unilateral declaration.
article 95
any state may declare at the time of the deposit of its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession that it will not be bound by subparagraph (1)(b) of article 1 of this convention.
article 96
a contracting state whose legislation requires contracts of sale to be concluded in or evidenced by writing may at any time make a declaration in accordance with article 12 that any provision of article 11, article 29, or part ii of this convention, that allows a contract of sale or its modification or termination by agreement or any offer, acceptance, or other indication of intention to be made in any form other than in writing, does not apply where any party has his place of business in that state.
article 97
(1) declarations made under this convention at the time of signature are subject to confirmation upon ratification, acceptance or approval.
(2) declarations and confirmations of declarations are to be in writing and be formally notified to the depositary.
(3) a declaration takes effect simultaneously with the entry into force of this convention in respect of the state concerned. however, a declaration of which the depositary receives formal notification after such entry into force takes effect on the first day of the month following the expiration of six months after the date of its receipt by the depositary. reciprocal unilateral declarations under article 94 take effect on the first day of the month following the expiration of six months after the receipt of the latest declaration by the depositary.
(4) any state which makes a declaration under this convention may withdraw it at any time by a formal notification in writing addressed to the depositary. such withdrawal is to take effect on the first day of the month following the expiration of six months after the date of the receipt of the notification by the depositary.
(5) a withdrawal of a declaration made under article 94 renders inoperative, as from the date on which the withdrawal takes effect, any reciprocal declaration made by another state under that article.
article 98
no reservations are permitted except those expressly authorized in this convention.
article 99
(1) this convention enters into force, subject to the provisions of paragraph (6) of this article, on the first day of the month following the expiration of twelve months after the date of deposit of the tenth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, including an instrument which contains a declaration made under article 92.
(2) when a state ratifies, accepts, approves or accedes to this convention after the deposit of the tenth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, this convention, with the exception of the part excluded, enters into force in respect of that state, subject to the provisions of paragraph (6) of this article, on the first day of the month following the expiration of twelve months after the date of the deposit of its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.
(3) a state which ratifies, accepts, approves or accedes to this convention and is a party to either or both the convention relating to a uniform law on the formation of contracts for the international sale of goods done at the hague on 1 july 1964 (1964 hague formation convention) and the convention relating to a uniform law on the international sale of goods done at the hague on 1 july 1964 (1964 hague sales convention) shall at the same time denounce, as the case may be, either or both the 1964 hague sales convention and the 1964 hague formation convention by notifying the government of the netherlands to that effect.
(4) a state party to the 1964 hague sales convention which ratifies, accepts, approves or accedes to the present convention and declares or has declared under article 52 that it will not be bound by part ii of this convention shall at the time of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession denounce the 1964 hague sales convention by notifying the government of the netherlands to that effect.
(5) a state party to the 1964 hague formation convention which ratifies, accepts, approves or accedes to the present convention and declares or has declared under article 92 that it will not be bound by part iii of this convention shall at the time of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession denounce the 1964 hague formation convention by notifying the government of the netherlands to that effect.
(6) for the purpose of this article, ratifications, acceptances, approvals and accessions in respect of this convention by states parties to the 1964 hague formation convention or to the 1964 hague sales convention shall not be effective until such denunciations as may be required on the part of those states in respect of the latter two conventions have themselves become effective. the depositary of this convention shall consult with the government of the netherlands, as the depositary of the 1964 conventions, so as to ensure necessary co-ordination in this respect.
article 100
(1) this convention applies to the formation of a contract only when the proposal for concluding the contract is made on or after the date when the convention enters into force in respect of the contracting states referred to in subparagraph (1)(a) or the contracting state referred to in subparagraph (1)(b) of article 1.
(2) this convention applies only to contracts concluded on or after the date when the convention enters into force in respect of the contracting states referred to in subparagraph (1)(a) or the contracting state referred to in subparagraph (1)(b) of article 1.
article 101
(1) a contracting state may denounce this convention, or part ii or part iii of the convention, by a formal notification in writing addressed to the depositary.
(2) the denunciation takes effect on the first day of the month following the expiration of twelve months after the notification is received by the depositary. where a longer period for the denunciation to take effect is specified in the notification, the denunciation takes effect upon the expiration of such longer period after the notification is received by the depositary.
done at vienna, this day of eleventh day of april, one thousand nine hundred and eighty, in a single original, of which the arabic, chinese, english, french, russian and spanish texts are equally authentic.
in witness whereof the undersigned plenipotentiaries, being duly authorized by their respective governments, have signed this convention.
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